Domain 5: Management and Leadership

Based on the financial data listed, what was Triad's total net assets before posting net income for the year?

$1,500,000 The difference between assets and liabilities is referred to as net assets. These relationships can be expressed in the following equation:Assets - Liabilities = Net assets (equity)In this example, add the assets (cash $500,000 + A/R $250,000 + building $1,000,000 + land $700,000 = $2,450,000) and then subtract the liabilities (A/P $350,000 + mortgage $600,000 = $950,000) or $2,450,000 - $950,000 = $1,500,000 (Revoir 2020, 814).

Based on the financial data listed above, what was Triad's net income?

$250,000 The net income is based only on the arithmetic difference between total revenue and total expenses of the current fiscal year. The difference between the total revenue of $2,500,000 and the total expenses of $2,250,000 is $250,000 (Revoir 2020, 821).

Which of the following would be an indicator of process problems in a health information department?

18% error rate on abstracting data Performance measurement is the process of comparing the outcomes of an organization, work unit, or employee to pre-established performance standards. The results of performance measurement are usually expressed as percentages, rates, ratios, averages, or other quantitative assessment. It is used to assess quality and productivity in clinical and administrative services. An 18 percent error rate on abstracting data is an indicator of a process problem in the health information management (HIM) department because it is an HIM function. The other items are not under the control of the HIM department and would not indicate a process problem in HIM (Oachs 2020, 776).

Which of the following best differentiates the role of strategic management and strategic thinking as compared to other management tools and approaches?

A component of each of the major functions of management Strategic management and thinking should be seen as an essential part of management rather than a replacement or additional part of management. It is an expected part of the role of managers, not just senior leaders (McClernon 2020, 918-919).

Which of the following is not a characteristic of strategy?

A description of specific implementation plans Strategy is thinking of the big picture of the future and creating broad strategies that move the unit or organization forward. While an implementation plan is critical to the successful execution, it is not a characteristic of strategy (McClernon 2020, 917-918).

Jane's mother is a resident at Apple Valley Nursing Home. Jane is concerned that her mother is developing an ulcer on her hip. Jane has brought concern to the attention of both the director of nursing and the facility administer with no resolution. Jane contacts the State Department of Health and files a complaint. From this scenario, predict what will occur next at Apple Valley Nursing Home.

A health surveyor will visit the nursing home. After a complaint by a resident, family member, or employees, a Department of Health surveyor may visit a facility at any time to perform a special investigation. This investigation is to ensure that proper is being received by the resident in question and another other within the organization (Shaw and Carter 2019, 342).

What is the difference between a credential and a license?

A license is a legal authorization to practice, whereas a credential is a formal agreement. A credential is a formal agreement to practice granted by a professional organization, whereas a license is a legal authorization to practice granted by a by a state (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 210).

Which of the following is a characteristic of strategic management?

A plan to improve the healthcare entity's fit with the external world Strategic management is a process a leader uses for assessing a changing environment to create a vision of the future, determining how the organization fits into the anticipated environment based on its mission, vision, and knowledge of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and then setting in motion a plan of action to position the organization accordingly (McClernon 2020, 916).

Which of the following statements describes a critical skill for a strategic manager?

Ability to envision relationships between trends and opportunities Strategic managers develop skills reflecting the implications and opportunities afforded by trends. Whether reading a journal or discussing new ideas with others, strategic managers are always testing new ideas, identifying those that have merit, and discarding those that do not. They are creating links between the trends and the value-adding actions they can take (McClernon 2020, 918).

The HIM director at University Hospital would like to perform a mock survey on the Joint Commission information management standards. The committee that the HIM director should contact is the:

Accreditation committee The accreditation committee performs mock surveys and identifies gaps between actual performance and optimal performance relative to accreditation standards (Kelley and Greenstone 2020, 225-226).

An accrediting agency's published rules, which serve as the basis for comparative assessment during the review or survey process, are called:

Accreditation standards Accreditation approval is based on whether the organization voluntarily meets a set of accreditation standards developed by the accreditation agency that serve as the basis for comparative assessment during the review or survey process and confirm the quality of the services that healthcare organizations provide (Shaw and Carter 2020, 330).

Hiring a known and proven employee with an understanding of the organization and improving morale among current employees are both:

Advantages to internal recruitment Internal candidates are individuals that are already employed by an organization. One of the advantages of hiring an internal candidate is that the candidate is a proven employee with an understanding of the organization. Hiring internal candidates can also improves the morale and a sense of loyalty for current employees (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 157).

Connie is the education manager for a national coding service company. Once a month she records a webinar for all her coding personnel to review coding updates, answer questions, and provide continuing education. The webinar is recorded so that all personnel have an opportunity to review the material on their own time and at their own convenience. Questions are directed to Connie via email. This is an example of what type of training method?

Asynchronous The use of a recorded webinar is an example of asynchronous learning. Asynchronous learning occurs when the instructor and students are not present at the same time (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 212).

A technique for measuring healthcare entity performance across the four perspectives of customer, financial, internal processes, and learning and growth is called:

Balanced scorecard methodology Balanced scorecard methodology is a technique for measuring organization performance across the four perspectives of customer, financial, internal processes, and learning and growth (McClernon 2020, 941).

The following information was abstracted from Community Hospital's balance sheet.

Be somewhat concerned because the current ratio is less than one The current ratio compares total current assets with total current liabilities:4,000,000=4=0.85,000,0005Total current assetsTotal current liabilitiesFrom this information, one can take the current assets (cash + accounts receivable + inventory) divided by current liabilities (accounts payable) to arrive at current ratio. The current ratio indicates that for every dollar of current liability, $0.80 of current assets could be used to discharge the liability, which is not enough because it is not at least $1 (Revoir 2020, 823).

Which one of the following statements best reflects the current strategic planning environment?

Because the environment is volatile, strategic planning must be fluid and open to change. The rapidly changing landscape in healthcare requires the strategic planning process be open to change to achieve the vision and strategy (McClernon 2020, 920).

Use of a variety of content delivery methods to accommodate different types of learners is called:

Blended learning Blended learning uses several delivery methods thereby gaining the advantages and reducing the disadvantages of each method alone (Patena 2020, 743).

Which one of the variances will the HIM director be required to explain?

Both the payroll and consulting services variances When the operating budget has been developed and approved, it is the responsibility of the department manager to ensure the budget goals are met and to explain all variances (Revoir 2020, 833).

Which of the following is the process of meeting a prescribed set of standards or regulations to maintain active accreditation, licensure, or certification status?

Compliance Every accreditation, certification, and licensure agency develops written standards or regulations that serve as the basis of the review process. It is imperative that healthcare facilities monitor any changes and updates to the various standards and regulations and keep current sets of them on hand at all times to help maintain compliance status. Compliance is the process of meeting a prescribed set of standards or regulations to maintain active accreditation, licensure, or certification status (Shaw and Carter 2020, 330).

For a contract to be valid, it must include three elements. Which of the following is one of those elements?

Consideration The elements of a contract must be stated clearly and specifically. A contract cannot exist unless all the following elements exist: there must be an agreement between two or more persons or entities and the agreement must include a valid offer, acceptance, and exchange of consideration (Rinehart-Thompson 2020, 54).

Which of the following is a conflict management method in which both parties meet with an objective third party to explore their perceptions and feelings?

Constructive confrontation Conflict management focuses on working with the individuals involved to find a mutually acceptable solution. There are three ways to address conflict: compromise, control, and constructive confrontation. Constructive confrontation is a method in which both parties meet with an objective third party to explore their perceptions and feelings. The desired outcome is to produce a mutual understanding of the issues and to create a win-win situation (LeBlanc 2020, 713).

Joe is hired as a floater in a health information department to fill in wherever help is needed. He learns the jobs of several employees. This is an example of:

Cross-training In cross-training, the employee learns to perform the jobs of many team members. This method is most useful when work teams are involved (Patena 2020, 732).

A legally binding contract that draws from federal and local laws to define the requirements for participation in the eHealthExchange national network is:

Data Use and Reciprocal Support Agreement (DURSA) DURSA is a legally binding contract defining the requirements for participation in the eHealthExchange national network (Lee-Eichenwald 2020, 396).

Which of the following is a common outcome of conflict in the workplace?

Decreased productivity Sometimes problems arise because of conflicts among employees. It is common for people to disagree, and sometimes a difference of opinion can increase creativity. However, too much conflict can also waste time, reduce productivity, and decrease morale. When taken to the extreme, it can threaten the safety of employees and cause damage to property (LeBlanc 2020, 713).

What is it called when accrediting bodies such as the Joint Commission, rather than the government, can survey facilities for compliance with the Medicare Conditions of Participation for hospitals?

Deemed status Deemed status means accrediting bodies such as the Joint Commission can survey facilities for compliance with the Medicare Conditions of Participation for hospitals instead of government (Rinehart-Thompson 2017f, 253).

Which of the following would be considered a discriminatory practice in the employment setting?

Denial of employment based on religion. There are several laws that affect discrimination in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, age, sex, national origin, citizenship status, and veterans status. Most organizations would like to hire someone whose vision for the organization is in line with their own vision (Reynolds and Brodnik 2017c, 490).

Sarah, a coding manager, realizes that one of her long-term employees is experiencing a decrease in her coding quality. Sarah has counseled the employee several times and she has documented the issues and placed them in the employee's file. Sarah has been advised by her manager that she needs to initiate a performance improvement plan for the employee. The next step that Sarah needs to do is:

Develop an action plan incorporating SMART goals that will assist employee in achieving performance goals The second step after documenting employee performance issues is to develop an action plan incorporating SMART goals (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 195).

The use of simulation as a training technique is best suited for which of the following scenarios?

Disaster preparedness exercises Simulation provides real-world situations that represent the actual situation, such a natural disaster. This allows learners to react to a situation in a hands-on way. Diversity training, annual coding updates, and new employee orientation are better suited for a classroom or a similar type of delivery method (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 211).

As part of the CARF accreditation process, reviewers examine policies and procedures, administrative rules and regulations, administrative records, human resource records, and the case records of patients. This process is called:

Document review The second part of the CARF accreditation is the document review. The document review is an in-depth study in which accreditation surveyors examine an organization's policies and procedures, administrative rules and regulations, administrative records, human resources records, and the case records of patients (Shaw and Carter 2019, 341).

A Joint Commission accredited organization must review their formulary annually to ensure a medication's continued:

Efficacy and safety The formulary is composed of medications used for commonly occurring conditions or diagnoses treated in the healthcare organization. Organizations accredited by the Joint Commission are required to maintain a formulary and document that they review at least annually for a medication's continued safety and efficacy (Shaw and Carter 2019, 221).

Community Hospital is preparing to select an outsource company as a vendor for its release of information service. What is the first step that the hospital should initiate to gather information from each vendor under consideration?

Engage in an RFP process A request for proposal (RFP) would be the first step at this point as the organization has determined a new vendor is needed. An RFP is a solicitation to vendors that includes and organization's requirements for functionality, vendor strategy, and other elements being sought from a vendor, and that usually also includes basic information about the healthcare organization, such a how many users will be using the system, the timeline for implementation, and any special contractual issues that must be addressed (Lee-Eichenwald 2020, 396).

Which discipline defines the natural laws of work and focuses on employee comfort and safety?

Ergonomics The discipline of ergonomics has helped redefine the employee workspace with consideration for comfort and safety (Oachs 2020, 763).

In order to expedite basic performance improvement team functioning, the team should:

Establish ground rules Ground rules must be agreed upon by the team at the very beginning of the process improvement effort. All members of the team should have input into the ground rules. They should agree to abide by them for the sake of the team's success (Shaw and Carter 2019, 59).

One of the most common issues that healthcare organizations fail to do well in the strategic process is:

Execute the implementation plan The strategic goals and objectives need to be clearly outlined, with assignments for who will be accountable, timelines, allocation of resources, and measurements that will be used to ensure success of implementation. When a detailed implementation includes the elements laid out clearly—with timeframes and regular updates provided within the organization—the likelihood of strategic success increases significantly (McClernon 2020, 934).

Before the on-site survey team leaves the healthcare facility, they meet with the organization's leadership team and provide a report of their findings. This meeting is called:

Exit conference After the team develops the preliminary report, surveyors, members of the organization's leadership team, and a representative from the state's licensing agency, if applicable, reconvene for an exit conference. During the exit conference, surveyors summarize their findings and explain any deficiencies identified during the site visit. Leaders have a short opportunity to discuss the surveyors' perspectives or to provide additional information related to any deficiencies (Shaw and Carter 2019, 339).

All variances (as related to accounting) should be labeled as either:

Favorable or unfavorable Variances are often calculated on the monthly budget report. The organization's policies and procedures manual defines unacceptable variances or variances that must be explained. In identifying variances, it is important to recognize whether the variance is favorable or unfavorable and whether it is temporary or permanent (Revoir 2020, 834).

Which of the following are alternate work scheduling techniques?

Flextime, telecommuting, and compressed workweek Alternate work schedules are alternatives to the regular 40-hour workweek; the following are examples: compressed workweek, flextime, and job sharing (Oachs 2020, 767).

The leader of the coding performance improvement team wants all team members to clearly understand the coding process. What tool could help accomplish this objective?

Flowchart To help all members understand the process, a team will undertake development of a flowchart. This work allows the team to thoroughly understand every step in the process and the sequence of steps. It provides a picture of each decision point and each event that must be completed. It readily points out places where there is redundancy and complex and problematic areas (Oachs 2020, 786).

Contracting for staffing to handle a complete function within the HIM department, such as the Cancer Registry function, would be considered what type of contracting arrangement?

Full-service When a manager is planning to contract for staffing in a transitional situation in order to meet organizational goals, various types of arrangements can be considered. Full-service contracting would be handing off a complete function to the contracted company (Oachs 2020, 769).

Which of the following is a characteristic of an organized medical staff as recognized by the Joint Commission?

Fully licensed physicians are permitted by law to provide patient care services. Like any organization, the medical staff, as a self-governing entity, needs to have structure. The medical staff bylaws provide an organizational structure to ensure communication with the governing body and high-quality patient care. Committees are used to help most medical staffs function. This committee structure is used to make credentialing and clinical privilege decisions (Reynolds and Brodnik 2017b, 476-478).

The HIM department at University Hospital is assessing means of remuneration that will impact employee and manager performance. All of the items should be considered when evaluating pay for performance initiatives except:

Human resources does not need to provide training to HIM managers on how to calculate performance appraisal results in relation to pay for performance ratings. Human resources needs to provide training to managers on how to calculate performance appraisal results in relation to pay-for-performance ratings (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 188).

Every year, a director of health information services sponsors a series of presentations about the confidentiality of patient information. All facility employees are required to attend a session. This method of educational delivery is called:

In-service education In-service education is a continuous process that builds on the basic skills learned through new employee orientation and on-the-job training. In-service education is concerned with teaching employees specific skills and behaviors required to maintain job performance or to retrain workers whose jobs have changed (Patena 2020, 733).

Annual renewal of fire safety and disaster preparedness are topics that may be addressed best through training known as:

In-service education In-service education is a continuous process that builds on the basic skills learned through new employee orientation and on-the-job training. It is concerned with teaching employees specific skills and behaviors required to maintain job performance (Patena 2020, 733).

A physician who provides care in a healthcare facility, is not employed by the healthcare entity and therefore not under the direct control or supervision of another, and is personally responsible for his or her negligent acts and carries his or her own professional liability insurance is considered a(n) _______ to the healthcare entity.

Independent contractor Each provider who practices care under the auspices of a healthcare organization must do so in accordance with delineated clinical privileges. One of the requirements for these privileges is for the individual to carry his or her own professional liability insurance and therefore that provider is considered an independent contractor within the healthcare organization (Shaw and Carter 2019, 279).

During her new employee orientation, Katie is paired with another coder who shows Katie to her workstation, explains the organization's coding guidelines, takes her to lunch, and explains the online encoder. This orientation is taking place at what level?

Individual Individual orientation covers those job duties and responsibilities unique to the person's job in the department (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 204-205).

Which of the following statements is not true about a business associate agreement?

It allows the business associate to maintain PHI indefinitely. Agreements between the covered entity and a business associate include: requiring the business associate to make available all of its books and records relating to protected health information (PHI) use and disclosure to the Department of Health and Human Services or its agent; prohibiting the business associate from using or disclosing PHI in any way that would violate the HIPAA Privacy Rule; and prohibiting the business associate from using or disclosing PHI for any purpose other than that described in the contract with the covered entity; and other agreements. But it does not allow the business associate to maintain PHI indefinitely (Rinehart- Thompson 2017d, 211-212).

Which of the following best describes the role of innovation in strategic thinking as compared to other management tools and approaches?

It creates new market opportunities and serves as the driving force behind growth and profitability. Innovation should.be seen as an essential part of strategic thinking rather than a replacement or additional part of management (McClernon 2020, 919).

Which of the following is a true statement about business process reengineering?

It seeks to reevaluate and redesign organizational processes to make dramatic performance improvements. In reengineering, the entire manner and purpose of a work process is questioned. The goal is to achieve the desired process outcome in the most effective and efficient manner possible. The results expected from reengineering efforts include increased productivity, decreased costs, improved quality, maximized revenue, and more satisfied customers. However, it should be clearly understood that the main focus is on reducing costs (Oachs 2020, 791).

The Hay method is used to measure the three levels of major compensable factors: the know-how, problem-solving, and accountability requirements of each position. This system is used for:

Job evaluation The Hay Guide Chart-Profile Method of Job Evaluation is widely used as a job evaluation tool (LeBlanc 2020, 709-710).

Caroline is interviewing candidates for a supervisor of release of information position. She asks each candidate to explain how they would prepare a record in answer to a subpoena. This is what type of interview question?

Job knowledge Job-knowledge questions are intended to determine if the applicant knows how to do the job (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 164).

In the HIM department at Memorial Hospital, each newly hired coder spends an afternoon with a medical biller. The coder follows the biller around as they complete job tasks to get an idea of how coding and billing impact one another. This is an example of what type of on-the-job training?

Job shadowing Job shadowing is a method in which one employee follows another employee to observe certain functions of their job. The intent is that the experienced employee educates the new employee on specific aspects of their job (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 208).

In preparation for the implementation of an electronic health record (EHR), Ruth spends most of her training time in the EHR test system clicking through screens and developing workflows. Ruth is most likely what type of sensory learner?

Kinesthetic Kinesthetic learners favor a hands-on approach to learning so they can feel and manipulate the material. This may involve clicking through computer screens rather than reading an instruction manual (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 209).

Successful strategic managers understand that three competencies are common to all successful change and that these competencies can and must be developed. These three competencies are:

Leadership, change management, and strategic development Every aspect of management involves a strategic management component. With organizational learning as a centerpiece, this approach unifies change management, strategy development, and leadership. In all three, people learn by observing and reflecting on the results of experiences (McClernon 2020, 918).

The act of granting a healthcare organization or an individual healthcare practitioner permission to provide services of a defined scope in a limited geographical area is called:

Licensure Licensure is a state's act of granting a healthcare organization or an individual healthcare practitioner permission to provide services of a defined scope in a limited geographical area. State governments issue licenses based on regulations specific to healthcare practices (Shaw and Carter 2019, 330).

Which of the following would not be included in a healthcare entity's strategic profile?

Nature of its threats and opportunities The strategic profile identifies the existing key services or products of the department or organization, the nature of its customers and users, the nature of its market segments, and the nature of its geographic markets (McClernon 2020, 922; Robert 2006, 53-542).

Which tool is used to determine the most critical areas for training and education for a group of employees?

Needs analysis The needs analysis is critical to the design of the training plan. This approach typically focuses on three levels: the organization, the specific job tasks, and the individual employee (Patena 2020, 722).

At the beginning of a recent accreditation visit, the surveyors met with key leaders of the organization. During the meeting, an outline of the schedule was discussed and key interviewees were identified. What is the term for this important accreditation meeting?

Opening conference The opening conference, a meeting conducted at the beginning of the accreditation site visit during which the surveyors outline the schedule of activities and list any individuals whom they would like to interview, is an important opportunity for the organization to set the tone for the survey process (Shaw and Carter 2020, 335).

Agreements that are reached in a participant agreement or vendor contract should be developed into:

Operational policies The agreements that are reached in a participant agreement or vendor contract should be developed into operational policies and procedures (Lee-Eichenwald 2020, 396).

The leaders of a healthcare entity are expected to select an entity-wide performance improvement approach and to clearly define how all levels of the entity will monitor and address improvement issues. The Joint Commission requires ongoing data collection that might require possible improvement for which of the following areas?

Operative and other invasive procedures, medication management, and blood and blood product use Appointments to the board of directors is important information, but the Joint Commission requires detailed information on the responsibilities and actions of the board, not necessarily its composition. The Joint Commission requires healthcare organizations to collect data on each of these areas: medication management, blood and blood product use, restraint and seclusion use, behavior management and treatment, operative and other invasive procedures, and resuscitation and its outcomes (Shaw and Carter 2019, 304, 313).

A SWOT analysis created by the director of the HIM department indicates there is a local community college with an HIM program that could be a source of new coders for future open positions. In a SWOT analysis, this would be a(n):

Opportunity SWOT analysis looks at the internal strengths of an organization or department, and the external opportunities and threats. These are considered to be elements that the department can control. In this scenario there is an opportunity that is created for the organization as new coders will be available based on the HIM program that is found in the community (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 30-31).

During new employee orientation, Elise, the assistant director of human resources, oversees diversity and sexual harassment training. This orientation is taking place at what level?

Organizational Review of diversity practices and sexual harassment training take place at the organizational level of orientation training (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 203).

A set of activities designed to familiarize new employees with their jobs, the healthcare entity, and work culture is called:

Orientation After employees have been recruited and selected, the first step is to introduce them to the organization and their immediate work setting and functions. New employee orientation includes a group of activities that introduce the employee to the organization's mission, policies, rules, and culture; the department or workgroup; and the specific job he or she will be performing (Patena 2020, 725-726).

The incidence of postoperative wound infections occurring in ORIF procedures in which antibiotics were and were not utilized is an example of which type of performance measure?

Outcome measure Performance measurement in healthcare provides an indication of an organization's performance in relation to a specified process or outcome. An outcome measure may be the effect of care, treatment, or services on a customer (Shaw and Carter 2019, 41).

Which of the following best describes an example of a consumer engagement activity in which HIM professionals might engage?

Patient portal training Consumer engagement activities both educate the consumer and make them more responsible for their personal health and health information. Patient portal training helps the consumer to better manage their own health information (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 208-209).

CMS and the Joint Commission both require that healthcare professionals assess the work of colleagues in the same profession; this process is known as:

Peer review In peer review, a member of a profession assesses the work of colleagues within that same profession. Peer review has traditionally been at the center of quality assessment and assurance efforts. The medical profession's peer review efforts have emphasized the scientific aspects of quality. Appropriate use of pharmaceuticals, postoperative infection rates, and accuracy of diagnosis are among the measures of quality that have been used. Peer review is a requirement of both CMS and the Joint Commission (Fuller 2020, 27).

What is the first step in a successful departmental training and development plan?

Performing a needs analysis The needs analysis is the first step to the design of a training and development plan. This approach typically focuses on three levels: the organization, the specific job tasks and the individual employee (Patena 2020, 722).

What term is used to represent a difference between the budgeted amount and the actual amount of a line item that is not expected to reverse itself during a subsequent period?

Permanent variance A permanent variance is a financial term that refers to the difference between the budgeted amount and the actual amount of a line item that is not expected to reverse itself during a subsequent period (Revoir 2020, 834).

Sarah is not clear about why she needs to collect so much data as she performs her HIM job. Sarah's manager explains that the basic premise behind collecting job analysis data is to determine the job requirements and delineate appropriate ________and ________.

Position classification; grade level assignments Job analysis data is collected to determine job requirements and delineate appropriate position classification and grade-level assignments (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 136).

The percent of antibiotics administered immediately prior to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) surgeries or the percent of deliveries accomplished by cesarean section are examples of what type of performance measure?

Process measure A process measure has a scientific basis for it. In this example, the percentage of antibiotics administered before surgery has been proven through evidence-based medicine, so it is scientifically based (Shaw and Carter 2019, 40-41).

A strategy map can be a useful tool because it:

Provides a visual framework for integrating strategies A strategy map is a tool that provides a visual representation of an organization's critical objectives and the relationships among them that drive organizational performance. Depicting change as a road map is a useful way to help others understand the goals and the course of change (McClernon 2020, 941).

What is the process of finding, soliciting, and attracting new employees called?

Recruitment Recruitment is the process of finding, soliciting, and attracting new employees. However, the manager should be sure to understand the organization's recruitment and hiring policies and to seek the assistance of the HR department before the vacancy is publicized (LeBlanc 2020, 701).

The vision of a health information services department should:

Reflect the vision of the organization The strategic planning process requires the involvement of each department setting its vision in alignment with the organization and should include the department stakeholders and not be limited by organizational constraints (McClernon 2020, 938-939).

Joe Smith, RHIA, works for an outsourcing company as interim health information department director in a large hospital. By the terms of the contract, the hospital pays the company for Joe's services based on a 40-hour workweek with overtime for any hours exceeding 40. Joe typically works 9 hours per day, Monday through Thursday, and 4 hours on Friday. He then flies home for the weekend. After several months, he discovers the hospital is billed for 44 to 48 hours per week almost every week. Joe confronts the company billing department because this practice conflicts with the tenet of the AHIMA Code of Ethics that states that health information management professionals:

Refuse to participate in or conceal unethical practices or procedures American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) professionals must abide to the AHIMA Code of Ethics principle to refuse to participate in or conceal unethical practices or procedures (Swirsky 2020, 895).

Stacy is the nursing manager for the cardiology services at a local hospital. The hospital has recently emphasized a policy requiring all managers to track and report their employees' absences from work. Stacy feels that this requirement is time-consuming and unnecessary. Why would the hospital require their managers to complete this process?

Reports of absences are tabulated and examined for a possible HAI connection. An aspect of infection surveillance involves employee health and illness tracking. Employees are a critical vector for bringing community-acquired infections into healthcare settings. Policies related to the tracking of employee absences exist for the specific purpose of preventing infection via healthcare workers. Reports of employee absences are tabulated and examined for any possible connection to cases of HAI (Shaw and Carter 2019, 181).

Which of the following is an example of a budget used as a controlling tool?

Responding to a monthly budget variance report Once the budget preparation period is over and budget reports are issued, the budget becomes a controlling tool. The other examples occur when the budget is being used as a planning tool (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 72).

Susan wants to become a privacy officer and is studying the examination workbook to prepare herself to take the test. She spends time in the evenings and on weekends, and she completes each chapter at her own pace. She feels she should be ready for the exam in six months. What type of learning model is Susan using?

Self-directed Self-directed learning allows participants to control their learning and progress at their own pace. This delivery method supports adult learners who wish to have some control over when and where their learning takes place (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 211).

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using off-site seminars or workshops as a learning model?

Seminars are more expensive than on-site instruction. Off-site seminars are more expensive than on-site learning. They can be cost effective if more than one individual is being trained, but seminars are expensive (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 212).

Coders at Medical Center Hospital are expected to do a high volume of coding. Their department also includes a clerical support person who handles phone calls, pulls and files records to be coded, and maintains productivity logs. An abstract clerk enters coded data into the health information system. This is an example of ________ work division.

Serial Serial work division is the consecutive handling of tasks or products by individuals who perform a specific function in sequence. Often referred to as a production line work division, serial work division tends to create task specialists (Oachs 2020, 764).

The slightly higher wage paid to an employee who works a less desirable shift is called a:

Shift differential Many employers pay a slightly higher hourly wage to employees who work less desirable shifts (evening, night, weekend). This is referred to as shift differential (Oachs 2020, 767).

Disciplinary action:

Should be documented at each step in the process Regardless of the counseling and disciplinary actions mandated by the organization, managers should take some key steps of their own such as documenting the steps taken to improve performance (LeBlanc 2020, 712).

What type of organization works under contract with CMS to conduct Medicare and Medicaid certification surveys for hospitals?

State licensure agencies Medicare certification and the ability of a healthcare provider to participate in the Medicaid program is based on an annual unannounced survey conducted by a state agency that has contracted to act on behalf of CMS (Rinehart-Thompson 2017f, 253).

What kind of planning addresses long-term needs and sets comprehensive plans of action?

Strategic Strategic management is a process a leader uses for assessing a changing environment to create a vision of the future, determining how the organization fits into the anticipated environment based on its mission, vision, and knowledge of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and then setting in motion a plan of action to position the organization accordingly (McClernon 2020, 916).

Identifying future health information needs for a healthcare entity and projecting specific initiatives required to meet those needs is part of:

Strategic planning Strategic planning is a formalized roadmap that describes how the company executes the chosen strategy. A strategic plan spells out where an organization is going over the next three to five years and how it is going to get there. HIM professionals can use strategy to shape and influence change in their department and organization (McClernon 2020, 916).

An implementation plan is developed to ensure successful execution and includes:

Strategies, goals, and objectives The implementation plan outlines each strategy and then details how to achieve the strategy using goals and objectives (McClernon 2020, 933-934).

A SWOT analysis created by the director of the HIM department indicates that all of the coding staff are credentialed and up to date on their continuing education credits. In a SWOT analysis, this would be considered a:

Strength SWOT analysis looks at the internal strengths of an organization or department, and the external opportunities and threats. These are considered to be elements that the department can control. In this scenario having the coding staff credentialed and up to date on continuing education is a strength for this department (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 30-31).

Strategic thinkers exhibit which of the following skills?

The ability to gain a powerful core of healthcare entity supporters and customers Strategic thinking is a way of introducing innovation into decision-making and engaging others in the process of change. The skills that distinguish a strategic thinker include the ability to plan and strategize, flexibility and creativity, comfort with uncertainty and risk, a sense of urgency and vision of how to move change forward positively, being able to gain a powerful core of organizational supporters and customers, and the capability to communicate the vision and plans (McClernon 2020, 917-918).

When implementing health information management training, determining who needs to be trained, who should do the training, how much training is required, and how the training will be accomplished is the responsibility of:

The implementation team Training is essential to the successful implementation of each new system. The implementation team must define who needs to be trained, who should do the training, how much training is required, and how the training will be accomplished (Biedermann and Dolezel 2017, 260).

Which of the following is true about contracts?

They must contain an offer and acceptance. To be legally enforceable under civil law, a contract must comply with any applicable state and federal laws, and it must meet the following conditions: it must describe an agreement between two or more person or entities, it must include a valid offer, acceptance of the offer, and consideration (Klaver 2017b, 127-128).

Generally, substantial performance by one party to a contract will obligate the other party:

To perform their contractual obligations A contract action arises when one party claims that the other party has failed to meet an obligation set forth in a valid contract. Another way to state this is that the other party has breached the contract. The resolution available is either compensation or performance of the obligation (Rinehart-Thompson 2020, 54).

Which Joint Commission survey methodology involves an evaluation that follows the hospital experiences of current patients

Tracer methodology The on-site Joint Commission survey utilizes a tracer methodology that permits assessment of operational systems and processes in relation to the actual experiences of selected patients currently under the organization's care. Patients are selected on the basis of the current census of patients that the organization identifies as typical of its case mix. As cases are examined in relation to the actual care processes, the surveyor may identify performance issues or trends in one or more steps of the process or in the interfaces between processes. Patients on subsequent days may be selected on the basis of issues raised (Shaw and Carter 2019, 335).

The HIM department records copy fees as revenue. For the year the budgeted fees were $25,000 and the actual fees received are $23,000. The director may be asked to explain a(n):

Unfavorable variance of $2,000 The difference between the budgeted fees and actual fees is an unfavorable variance of $2,000. Unfavorable variances occur when the actual results are worse than what was budgeted (Revoir 2020, 834).

A distance learning method in which groups of employees in multiple classroom locations may listen to and see the material presented at the same time via satellite or telephone is called:

Videoconferencing Videoconferencing permits additional flexibility in delivering courses that may be enhanced through visual as well as audio presentation, such as those that include demonstrations or simulation exercises. Videoconferencing is useful for training employees in organizations with multiple sites, such as integrated delivery networks with inpatient and outpatient facilities. The expense is justified for large organizations that do extensive training (Patena 2020, 747).

Aaron's workspace is filled with notes posted to the walls regarding coding rules. He has even created file folders for coding tips according to body system. Aaron is most likely what type of sensory learner?

Visual Visual learners use the sense of sight to best learn new material. They prefer written instructions and material over being told how to do a task (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 209).

Kelly's husband is being transferred to a new position in another state. Kelly has to resign her position as director of HIM at Memorial Hospital, a job she has enjoyed for five years. This is an example of what type of employee turnover?

Voluntary Voluntary turnover occurs when an employee chooses to leave an organization (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 166).

What type of healthcare organization review is conducted at the request of the healthcare facility seeking accreditation?

Voluntary review Voluntary reviews are conducted at the request of the healthcare facility seeking accreditation or certification (Shaw and Carter 2019, 330).

Which of the following is a statement made by one party to induce another party to enter into a contract?

Warranty All contracts include representations or warranties of some sort, which are statements of facts existing at the time the contract is made. These statements are made by one party to induce the other party to enter the contract. Typically, these statements relate to the quality of goods or services purchased or leased (Klaver 2017b, 129-130).

The Health Information Services department at Medical Center Hospital has identified problems with its work processes. Too much time is spent on unimportant tasks, there is duplication of effort, and task assignment is uneven in quality and volume among employees. The manager has each employee complete a form identifying the amount of time he or she spends each day on various tasks. What is this tool called?

Work distribution chart Basic work distribution data can be collected in a work distribution chart, which is initially filled out by each employee and includes all responsible task content. Task content should come directly from the employee's current job description. In addition to task content, each employee tracks each task's start time, end time, and volume or productivity within a typical workweek. The results of a work distribution analysis can lead a department to redefine the job descriptions of some employees, redesign the office layout, or establish new or revised procedures for some department functions in order to gain improvements in staff productivity or service quality (Oachs 2020, 765).

The HIM director hired an HIM data integrity analyst. This is a new position with a newly created job description. The director needs to develop performance standards for this job and will review a random selection of the job tasks performed in order to develop baseline data for future job performance assessments. This method is called:

Work sampling Work sampling is a statistical method that reviews a select portion of tasks performed and provides baseline data for further job performance assessment (Kelly and Greenstone 2020, 183).

At Community Health Services, each budget cycle provides the opportunity to continue or discontinue services based on available resources so that every department or activity must be justified and prioritized annually in order to effectively allocate resources. Community Health uses what type of operational budget?

Zero-based Zero-based budgets apply to organizations for which each budget cycle poses the opportunity to continue or discontinue services based on the availability of resources. Every department or activity must be justified and prioritized annually in order to effectively allocate the organization's resources. Professional associations and charitable foundations, for example, routinely use zero-based budgeting (Revoir 2020, 831).

Community Hospital is evaluating the following three investments. Which one has the highest profitability index?

a. Radiology investment b. Cardiology investment c. Pharmacy investment d. All three are equally profitable Correct Answer: D In this case, a profitability index helps the organization prioritize investment opportunities. For each investment, divide the present value of the cash inflows by the present value of the cash outflows. The profitability index for each investment is calculated in the figure below. Each investment is equally profitable, as all three have the same profitability index of 4 (Revoir 2020, 840-841).