Domestic Violence Midterm
At what age are children most at risk for commercial sexual exploitation?
11-14
As early as ________, Puritan ministers in England spoke out against wife beating. Bringing this objection to America, the Puritans were the first to prohibit intimate partner violence through legislation. Puritan laws provided penalties for wife beating, consisting of fines, whipping, or both.
1599
The International Child Abduction Remedies Act (ICARA) enacted by Congress establishes the Hague Convention as the law of the United States concerning children less than ________ years old.
16
Blue or purple bruises are indicative of an injury:
2-5 days old
Almost ____ percent of adult male rape victims report sexual victimization before age 18
25%
In 2016 it was estimated that over ________ women and girls in the United States were at risk or had been subjected to female genital mutilation.
250,000
Bruises that are green are typically how many days old?
5 to 7
Under the harm standard one child in every ________ were found to have been abused or neglected in the United States during the NIS-4 period.
58
Female genital mutilation has been reported to occur in all parts of the world. More than ________ of women ages 15 to 49 have been mutilated in Djibouti, Egypt, Guinea, and Somalia according to UNICEF.
90%
An example of qualitative research is
A & B
From the original statue, trafficking victims protection act (TVPA, 2000), _____ is any sex act on account of which anything value is given to or received by any person.
A commercial sex act
A common practice in India is:
A female feticide
Sexual abuse that is ongoing is frequently kept secret within the family. What factor can trigger disclosure?
A younger sibling being targeted for abuse
Child physical ________ is generally defined as any non-accidental physical injury to the child.
Abuse
Emotional or psychological ________ is typically defined as injury to the psychological capacity or emotional stability of the child, as evidenced by an observable or substantial change in behavior.
Abuse
Which of the following is NOT one of the three primary categories of family violence?
Adolescent abuse
During ancient times, what burden would allow fathers to murder their own infants in a "practical killing", a practice viewed as promoting the general welfare of the society?
All of the above
Educational neglect is defined as:
All of the above
Examples of criminal activities covered under the U visa provisions include ________ incest, rape, and any substantially similar crime.
All of the above
Family violence is typically studied through this perspective:
All of the above
For a child, emotional abuse can include:
All of the above
Life Experiences that are significant in predicting IPV among young people include:
All of the above
Section 498—A of the Indian Penal Code deals with illegal cruel conduct against women. Which of the following is a type of this conduct?
All of the above
The National Crime Victimization Survey is:
All of the above
Which dishonorable act of a Muslim daughter in Afghanistan demands "punishment?"
All of the above
Which of the following is a form of quantitative research?
All of the above
Which of the following is central to the CAC model of investigation?
All of the above
Which professionals are the most common first responders to cases of child abuse and neglect?
All of the above (EMT, officers, CPS)
Which of the following is a risk factor to victimization for commercial sexual exploitation?
All of the above (history of abuse, runaway, throwaway)
Which of the following is an example of cyber dating abuse?
All of the above (reading texts, forcing cybersex, spreading rumors)
Which of the following is a behavioral indicator of child sexual abuse?
All of the above (regression, inappropriate sexual knowledge, acting out sexually with other children)
Cyber Power & Control Involves
All of the above (sexual behaviors, threatening/humiliating behaviors, controlling behaviors)
Adolescents who are victims of dating violence are more likely to
All of the above (symptoms of depression and anxiety, antisocial behaviors, consider suicide)
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) endorses the use of multidisciplinary teams with a trained forensic interviewer in cases involving:
All of the above (young children, adolescents, children)
Women were controlled by men at nearly every stage of their lives under early Greek law. This is because they were under constant supervision by their kyrios, which referred to:
An official Guardian
Within months of after the results of the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment was published mandatory ________ procedures in instances of domestic assault were adopted across the nation.
Arrest
Emotional psychological abuse involves a pattern of behavior that impairs a child's:
B and C
Albanese (2013) described the organizational structure of CSEC through three categories. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Baby selling
Awareness of the maltreatment of children came with the coining of the phrase "________" in 1962 by C. Henry Kempe.
Battered child syndrome
The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey is noted for:
Being inclusive in gathering victimization data across sexual orientations.
The Uniform Crime Reports is an example of:
Both A & B
Which research method(s) is/are used in the criminal justice field?
Both A & B (Quantitative, Qualitative)
Common goal(s) of research are:
Both A & B (general knowledge, specific problems)
The Jeanne Clery Act, also known as the Campus Security Act, requires that:
Both A and B
What is an example of a long-term impact on college students with disabilities who are victimized by intimate partner violence?
Both A and B (Depression & Self harm)
Which of the following is a commonly recommended interview approach within the trauma-informed victim approach?
Both A and B (Enhanced Cognitive Interview & Forensic Experiental Trauma Interview)
Youth who perpetrated and experienced violence were likely to have also perpetrated or experienced
Both A and B (dating violence and cyber dating abuse)
What do experts suggest the inequality of the sexes is a foundation for?
Both A and B are correct
Child protective services (CPS) are required by all states to investigate reports of:
Both A and C (abuse and neglect)
Using a cell phone or the Internet, ________ is a pattern of behaviors that control, pressure or threaten a dating partner.
Both B and C (Cyber and digital dating abuse)
The first case in either England or America to declare wife beating a right under the common law was the Mississippi Supreme Court case:
Bradley vs. State
In 1873 the Court decided in ________ v. Illinois that the laws of Illinois did not abridge any of the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States by legislating what offices and positions should be filled by men only.
Bradwell
Which of the following is a behavioral indicator of abuse?
Child fearful or unwilling to explain the cause of an injury
According to the U.S. Department of State (2017b), ________ occurs when a child (under 18 years of age) is recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, obtained, patronized, solicited, or maintained to perform a commercial sex act, proving force, fraud, or coercion is not necessary for the offense to be prosecuted as human trafficking. There are no exceptions to this rule: no cultural or socioeconomic rationalizations alter the fact that children who are exploited in prostitution are trafficking victims.
Child sex trafficking
________ defines violence against women as a strategic course of gender based abuse in which some combination of physical and sexual violence occurs
Coercive Control Theory
A ________ relationship is typically defined by blood, marriage, relationship, and cohabitation.
Colonial
An act of ________ refers to the deliberate and intentional words or overt acts that cause harm or threat of harm to a child, regardless of the intended consequences.
Commission
Originally, in Rome, the husband or father had the right to kill their wife/daughter if she:
Committed adultery
Only recently have commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of youth been categorized as forms of:
Crime
________ view family violence as a criminal assault that takes place within a legally defined domestic relationship.
Crime theorists
________ violence refers to an act by an individual that is against another individual with whom that person has or has had a dating relationship and that is intended to result in physical harm, bodily injury, assault, or sexual assault or that is a threat that reasonably places the individual in fear of imminent physical harm, bodily injury, assault, or sexual assault, but does not include defensive measures to protect oneself.
Dating
Interviews from medical personnel are an important part of the fact-gathering process when medical care has been provided because:
Doctor of nurse may not remember the specific child days or weeks after providing services
Bride burning is an example of
Dowry death
In India, which of the following is an example of violence against women in the family?
Dowry related violence
Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary types of family violence?
Economic abuse
There is usually a(n) ________ phase before the perpetrator initiates sexual contact. During this time, a relationship is being established between the victim and the offender. By the time the sexual conduct takes place, the child trusts the adult.
Engagement
________ violence theory acknowledges gender asymmetry and unjustified criminal violence, with a focus on reducing crimes by arresting the perpetrator and by introducing programs to reduce recidivism.
Family
Which family member is most likely to commit an honor killing in Afghanistan?
Father
In the Early Modern Period, Chancery courts in Britain were granted control over the general welfare and property rights of children, allowing the king to act in the best interests of the child, even if it means acting against the wishes of the parent. These courts utilized the concept of parens patriae, meaning:
Father of the people
In early 2006, it was reported that up to 10 million female fetuses were aborted in India over the past 20 years. This practice is known as:
Female Feticide
Which of the following is not a family-based theory?
Feminist sociopolitical theory
This term is also referred to as "criminal abortion".
Feticide
Girls and young women are more likely to be victims of rape, while boys and young men are more apt to experience being:
Forced into penetrating someone else
When a child is suspected of having been abused, that child is brought to the advocacy center and interviewed by a:
Forensic interviewer
Judges in Alabama were the first to recognize that a woman, in this case an emancipated slave, should be afforded the same legal protections as other citizens. The court determined that there was no privilege for a husband to beat his wife or for her to beat him.
Fulgham v. State
Which of the following is the first critical step of investigating child abuse and neglect cases?
Go to the source
The ________ standard used in the National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect study requires that an act of omission results in demonstrable harm in order to be classified as abuse or neglect. Its principal disadvantage is that it is so stringent that it provides a perspective that is too narrow for many purposes; it excludes even many children whom CPS substantiates or indicates as abused or neglected.
Harm
The National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect uses two definitional standards for its research on child abuse and neglect. These are the:
Harm and endangerment standards.
Similarly to other countries, Canada:
Has no specific offense of violence against women or spousal assault.
Which of the following is not a protective factor which promotes positive outcomes for teens?
High Intelligence
The T Visa, created in 2000, serves to provide immigration relief to victims of:
Human trafficking
A child will suffer a significant burn:
In less time than adult
The ________ of the sexes is a foundation for intimate partner violence.
Inequality
The murder of a child before his or her first birthday is known as:
Infantcicide
The commandment "Thou shalt not kill" was linked with:
Infanticide
The ________ (1993) makes it a federal offense for parents to abduct children from the United States and take them to another country (18 U.S.C. § 1204).
International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act
What form of violence is most commonly reported by women globally?
Intimate partner violence
________ refers to violence committed within an adult relationship, regardless of gender, and is part of an ongoing complex pattern of violent behavior used to gain control.
Intimate partner violence
According to the penal code in this country, "honorable motives" is a mitigating factor in serious crimes against women, including murder.
Iraq
The National Crime Victimization Survey:
Is conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Shaken Baby Syndrome:
Is the medical term used to describe the violent shaking of a child and the injuries that can occur.
________ means that the victim of sexual assault reports the incident and is given an exam with the evidence collected anonymously.
Jane Doe reporting
Which of the following is not a consequence of teen sexting
Legal charges for sexual abuse of a minor
A 2006 UN study found that ________ is not a prosecutable offense in at least 53 states.
Marital rape
Over half the offenders against children are:
Men
The ________ was the first scientifically controlled test of the effects of police response for any crime.
Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment
Under the ________ the law said that wives could be beaten, punched, and permanently disfigured for minor disobedience or "scolding."
Napoleonic Code
The major source of information on criminal victimization is called the:
National Crime Victimization Survey.
The ________, which is conducted every ten years, represents a major source of information on child abuse and neglect in the United States.
National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect
This is the first national survey to gather data on the prevalence of intimate partner violence, sexual violence, and stalking based on the self-reported sexual orientation of the individual:
National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey.
Educational ________ is when a parent fails to educate the child as required by law and to provide behavioral limits that are age-appropriate.
Neglect
Medical ________ is when a parent fails in their duty to seek necessary medical care for their children.
Neglect
________ is the concept of a parent failing to provide for the basic needs of a child.
Neglect
An act of ________ is the failure to provide for a child's basic physical, emotional, or educational needs.
Omission
Despite recent legislation, domestic violence continues to be a significant and widespread problem in Mozambique where more than ________ of women are believed to be victims of domestic violence.
One half
Referring back to history, what was recognized as the most common and enduring social system?
Patriarchy
________ refers to a social system that recognizes the complete dominance of men over women, typically strengthened by law in addition to custom and religion.
Patriarchy
Which of the following is not one of the six subcategories of neglect recognized in many states?
Permissiveness
This country has one of the highest rates of physical and sexual violence by an intimate partner in the world according to the World Health Organization in 2010.
Peru
________ is the use of force or threat of force that may result in bodily injury, physical pain, or impairment.
Physical abuse
What is believed to have been accepted under English Common Law?
Physical force and chastisement of one's wife
The British immigrants reestablished their customs of inheritance by the eldest son, called:
Primogeniture
________ is the intentional infliction of anguish, pain, or distress designed to control the victim.
Psychological abuse
A ritual in Mozambique wherein a widow must have unprotected sex with a member of her deceased husband's family or risk losing their inheritance is called:
Purification
The research approach that looks at phenomena in the natural setting and focuses on in-depth interviews or analysis of historical materials is called:
Qualitative Research
The deductive model, which uses fixed research objectives, defines the terms that are relevant for the research, follows a fixed sequence of steps, and typically measures data using numbers, is called:
Quantitative Research
The role of the first responders to child maltreatment is to ________ and provide an initial response and investigation, and to testify in court, when appropriate.
Recognize child maltreatment
To determine immigration relief status, the international ________ is defined as an individual with a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.
Refugee
The most common date rape drug used by high school and college student is
Rophypnol
________ abuse is the rape, molestation, prostitution, or other forms of sexual exploitation of children by a caretaker.
Sexual
Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners worked within a team to conduct medical forensic examinations, holding forensic evidence in a:
Sexual assault evidence kit
In France during 1791 Olympe de Gouges wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Women,
She was arrested, tried and executed for treason
The contemporary field of violence is the study of a:
Social Problem
The ________ is an integrated theory that brings together three general approaches to crime causation: social learning, unequal power relations, and personal choice theory.
Social—psychological model
In Colonial America, parents were sanctioned under ________ to put a disobedient child to death for noncompliant behaviors.
Stubborn Child Laws
The Uniform Crime Reporting System is an example of ________ research.
Survey
Which of the following is not a source of family violence data from the criminal justice system?
Survey of probation officers
In 2000, Congress created the ________ to provide immigration relief to victims of severe forms of human trafficking, the third form of immigration relief under VAWA.
T Visa
Olympe de Gouge was known for:
The Declaration of Rights of Women
Which is the most current and updated method for the official reporting of crime?
The National Incident-Based Reference Service
Polyvictimization refers to
The co-occurence of violence across multiple forms of victimization at the hands of multiple perpetrators
The earliest known body of law is:
The code of Hammurabi
The most common dangerous weapon is:
The hand
Femicide
The killing of women because of their gender.
n Hague Convention access cases:
The left-behind parent seeks enforcement of visitation rights to his or her child.
Criminal prosecution of physical abuse is more common than:
The prosecution of emotional maltreatment.
Well cited by historians of intimate partner violence, this legal rule referred to a common-law restriction on the size of the weapon to be used in punishing one's wife.
The rule of thumb
________ ascribe family violence to psychological problems such as personality disorders, the offender's childhood experiences, or biological disposition.
Theories based on individual pathology and psychology
To qualify for ________, a noncitizen must have suffered substantial physical or mental abuse as the result of certain criminal activity and be willing to cooperate with a government official in the investigation or prosecution of the criminal activity.
U Visa
Which of the following represents the official crime data that is collected and published by the FBI?
Uniform Crime Reports
Which of the following is not a step in the coercive control model?
Withholding sex and affection
The Istanbul Convention defines the term violence against ________ as a violation of human rights and a form of discrimination and shall mean all acts of gender-based violence that result in, or are likely to result in, physical, sexual, psychological, or economic harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion, or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life.
Women
Filicide is the killing of children
by parents
A provision of Mexican family violence legislation called conciliación involves:
facilitating a face to face meeting between the victim and the offender in hopes of resolution
Which of the following is not a location typical of accidental injury?
neck
Summit's characterization, referred to as ________, includes five phases common to the experiences of the child who has been sexually victimized.
the sexual abuse accommodation syndrome
The Violence Against Women Act (VWA) established ________ form(s) of immigration relief for vulnerable immigrants.
three