Dosage
Ordered 1000 mL D5W IV to infuse in 10 hours by infusion pump.
1000mL / 10hrs = 100mL/hr
Calculate the IV flow rate for 1200 mL of NS to be infused in 6 hours. The infusion set is calibrated for a drop factor of 15 gtts/mL.
1200 mL / 6 hrs x 15 gtts/mL Convert time into minutes since we are converting into gtts/min 6 hours = 360 min 1200mL/360min x 15 gtts/mL = 50 gtts/min
How many mL in a gram?
1mL = 1 g mL measures volume gram measures mass
how many cups in a pint
2 cups in a pint
how many pints in a quarts
2 pints in a quarts
How many lbs in a kg?
2.2 lbs in 1 Kg
Give patient 500 mg of dopamine in 250 mL of D5W to infuse at 20 mg/hr. Calculate the flow rate in mL/hr.
20 mg per hr / 500mg x 250 mL = 10 mL/hr
Calculate the IV flow rate for 200 mL of 0.9% NaCl IV over 120 minutes. Infusion set has drop factor of 20 gtts/mL.
200 mL/120 min x 20 gtts/mL = 33 gtts/min
Infuse 250 mL over the next 120 minutes by infusion pump
250 mL / 120 minutes = "Flow rate mL/r" Convert 120 minutes into hours 120min / 60min = 2 hours 250mL / 2 = 125mL/hour
Metroprolol (Lopressor), 25 mg PO, is ordered. Metropolol is available as 50 mg tablets. How many tablets would the nurse administer?
25mg/50mg = 0.5 tablet "half a tablet"
What is Q.I.D?
Administer 4 times a day
Amount in IV fluid questions would ask
Given a volume of IV fluid and a dosage expressed in percent, what is the mass of a particular dosage?
Mass/Liquid questions would ask
Given an amount of mass per liquid, how much liquid do you need?
Mass for Mass Questions would ask
Given the amount of mass per tablet, how many tablets do you require?
What is the measurement of Mass?
Grams mcg → mg → g → kg ( ÷ by 1,000 ) mcg ← mg ← g ← kg ( x by 1,000 ) lb → kg ( ÷ by 2.2 ) lb ← kg ( x by 2.2 )
IV Abbreviations: "RL or LR"
Lactated Ringers
What is the measurement of Volume?
Liter mcL → mL → L → kL ( ÷ by 1,000 ) mcL ← mL ← L ← kL ( x by 1,000 )
Flow Rate in IV terms?
Measure of the flow of liquid from an IV. Usually measured in gtts/minute (how many drops are released every minute) or in mL/hour (how many mL flow through each hour). gtts/minute is used for manually regulating an IV while mL/hour is used when utilizing an electronic IV regulator.
What is the measurement of Distance?
Meters mcm → mm → m → km ( ÷ by 1,000 ) mcm ← mm ← m ← km ( x by 1,000 )
(M)icro - (M)ilk - (C)hoco - (D)rinking - (B)y - (D)ied - (H)enry -(K)ing
Micro - Mili- Centi - Deci - Basic - Deca - Hecta - Kilo
IV Abbreviations: "NS"
Normal Saline 0.9% NaCl
What is P.O?
Per Oral
IV Abbreviations: "S"
Saline
What is the measurement of time?
Sec → min ( x by 60 ) min → hr ( ÷ by 60 ) min ← hr ( x by 60 )
What is B.I.D?
Twice a day
What is the formula to calculate dosage by weight?
Weight in Kg x Dosage in Kg = Y (Required Dosage)
Calculate the amount of dextrose in 1000 mL D5W.
concentration% / 100 x volume (mL) = ? 5% / 100 x 1000 = 50 g
what is the formula to convert degree's Celsius to Fahrenheit
( deg C x 1.8 ) + 32 = deg F
what is the formula to convert degree's Fahrenheit to degree's celcius
(deg F - 32) x 0.5556 = deg C
An infant weighs 4 kg. What is the required amount of fluid per day in mL?
0-10 kg 100 mL per kg
How many oz in a tea spoon
0.166667 oz in a teaspoon
How many kg in a lbs?
0.45 kg in 1 lbs
How many oz in a table spoon
0.5 oz in a table spoon
Calculate the amount of sodium chloride in 2000 mL NS. Recall NS is 0.9% NaCl (sodium chloride)
0.9% / 100 x 2000 mL = 18g
(formula) Weight in Kg * Dosage Per Kg = Y (Required Dosage) Cont. from 3A
00 kg * 6 mcg/kg/hr = 600 mcg/hr Convert 600 mcg/hr to mg/hr. mcg → mg → g → kg ( ÷ by 1,000 ) 600 ÷ 1,000 = 0.6 mg/hr 0.6 mg/hr 12.5 mg x 250 mL = 12 mL/hr
Continued from Question A. Volume (mL)/ Time (hr) = Y (flow rate in mL/hr) if you were asked to calculate the mL/hr from the previous question what would it be?
1,200mL/day (convert day into hours) 1,200mL/24hours = 50mL/hr
How many grams in an oz
28.35 g / oz
How many mL in an oz?
30 mL per oz
how many quarts in a gallon
4 quarts in a gallon
Potassium chloride is available as 10 mg per tablet. Potassium Chloride (K-Dur), 40 mg, is ordered. How many tablets would the nurse administer?
40mg/10mg = 4 tablets
Ordered Lasix 40 mg IV push now. Available: 80 mg in 1 mL. How much will the nurse draw up?
40mg/80mg x 1mL = 0.5 mL
What is D5 1/4 NS?
5% Dextrose in 0.225% in Normal Saline (Remember NS is 0.9%: divide by 1/4 to get desired NS amount)
What is "D5W"?
5% of Dextrose in Water
How many oz in a cup
8oz in a cup
What is the formula to calculate a mass of a particular dosage?
Concentration %/ 100% x volume (mL) = Y (dosage in g)
Phenytoin (Dilantin), 0.1 g PO, is ordered to be given through a nasogastric tube. Phenytoin is available as 30 mg / 5 mL. How much would the nurse administer?
Convert 0.1 g to mg. (Always convert to same units for conversion factor) mcg ← mg ← g ← kg ( x by 1,000 ) 0.1 g x 1,000 = 100 mg 100mg/30mg x 5mL = 16.7 mL
An infant weighs 30.8 lb. What is the required IV flow rate in mL/hr to maintain proper fluid levels? Continued on Question B.
Convert 30.8 lb to kg. lb → kg ( ÷ by 2.2 ) 30.8 lb ÷ 2.2 = 14 kg 10-20 kg 1,000 mL + 50 mL per each kg above 10kg 14 kg - 10 kg = 4 kg (There are 4 kg over 10 kg). 1,000 mL + (50 mL/kg x 4 kg) = 1,200 mL/day The required volume is 1,200 mL and the time is one day.
IV Abbreviations: "D"
Dextrose
What is gtts in IV terms?
Drops
What is Drop Factor in IV terms?
Number of drops per volume of IV fluid. Varies depending on the tubing used. Usually measured in gtts/mL.
What is Q.D?
Once a day
Mass/Time - IV mL Rate Questions Give an order in quantity of mass per time, determine the necessary IV flow rate in mL/hr based on the given mass per volume. These types of problems are often used in critical care nursing. What is the formula ?
Order Per Hour/Have x Volume (mL) = Y (Flow Rate in mL/hr)
What is the formula to convert Mass to Mass?
Ordered / Have = Y (Tablets Required)
Aggrastat at 12.5 mg in 250 mL is prescribed to be infused at a rate of 6 mcg/kg/hr in a patient who weighs 100 kg. At what flow rate in mL/hr will you set the pump? Question to 3A
Ordered Per Hour/ Have x Volume (mL) = Y (Flow Rate in mL/hr) The first step is to convert the order per time to the amount required for this particular patient. This is a Dosage By Weight Question. 100 kg is the weight in kg and 6 mcg/kg/hr is a dosage in terms of kg. Cont. 3A
What is the formula to convert mass / liquid?
Ordered/ Have x volume per have = Y (Liquid -Required)
This is now an ordinary Mass/Liquid For Liquid Question. 51 mg is ordered and the medication is available as 125 mg / 2 mL. Continue from Question 1A
Ordered/Have x Volume Per Have = Y (Liquid Required) 51mg / 125mg x 2mL = 0.82 mL
What is the formula to calculate Volume/Time - IV mL Rate
Volume "mL" / Time "hr" = Y "flow rate in mL/hr"
What is the formula to calculate Volume/Time IV drop rate (gtts)
Volume "mL" / Time "hr" x Drop Factor (gtts/mL) (Flow rate in gtts/min"
IV Abbreviations: "W"
Water
Fluid Maintenance Requirement Questions Given the weight of a child or infant, calculate the necessary amount of fluid per day. Different hospitals may have different policies, but for learning how to perform these pediatric dosage calculations, the following commonly used table of fluid requirements may be used.
Weight Range Required Daily Fluid 0-10 kg 100 mL per kg 10-20 kg 1,000 mL + 50 mL per each kg above 10 kg 20-70 kg 1,500 mL + 20 mL per each kg above 20 kg Over 70 kg 2,500 mL (adult requirement)
A doctor orders 200 mg of Rocephin to be taken by a 15.4 lb infant every 8 hours. The medication label shows that 75-150 mg/kg per day is the appropriate dosage range. Is this doctor's order within the desired range?
Weight in Kg * Dosage Per Kg = Y (Required Dosage) Convert 15.4 lb to kg. lb → kg ( ÷ by 2.2 ) 15.4 lb ÷ 2.2 = 7 kg 7 kg * 75 mg/kg = 525 mg (Minimum Desired Dosage) 7 kg * 150 mg/kg = 1,050 mg (Maximum Desired Dosage) 24 hours in one day and the medication is ordered every 8 hours. 24 hrs / 8 hrs = 3 times per day doctor ordered medication 200 * 3 = 600 mg ordered per day 600 mg is within the desired range of 525-1,050 mg Yes doctor has ordered a dosage within the desired range.
Solumedrol 1.5 mg/kg is ordered for a child weighing 74.8 lb. Solumedrol is available as 125 mg / 2mL. How many mL must the nurse administer? Continue to question 1B
Weight in Kg * Dosage Per Kg = Y (Required Dosage) Convert 74.8 lb to kg. lb → kg ( ÷ by 2.2 ) 74.8 lb ÷ 2.2 = 34 kg 34 kg * 1.5 mg/kg = 51 mg
Convert 44 lb to kg
lb → kg ( ÷ by 2.2 ) 44 lb ÷ 2.2 = 20 kg
Convert 0.003 L to mcL.
mcL ← mL ← L ← kL ( x by 1,000 ) 0.003 L x 1,000 = 3 mL (To get from mL to mcL) you need to: 3 mL x 1,000 = 3,000 mcL
Convert 5,000 mcg to mg.
mcg → mg → g → kg ( ÷ by 1,000 ) 5,000 mcg ÷ 1,000 = 5 mg
Convert 5 hours to minutes.
min ← hr ( x by 60 ) 5 hr x 60 = 300 min
