Dynamic Structure of Earth Test

Energy is the ability to do _____. The study of energy and its changing forms is called _____.

work thermodynamics

Mr. Goldsmith suggested that animals must capture energy from their environment. An example of this would be _____.

a rabbit eating grass

The four main spheres of Earth are the ______.

atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere

You can follow the flow energy in an ecosystem by following its food _____ or _____.

chain web

Identify the fossil fuel that is derived from plants.

coal

The earth's interior heat and pressure drive a process of heat transfer in the mantle called _____.

convection

During the process of subduction, the cooling process increases the _____ of the crust.

density

In the tectonic cycle, new but recycled lithosphere rises to the ground at _____ boundaries and can be subducted at _____ boundaries.

divergent convergent

In the hydrologic cycle, water from the ocean_____ into the atmosphere where it can _____ and change back into tiny water droplets.

evaporates condense

In the hydrologic cycle, after water precipitates to the surface, it can return to the surface, it can return to the atmosphere by processes of _____.

evaporation and transpiration

During convention, hot material _____ then moves to the side and _____. This circular pattern is called the a convention current.

expands and rises cools and sinks

During the carbon cycle, carbon cycles from plants through the _____ then recycles back into the soil by _____ like fungi and bacteria.

food chain decomposers

In the phosphorus cycle, phosphorus can recycle through waste products, decomposition, and _____ of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

food chains

In the rock cycle, rocks can change into three different forms. These are _____.

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

The atmosphere provides biosphere with necessary gases to live and breathe. This is an example of how Earth's sphere are _____

interdependent

Phosphorus isn't as as abundant as nitrogen or carbon because it is contained the _____ and released with _____ processes, which can take a long time.

lithosphere geological

Why are geochemical and biochemical cycles so important?

maintains a balance of Earth's materials essential for all natural processes

Starting from the center of the earth, number the layers in the correct order Crust (lithosphere) _____ outer core _____ lower mantle _____ inner core _____ upper mantle (asthenosphere) _____

5 2 3 1 4

During the rock cycle, rocks get broken down apart by weathering, carried along by erosion, and eventually deposited in a body of water. What next?

Compaction and cementation into sedimentary rock, then heat and pressure into metamorphic rock

Approximately how much energy is transferred from one step in a food chain to the next?

10 percent

1) Convergent 2) Divergent 3) Transform fault

1) car crash in a head on collision 2) lovebirds part and go separate ways 3) rubbing your hands together

1) Hydrolic 2) Rock 3) Tectonic 4) Carbon 5) Nitrogen 6) Phosphorus

1) it's all about water 2) erosion, deposition, metamorphism 3) subduction, uplift, and mantle convention 4) photosynthesis and respiration

1) convergent 2)divergent 3) transform

1) ocean trenches and mountains 2) ocean ridges and rift valleys 3) tremors and earthquakes

1) inner core 2) outer core 3) low mantle 4) upper mantle (asthenosphere) 5) crust (lithosphere)

1)Made of solid iron around 1,200 km thick. Temperature about 7,000 2) Very dense liquid of iron and sulfur about 2,250 km thick 3) Solid rock about 2,200 km thick. Temperature is about 850 4) Solid rock about 720 km thick that flows from plasticity. Temp is about 850 5) Plates that average about 30 km in thickness and 25 in temp

_____ found evidence that the continents were joined together at one time.

Alfred Wegener

The _____ law of thermodynamics state that energy can't be created or destroyed. Two natural sources of energy on Earth are the _____.

First, Sun and core of earth

Choose the pieces of evidence that supported the existence of Pangea and continental drift theory.

Fossilized plants and animals of the same species found on separate continents Geological features, such as mountain ranges, that align on matching coasts of different continents

The continents at one time were one supercontinent called _____. This supercontinent was surrounded by an ocean called _____.

Pangea Panthalassa

Which of the following are processes of nitrogen and ammonia conversion that makes nitrogen absorbable by plants

nitrogen fixation, ammonification, and nitrification

Identify the fossil fuel

oil

The lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere like glass on clay. When the clay moves, the class moves. The movement of the lithosphere is _____.

plate tectonics

What do the geochemical and biochemical cycles do?

process chemicals through multiple stages in living and nonliving things recycle old matter into new matter.

In the nitrogen cycle, once a consumer gains nitrogen nutrients from animals or plants. It recycles these nutrients back to the earth by _____.

releasing waste and decomposition

Carbon is released into the atmosphere by _____

respiration and burning of fossil fuel and wood

When energy is transformed, some is used, but most is released as unusual able heat energy, according to the _____ law of thermodynamics.

second

Plants absorb water from the soil to live and grow. This is an example of _____ of the biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.

sphere interaction