EARTH SCIENCE - EXAM 1 REVIEW
The Milky Way is ______________ light years in diameter.
100.000
How much of the water on each is fresh water?
3%
The currently accepted age of Earth is approximately _________ years.
4.6 BILLIONS
What is the current population on Earth, and why is this a concern?
7.1 BILLION - THEY ALL NEED RECOURSES
Ocean covers about ______ of earths surface
71%
Ocean contains about ______ of earths water
97%
Which process formed the planets by collisions of planetestimals
ACCRETION
Relatively small bodies which generally orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter are called _____.
ASTEROIDS
The _______ refers to the sum total of all life on Earth
BIOSPHERE
The final stage for a star which is as massive as the Sun is a __________.
BLACK DWARF
A star in which light cannot escape because of the immense gravitation pull at its surface is called a _____________.
BLACK HOLE
The most dense stars (or stellar remnants) known to exist are _________.
BLACK HOLES
These stars are produced during supernova event.
BLACK HOLES AND NEUTRON STARS
Hubble's law states that the galaxies are receding from us at a speed that is proportional to their ___________________.
DISTANCE
Pluto is now classified as a __________ in our solar system
DWARF PLANET
Terrestrial planets are
EARTH-LIKE
The solar system includes
EVERYTHING THAT ORBITS THE SUN
Atmosphere
Earth, air, gases
_______________ are found both on Mars and Earth
Erosional features related to flowing water
Non renewable ex:
Examples: Metal & fossil fuels like coal and gasoline
Meteorites disintegrate and burn up as shooting stars, meteors survive an impact event and a trip through Earth's atmosphere.
FALSE
The red shift refers to the tendency of stars to cool and become red in color.
FALSE
The Study of Earth (specifically the surface and interior( is known as)
GEOLOGY
A _______ is a tentative or untested explanation that is proposed to explain scientific observations
HYPOTHESIS
__________ HAS THE GREAT RED SPOT ON ITS SURFACE.
JUPITER
The distance light travels in a year called a(n) __________, is used by astronomers to measure stellar distance.
LIGHT YEAR
Biosphere
Life / living
Which of these lunar features in the oldest?
Lunar Highlands
vast, circular to eliptical dark-colored smooth areas of the moon are called
Lunar Maria
Most stars are in this stage of evolution.
MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR
The sun belongs to this class of stars.
MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR
Although it is the fastest planet to orbit the Sun, this planet rotates on its axis very slowly. This causes extremely hot temperatures on one side (while facing the Sun) and extremely cold temperatures on the other side (while not facing the sun.
MERCURY
What is the correct order for the planets starting near the sun.
MERCURY, VENUS, EARTH, MARS, JUPITER, SATURN, URANUS AND NEPTUNE
The study of Earths atmosphere is known as
METEOROLOGY
Our galaxy is called the ____________.
MILKY WAY
The terrestrial planets are _________________.
Made of rock and metal
The name applied to large quantities of interstellar dust and gas ___________.
NEBULA
The __________ Explains how our solar system formed from a giant cloud of gases and disappeared solid particles.
NEBULAR THEORY
Stars that are composed of matter in which electrons have combined with protons are called
NEUTRON STARS
The largest known volcano in the solar system is ___________.
Olympus Mous on Mars
Which of the following are considered renewable resources?
PLANTS, ENERGY FROM WATER, ENERGY FROM WIND.
When a main-sequence star has exhausted the fuel in the inner region, it becomes a _________.
RED GIANT
During the formation of our solar system what material was found closer in near the protosun for the Nebular disk.
ROCK & METAL
Geosphere
Rock, surface & down
Where is most of the mass of the Solar system
SUN
The period of time required for the Moon to complete one cycle of phases is called the ______ month
Synodic
The discovery that the universe appears to be expanding led to a widely accepted theory called _____________
THE BIG BANG
Based on the observed red shifts in the spectral lines of distant galaxies, astronomers conclude that __________.
THE UNIVERSE IS EXPANDING
A _________ is a well tested and widely accepted view that best explains certain scientific observation
THEORY
When a hypothesis has survived extensive scrutiny and when competing ones have been eliminated, a hypothesis may be elevated to the status of ______________.
THEORY
A galaxy that is blue shifted would be moving ________
TOWARDS US
Most galaxies in the universe are moving away from us.
TRUE
The Milky Way is classified as a spiral galaxy.
TRUE
The Sun is about 5 Billion years old
TRUE
The outer planets are made primarily of hydrogen gas
TRUE
The same side of the Moon always visible from Earth
True
The only planet in the solar system whose axis of rotation lies close to its equatorial plane (tipped on its side) is ________.
URANUS
The hight surface temperatures of this planet have been attributed to the greenhouse effect
VENUS
The surface features of _________ are known only through satellite radar mapping due to this planet's thick atmosphere not letting visible light through.
VENUS
The pont in stellar evolution when a star has used up all its fuel and is radiating away its remaining thermal energy as light is the __________ stage.
WHITE DWARF
Hydrosphere
Water
how did the lunar maria most likely originate
huge impact basins were nearly filled with basaltic lava flows
Renewable resources ex:
plants, energy from water, energy from wind
Most of the moons craters were produced by
the impact of debris (meteoroids)
