Earth Science Regents Honors Chapter 1 Review

3. Observed properties to group objects with similar characteristics

A classification system is based on the use of 1. The human senses to infer properties of objects 2. Instruments to infer properties of objects 3. Observed properties to group objects with similar characteristics 4. Inferences to make observations

3. Heat

A major argument against the construction of nuclear-powered electric generation stations is the claim that they pollute bodies of water by discharging large quantities of 1. Noise 2. Carbon dioxide 3. Heat 4. Ozone

2. Direct comparison to a known standard

A measurement is best defined as 1. An inference made by using the human senses 2. Direct comparison to a known standard 3. An interpretation based on theory 4. A group of inferred properties

4. An inference

A prediction of next winter's weather is an example of 1. A measurement 2. A classification 3. An observation 4. An inference

2. 11 percent

A student finds the density of an ice cube to be 0.80 g/cm squared, it is actually 0.90 g/cm squared. What is the percent deviation (percent error) in this calculation? 1. 6 percent 2. 11 percent 3. 13 percent 4. 88 percent

3. 10 percent

A student measures the mass of object B as 156 g, but the actual mass is 173 g. What is the student's approximate percent deviation (percentage of error)? 1. 1 percent 2. 5 percent 3. 10 percent 4. 20 percent

2. 17 %

A student measures the velocity of the water in a stream as 2.5 meters per second. The actual velocity of the water is 3.0 meters per second. What is the approximate percent deviation of the student's measurements? 1. 0.50 % 2. 17 % 3. 20 % 4. 50 %

2. It has approximately the same density as B

A third object is made of the same uniform material as object B, but it has twice the volume of object B. How does the density of this third object compare to the density of object B? 1. It is one-half as dense as B 2. It has approximately the same density as B 3. It is twice as dense as B 4. It is four times as dense as B

1. The calculated density value would be greater (without the chipping)

After the mass of a mineral was measured, the mineral sample was dropped and a piece chipped off the sample before the volume of the sample was measured. How would the calculated value of the sample's density compare to the value of the density of the sample if it had not been chipped? 1. The calculated density value would be greater (without the chipping) 2. The calculated density value would be less (without the chipping) 3. The calculated density value would be the same (without the chipping)

3. 0.8 g/mL

An empty 250 mL beaker has a mass of 60 g. When 100 mL of oil is added to the beaker, the total mass is 140 g. The density of the oil is approximately 1. 1.7 g/mL 2. 1.4 g/mL 3. 0.8 g/mL 4. 0.6 g/mL

1. A zone of contact between different substances across which energy is exchanged

An interface can best be described as 1. A zone of contact between different substances across which energy is exchanged 2. A region in the environment with unchanging properties 3. A process that results in changes in the environment 4. A region beneath the surface of Earth where change is not occurring

4. Cyclic and collected over long periods of time

Future changes in the environment can best be predicted from data that are 1. Highly variable and collected over long periods of time 2. Highly variable and collected over long periods of time 3. Cyclic and collected over short periods of time 4. Cyclic and collected over long periods of time

3. The mass of B is the same as the mass of A

How does the mass of object B compare to the mass of object A? 1. The mass of B is less than the mass of A 2. The mass of B is greater than the mass of A 3. The mass of B is the same as the mass of A

2. A project to straighten out a river causes flooding at a city downstream

Humans can cause rapid changes in the environment that may result in catastrophic events. Which statement below is the best example of this? 1. Concrete and brick buildings cause a city to absorb more heat than surrounding areas do 2. A project to straighten out a river causes flooding at a city downstream 3. A new housing development uses well water, causing the water table level to drop 4. Streetlights make it more difficult to observe stars and planets at night near a city

2. It is twice its original density

If pressure is applied to a rock until its volume is reduced by one half, how does its new density compare to its original density? 1. It is half its original density 2. It is twice its original density 3. It is the same as its original density 4. It is one-third its original density

4. The rock is black and shiny

In the classroom during a visual inspection of a rock, a student recorded four statements about the rock. Which statement about the rock is an observation? 1. The rock formed deep in Earth's interior 2. The rock cooled very rapidly 3. The rock dates from the Cambrian Period 4. The rock is black and shiny

4. Classification

Organizing information in a meaningful way is an example of 1. Prediction 2. Measurement 3. Observation 4. Classification

2. Volume

The amount of space a substance occupies is its 1. Mass 2. Volume 3. Density 4. Weight

3. Predictable changes

The rising and setting of the sun are examples of 1. Noncyclic events 2. Unrelated events 3. Predictable changes 4. Random motion

2. The senses

To make observations, an observer must always use 1. Experiments 2. The senses 3. Proportions 4. Mathematical calculations

2. Density

Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, three different samples of the same uniform substance will have the same 1. Shape 2. Density 3. Mass 4. Volume

3. The properties of a system are altered

What always happens when a change occurs? 1. Pollution is produced 2. The temperature of a system increases 3. The properties of a system are altered 4. Dynamic equilibrium is reached

2. Pollutants

When organisms, sounds, and radiation added to the environment reach a level that harms people, these factors are referred to as environmental 1. Interfaces 2. Pollutants 3. Phase changes 4. Equilibrium exchanges

1. Dynamic equilibrium

Which condition exists when the rates of water flowing into and out of a lake are balanced so that the lake's depth appears to be constant? 1. Dynamic equilibrium 2. Transpiration 3. Precipitation 4. Saturation

1. Solar

Which energy source is LEAST likely to pollute the environment? 1. Solar 2. Petroleum 3. Coal 4. Wood

3. The quantity of matter the object contains

Which is the best definition for the mass of an object? 1. The amount of space the object occupies 2. Its ratio of weight to volume 3. The quantity of matter the object contains 4. The force of gravity acting on the object

3. Dynamite blasting

Which of the following is NOT a natural hazard? 1. Blizzard 2. Flood 3. Dynamite blasting 4. Asteroid impact

3. Finding alternate sources and materials to replace natural petroleum products

Which of the following statements is an example of a way of conserving our natural resources? 1. Opening new mines for valuable metals that are running out 2. Using well water in desert areas for growing crops and building golf courses 3. Finding alternate sources and materials to replace natural petroleum products 4. Building industrial plants in natural parks where they are away from populated areas

4. Stars are grouped according to color

Which statement best illustrates a classification system? 1. A glacier melts at the rate of one meter per year 2. Ocean depths are measured using sound waves 3. Snowfall predictions for winter storms vary 4. Stars are grouped according to color

3. It is usually in equilibrium but easy to change on a small scale

Which statement is true about the environment of most of Earth? 1. It is usually greatly unbalanced 2. It is usually in equilibrium and hard to change 3. It is usually in equilibrium but easy to change on a small scale 4. It is normally heavily polluted by natural occurrences

1. The rock is of igneous origin

Which statement made by a student after examining a rock specimen is an inference? 1. The rock is of igneous origin 2. The rock has rounded edges 3. The rock is light-colored 4. The rock contains large fragments