Educ 181

90% of the brain is developed by ___. A. 5 years old B. 50 years old C. 15 years old D. 1 year old

A. 5 years old

An example of qualitative research is: A. A researcher conducts interviews with children and families to highlight family experiences in the foster care system. B. A researcher issues a 20 item likert-scale survey to 500 undergrads to research rates of social media use. C. A researcher conducts a study on the effect of an elementary math intervention on state math scores. D. A researcher conducts a review of adoption rates within the North Carolina foster care system.

A. A researcher conducts interviews with children and families to highlight family experiences in the foster care system.

ACE stands for: A. Adverse Childhood Experiences B. Atypical Critical Experiences C. Adverse Critical Experiences D. Atypical Childhood Experiences

A. Adverse Childhood Experiences

Which theorist renamed social learning theory to social cognitive theory? A. Albert Bandura B. Jean Piaget C. John Watson D. Lev Vygotsky

A. Albert Bandura

What are the characteristics of Piaget's preoperational thought stage? A. Child learns to use symbols such as words and numbers to represent aspects of the world, but relates the world only through his or her perspective B. Infant's knowledge of the world is based on senses and motor skills C. Child understands and applies logical operations to experiences, provided that they are focused on the here and now D. Adolescent or adult thinks abstractly, deals with hypothetical situations, and speculates about what may be possible

A. Child learns to use symbols such as words and numbers to represent aspects of the world, but relates the world only through his or her perspective

Which of the following has been associated with increased academic performance, self-esteem, positive mood, classroom behavior, attention and memory in middle childhood? A. Exercise and physical play B. Weekly sessions with a counselor C. Reduced recess time D. Earlier start times in elementary school

A. Exercise and physical play

The Abecedarian project, which followed individuals over time from infancy through age 35, is an example of what type of developmental research study? A. Longitudinal Study B. Cross-Sectional Study C. Cross-Sequential Study D. Experimental Study

A. Longitudinal Study

Dr. Imani is attempting to determine whether people with schizophrenia were victims of trauma, or whether there was a genetic link to past family history of schizophrenia. Her research is most concerned with which issue of human development? A. Nature vs. Nurture B. Continuity vs. Discontinuity C. Biological vs. Genetic D. Universal vs. Context-Specific

A. Nature vs. Nurture

A child is presented a toy in front of them. The parent than covers the toy with a towel, and the child proceeds to lift the towel to find the toy. What cognitive development skill has the child developed? A. Object Permanence B. Self-awareness C. proximal development D. Symbolic Functions

A. Object Permanence

Which cognitive-developmental theory believes that individuals develop in discrete phases? A. Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development B. Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development C. Information Processing Theory D. All of the Above

A. Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development

Identify which item is considered to be a major risk factor affecting child development? A. Poverty B. Being raised by grandparents C. Living in an urban setting D. Having no siblings

A. Poverty

Emily is 4 years old. Her family experiences food insecurity due to poverty, and she has been diagnosed with mild intellectual disability. What is one research-backed option that can assist with improving her outcomes later in life? A. Quality early childhood education B. Receiving home-based childcare services only C. Starting kindergarten at a later age D. Attachment support

A. Quality early childhood education

Henry is conducting a study in which he is utilizing numerical data and statistical analyses to test his research question. What type of researcher is Henry? A. Quantitative Researcher B. Qualitative Researcher C. Observational Researcher D. All of the Above

A. Quantitative Researcher

What refers to the strategy researchers use to recruit participants? A. Sampling Technique B. Sampling Evaluation C. Sampling Outcome D. Sampling Measure

A. Sampling Technique

What is one aspect of quantitative data? A. Research includes verbal and textual data B. Conclusions are interpreted through statistics C. Interested in gathering information from a small number of data sources D. Data is subjective and is gathered through the lens of the researcher

B. Conclusions are interpreted through statistics

A young child learns how to use a spoon to feed himself cereal and draw lines on a paper using a crayon. This is an example of: A. Gross motor development B. Fine motor development C. Object Permanence Development D. Brain Development

B. Fine motor development

Language, cognition, and attention are all examples of: A. Physical aspects of development B. Intellectual aspects of development C. Emotional aspects of development D. Standard aspects of development

B. Intellectual aspects of development

Little Johnny is having extreme difficulty with reading in the first grade despite his teacher's efforts to read more with him. His parents should consider having him assessed for ____________________. A. ADHD B. Learning Disability in Reading C. Autism Spectrum Disorder D. Speech and Language Disorder

B. Learning Disability in Reading

When playing with your 12-month old niece, she gets a hold of your cell phone. Frustrated, you hide it behind your back and hope she forgets about it. To your surprise, she doesn't and reaches behind your back to retrieve the phone. Your niece has developed: A. Sense of self B. Object permanence C. Theory of mind D. Gross motor skills

B. Object permanence

You play peek a boo with your child. They enjoy playing because they forget that you are there when you cover your face. Which human development theory is associated with this activity? A. Bandura's Social Cognitive theory: self-efficacy and observational learning B. Piaget's four stages of cognitive development C. Erickson's psychodynamic theory D. Bronfenbrenner's Ecological approach

B. Piaget's four stages of cognitive development

Xavier is conducting a study in which he utilizes participants' verbal and textual data, and he analyzes the participants' actual words. What type of researcher is Xavier? A. Quantitative Researcher B. Qualitative Researcher C. Observational Researcher D. All of the Above

B. Qualitative Researcher

Which theory emphasizes that language is an essential tool for how we learn? A. Attachment Theory B. Sociocultural Theory C. Social Exchange Theory D. Psycho Sexual Theory

B. Sociocultural Theory

Yacef is interested in determining whether children develop virtually the same way in Algeria as they do in other parts of the world. Yacef's research deals primarily with the issue of human development. A. Psychological versus biological forces B. Universal versus context-specific development C. Nature versus nurture D. Continuity versus discontinuity

B. Universal versus context-specific development

By age 5, there is a disparity in the number of _____________ that poor children are exposed to compared to children from higher income families. A. Caregivers B. Words C. Health risks D. Biological factors

B. Words

HDFS explores the dynamics between people within their __________________ as well as those between __________________________________ and the greater world (same word goes in both lines). A. cultures B. families C. society D. discipline

B. families

Children's self-concept is strongly influenced by: A. Family B. Peers C. Both family and peers D. Neither family nor peers

C. Both family and peers

Relationships, motivation, and affect (feelings), are all examples of: A. Physical aspects of development B. Intellectual aspects of development C. Emotional aspects of development D. Standard aspects of development

C. Emotional aspects of development

Skills or abilities learned during middle childhood, such as more complex problem-solving, improved ability to pay attention, and increased memory capacity, are referred to as _________________ functions. A. Enhanced B. Exhibited C. Executive D. Exceptional

C. Executive

What is family systems theory? A. Families and individuals are influenced by their ecological systems in which they live; theory introduced by Urie Bronfenbrenner B. The family and societal systems influences an individual and subsequent behaviors; theory introduced by Sigmund Freud C. Families are systems of interconnected and interdependent individuals; theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen D. Children learn through family behavior; theory introduced by Albert Bandura

C. Families are systems of interconnected and interdependent individuals; theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen

All of the following are true about HDFS except: A. HDFS studies both individuals within families and families compromising individuals. B. HDFS is a "discovery major". C. HDFS does not use a multidisciplinary approach. D. HDFS is the study of how humans change over time as well as the study of family form/function.

C. HDFS does not use a multidisciplinary approach.

According to your text, at what point does bullying most occur? A. adults B. preschool C. Middle childhood D. College age

C. Middle childhood

Services for children birth to 3 years old provided in the home, clinic, or child care center are provided through which part of IDEA? A. Part A B. Part B C. Part C D. Part D

C. Part C

Which is not considered an increasingly important feature for middle childhood friendships? A. Intimacy B. Loyalty C. Proximity D. Supportiveness

C. Proximity

Bullying involves ____________________ infliction of verbal, relational, or physical aggression toward a less powerful individual. A. The occassional B. The seldom C. The repeated D. A one time

C. The repeated

Which of the following can be severely underdeveloped in children with autism spectrum disorders? A. Object permanence B. Height C. Theory of mind D. All of the above

C. Theory of mind

Which theorist coined the phrase, the "zone of proximal development"? A. Erikson B. Piaget C. Vygotsky D. Bowen

C. Vygotsky

What is the stage in Erickson's Psychosocial Theory that applies to learning basic skills and learning how to work with others? A. identity vs identity confusion B. generativity vs. stagnation C. industry vs inferiority D. Shame vs. boldness

C. industry vs inferiority

Which of the following is not a part of Bronfenbrenner's ecological approach? A. ecosystem B. microsystem C. intersystem D. mesosystem

C. intersystem

Positive social interactions with parents and caregivers influence a child's: A. Brain Development B. Attachment C. Social Development D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

The social learning theory argues individuals learn through: A. Motivation B. Repetition C. Modeling D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

Parental involvement in middle childhood includes: A. Volunteering at school events B. Communicating with teachers C. Participating in the PTA/PTO D. All of the above

D. All of the above

A child is born premature. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with this? A. Low birth weight B. Developmental delays C. Cognitive issues D. Insecure attachment

D. Insecure attachment

Which of the following is an example of an improved fine motor skill seen during childhood? A. Running faster B. Turning cartwheels C. Climbing higher D. Pouring a glass of juice

D. Pouring a glass of juice

The understanding that other people have thoughts, feelings, ideas, plans, and beliefs different from our own is called _________. A. Self-efficacy B. Temperament C. Attachment D. Theory of mind

D. Theory of mind

What best describes Vygotsky's zone of proximal development? A. focusing on rewards and consequences B. None of the above C. splitting the environment into four systems D. the gap between actual and potential development

D. the gap between actual and potential development

Because of their young age, brains of young children underproduce brain synapses. A. True B. False

False

Cognitive developmental theorists agree that all individuals reach the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. A. True B. False

False

HDFS, Psychology, and Sociology are distinct areas of study, and there is no overlap in the skills that the bachelor's programs tend to cultivate and to desire in their students. A. True B. False

False

Physical growth across the 5-6 years in middle childhood is much faster in comparison to early childhood and adolescence A. True B. False

False

Physical, Intellectual and Emotional development all occur independently of one another. A. True B. False

False