EDUC 307 FINAL

The formative assessment cycle begins with a. A clear understanding of the learning objectives b. A clear assessment plan for several, repeated assessments c. Student interest in charting their own progress

a. A clear understanding of the learning objectives

What is the key to a balanced argument system? a. All assessments support the same learning objectives b. Assessments start out easy and get progressively more difficult c. Teachers design the district's assessment system

a. All assessments support the same learning objectives

Which of the following assessment formats is the LEAST relevant to summative evaluation of students? a. Anecdotal records b. Multiple-choice tests c. Performance assessments

a. Anecdotal records

With regard to the revised Bloom's taxonomy of learning objectives, the statement, "The student will be use the Pythagorean theorem to solve right triangle problems," is an example of what cognitive process? a. Apply b. Analyze c. Understand

a. Apply

Which of the following will be the best technique for the assessment of students' work? a. Comprehensive tests b. Short quizzes c. Homework

a. Comprehensive tests

Which of the following will be the best technique for the summative assessment of students' work? a. Comprehensive tests b. Short quizzes c. Homework

a. Comprehensive tests

Which of the following item formats is the best to use to assess "analyze" types of learning objectives? a. Essay items b. multiple-choice c. short-answer items

a. Essay items

A student is having trouble using your feedback to revise work. You are sure the feedback is clearly written. What should you do? a. Help the student clarify the learning target. b. Give the student more time to work on the revisions. c. Encourage the student to try harder

a. Help the student clarify the learning target.

In general, which of the following assessment alternatives would yield thg he most valid results for purpose of formative assessment of students? a. Interviewing students individually b. Questioning students during instruction c. Best work portfolios

a. Interviewing students individually

Which of the following is a major weakness of a growth and learning portfolio in formative assessment? a. The results may be inconsistent from the teacher to teacher b. Requires a teacher to have a high level of knowledge to diagnose students' problems c. Covers broad segments of a students' learning

a. The results may be inconsistent from the teacher to teacher

A test-retest reliability coefficient is a measure of the change in students' relative standing in a group from one administration of a test to another. a. True b. False

a. True

Any time a teacher measures the performance of students, the teacher tests the students. a. True b. False

a. True

If you cannot state the action you will take by using the students' assessment results, you are creating a poor assessment plan. a. True b. False

a. True

It is possible for feedback to have no effect on student learning. a. True b. False

a. True

Test scores that are highly valid are necessarily reliable. a. True b. False

a. True

The depth of students' learning depends both on how students are taught and on how they are assessed. a. True b. False

a. True

When you measure a students' performance, you are assessing them. a. True b. False

a. True

Which pair of practices BEST shows responsible behavior in scoring assessments? a. Use of scoring key or rubrics, prompt feedback to students. b. Detailed feedback to students, willingness to raise low scores for students who tried hard c. Scoring based on informed personal feedback on demand

a. Use of scoring key or rubrics, prompt feedback to students.

Which of the following comments is an example of cognitive feedback? a. You missed a lot of the problems about subtracting mixed numbers. b. Nicely done! This is tremendous work. c. You got a B. I'm sure you'll get an A next time.

a. You missed a lot of the problems about subtracting mixed numbers.

Taxonomy means the same as a. classification b. selection c. organization

a. classification

Reliability refers to the a. consistency of the test scores. b. relevancy of the test scores. c. usefulness of the test scores.

a. consistency of the test scores.

Evidence that a social studies test adequately samples a specific area of the social studies curriculum is called a. content-related evidence b. substantive evidence c. external structure evidence

a. content-related evidence

Evidence that a social studies test adequately samples a specific area of the social studies curriculum is called a. content-related evidence b. substantive evidence c. external structure evidence

a. content-related evidence

For which item format do students have the least probability of answering correctly solely by guessing randomly? a. fill-in-the-blank b. true-false c. matching d. multiple-choice

a. fill-in-the-blank

A weakness of typical teacher-made tests is that they tend to focus on assessing a. lower level thinking skills b. applications of knowledge to real life situations c. only verbal expression of knowledge

a. lower level thinking skills

What is a growth and learning progress portfolio? a. A selection of only the student's best works demonstrating achieving the learning objectives b. A sample of a student's work showing changes in achieving the learning objectives c. A chart showing students' growth and development over a period of time

b. A sample of a student's work showing changes in achieving the learning objectives

Which of the following procedures should a general science teacher use to help validate her end-of-year classroom grades? a. Use the end-of-year test as a criterion b. Compare the grades with students' test performance on several different assessments over the year c. Correlate the scores from the first of the end-of-year test with scores from the second half

b. Compare the grades with students' test performance on several different assessments over the year

A good strategy for teaching students how to do self-assessment is to pass out a simple checklist and ask them to use it on one of their assignments. a. True b. False

b. False

A standardized achievement test provides good diagnostic information to the teacher. a. True b. False

b. False

A student's true score in a student does not change with the test questions the teacher asks. a. True b. False

b. False

A student's true score on a test is not related to the specific questions appearing on the test. a. True b. False

b. False

Achievement tests that accompany curriculum materials are usually of higher quality than teacher-made items. a. True b. False

b. False

An assessment useful for diagnosis of learning deficits is likely to be useful also for purposes of assigning let grades. a. True b. False

b. False

If a student had a good command of a learning objective, you should expect that the student would answer a test item were worded rather ambiguously. a. True b. False

b. False

Immediate feedback works best works for learning al different kinds of knowledge and skills. a. True b. False

b. False

In classroom assessment, fill-in-the-blank items are typically scored with the same objectively as multiple-choice items. a. True b. False

b. False

In classroom assessment, it is acceptable if a few test items are focused on minor points of content. a. True b. False

b. False

In classroom assessment, it is of very little importance if students use their knowledge of flaws in the items to answer them correctly. a. True b. False

b. False

It is a professional assessment responsibility of teachers to change their students' test results to reflect the teachers' belief about what the students are capable of doing. a. True b. False

b. False

Researches have demonstrated that most teachers know how to evaluate the quality of test items without to take special courses in assessment. a. True b. False

b. False

Test scores that are highly reliable are necessarily valid. a. True b. False

b. False

Test scores that have a high degree of reliability (e.g., .90) are also valid. a. True b. False

b. False

The analysis of knowledge structure approach to diagnosis requires the teacher to focus an mistakes and error a student makes. a. True b. False

b. False

To evaluate students' performance in mathematics, a teacher must measure the students in mathematics. a. True b. False

b. False

Which of the following is not a known benefit of good use of formative assessment strategies? a. Increased achievement odd stated learning goals b. Increased compliance with classroom rules c. Increased motivation for learning d. Increased involvement in one's own learning

b. Increased compliance with classroom rules

Which of the following approaches is at the right level of specificity for a student who has a few errors in comma usage on a one-page composition? a. "Watch commas!" b. Mark each place where a comma is needed and ask the student to write a "good copy" of the paper c. "See if you can find and fix three comma faults in this paper."

b. Mark each place where a comma is needed and ask the student to write a "good copy" of the paper

How can a teacher attain a high level of consistency in scoring his/her assessment tasks? a. Make the tasks relatively easy for students b. Prepare and use scoring rubrics c. Score the tasks using personal knowledge of each student's past performance

b. Prepare and use scoring rubrics

Which of the following statements does NOT exemplify a responsible professional action on the part of the teacher? a. Providing students the chance to evaluate their own work b. Refusing to explain to students why a particular grade was given c. Scoring assessments based primarily on clearly out rubrics

b. Refusing to explain to students why a particular grade was given

Which of these teacher management activities should occur after instruction? a. Review the syllabus and the textbook being used b. Review students' class assignments and homework results against the intended learning outcomes c. observe students completing their seatwork

b. Review students' class assignments and homework results against the intended learning outcomes

Which of the following set of assessment activities will best facilitate a teacher's instructional planning? a. Marking students' completed work and assigning grades on their unit test b. Reviewing the learning objectives, students' abilities, and past performance c. observing students' attitudes and behavior and summarizing performance.

b. Reviewing the learning objectives, students' abilities, and past performance

What, if anything, is wrong with the following item? "The part of speech that modifies a noun is called an ______" a. Students who know the content will be confused by the grammatical structure of the item. b. Students who do not know the content will be clued by the grammatical structure of the item. c. The item probably does not assess an important part of a learning objective. d. Nothing, the items is not flawed.

b. Students who do not know the content will be clued by the grammatical structure of the item

When planning an instructional unit, which of the following I the BEST source for a teacher to find ideas about good general learning goals? a. The practices of experienced teachers in the field b. The published standards of the state c. The list of topics covered in a textbook in the content area

b. The published standards of the state

A science teacher discovered two weeks after students' grades were sent to parents that there was an error in the teacher's totaling of one student's marks. As a result, an incorrect grade was sent home for one student. What would you recommend to the teacher? a. Since the grades have been sent home, the teacher should discard the error b. The teacher should correct the error, award a new grade, and tell the student c. In order not to loose face before the student and the parents, the teacher should make an adjustment in the gradebook but not sent home the grade change

b. The teacher should correct the error, award a new grade, and tell the student

Which of the following comments is an example of self-refernced feedback? a. Check with Patrice. You may get some good ideas from her report. b. This is the best report you have done yet. Can you tell me how you did that? c. Your report is complete, and it includes some excellent data tables. d. None of the above.

b. This is the best report you have done yet. Can you tell me how you did that?

What is a learning objective? a. What students know at the end of an instructional segment b. What students can do a the end of an instructional segment c. What teachers should do to help students learn during an instructional segment

b. What students can do a the end of an instructional segment

In order to judge the validity of assessment results, one should look primarily for a. a single sound research study demonstrating the appropriates of the interpretation b. a combination of sound research and logical explanation demonstrating the appropriateness of the interpretations c. several studies demonstrating the consistency of the scores

b. a combination of sound research and logical explanation demonstrating the appropriateness of the interpretations

For most formative assessments, the best feedback includes a. a prediction of the grade the student's work would get. b. a description of the work a suggestions for improvement c. an evaluation of the work and the amount of effort shown.

b. a description of the work a suggestions for improvement

Reliability is a(n) _________ condition for validity of the results of a test. a. irrelevant b. necessary c. sufficient

b. necessary

The standard error of measurement refers to the standard deviation of a. persons' true score about their observed. b. persons' observed score about their true score. c. persons' error about their observed score.

b. persons' observed score about their true score.

Quality information in decision-making refers to information that is a. appropriate for all decision-making situations b. relevant and reliable for the specific use to which it is to be put c. widely recognized as useful in and of itself

b. relevant and reliable for the specific use to which it is to be put

The sequence of the Cognitive Process dimension of the revised Bloom's taxonomy is a. remember, understand, create, apply, analyze, and evaluate b. remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and create c. remember, understand, analyze, apply, create, and evaluate

b. remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and create

In making evaluative decisions about students, a teacher should be most mindful of a. his/her reputation as a professional b. the consequence of the decisions for students c. the consequence of the decisions for the teacher

b. the consequence of the decisions for students

Why is diagnostic assessment done? a. to ascertain the achievement level of the students b. to ascertain the specific strengths and weakness of the students c. to ascertain the effectiveness of teaching

b. to ascertain the specific strengths and weakness of the students

Validity of assessment refers to the soundness of a. the assessment instrument b. your interpretation and use of the assessment results c. the reliability of the interpretation and use of the results

b. your interpretation and use of the assessment results

Which of the following activities does NOT exemplify a responsible professional action of a teacher who teaches a group of students who differ widely in their socioeconomic status? a. Developing a comprehensive scoring rubric for assessing students' writing ability b. Developing a special version of a reading test for the disabled students in the class c. Assessing reading comprehension using only passages containing content exclusively within the experience of the high socioeconomic status students

c. Assessing reading comprehension using only passages containing content exclusively within the experience of the high socioeconomic status students

Which of the following diagnostic approaches uses a norm-referencing framework to interpret students' needs? a. Analysis of knowledge structure b. Identifying students' errors c. Content strengths and weaknesses d. Prerequisite knowledge and skills deficits

c. Content strengths and weaknesses

Before administering his end-of-semester exam, a high school teacher hinted to his favorite students what they should except on the exam. Which of the responsibility of teachers has he violated? a. Accommodating students b. Communicating assessment results c. Fairness to all students

c. Fairness to all students

Which of the following is NOT part of a learning unit assessment plan? a. How teaching and assessment work hand in hand b. Exactly how a teacher plans to assess each learning objective c. How this unit's assessment fits into the year's overall assessment strategy

c. How this unit's assessment fits into the year's overall assessment strategy

In selecting published material to assess students in your classroom, which of the following is the most important criterion? a. The credibility of the publisher. b. The technical quality of the items. c. How well the tasks match what you taught.

c. How well the tasks match what you taught.

What aspect of the content of feedback is important for helping students improve? a. Praise for good quality work b. Reinforcement for trying hard c. Information about students' understanding

c. Information about students' understanding

What is a major problem associated with the content area strengths and weaknesses approach in diagnostic assessment? a. It cannot be used ad a pretest b. It gives faulty information on students' weak areas c. It does not give enough detail about a student's difficulties d. It must be administered individually e. For which diagnostic approach would concept maps be most useful?

c. It does not give enough detail about a student's difficulties

Which of the following comments is sn example of descriptive feedback? a. Good job! Awesome. b. B+ may be revised for additional c. Nice use of the cloud images! d. None of the above.

c. Nice use of the cloud images!

Which of the following framework is inappropriate for prerequisite knowledge and skills assessment? a. Criterion-referencing b. Domain-referencing c. Norm-referencing

c. Norm-referencing

Which of the following actions violate(s) the professional responsibility of a teacher in the assessment of students? a. Insisting that one should only use test items that are relevant and relevant and reliable b. Selecting a standardized test that is relevant to his/her purpose c. Reporting the scores to the students four weeks after a classroom test is administered d. both (a) and (b) are violations of professional responsibility

c. Reporting the scores to the students four weeks after a classroom test is administered

Ms. Jonah observed her students during a science lab in order to determine what the students needed to learn to be effective in carrying out lab experiments. Which of the following best describes what Ms. Jonah did? a. She measured her students' performance in the lab b. She tested her students' performance in the lab c. She assessed her students' performance in the lab

c. She assessed her students' performance in the lab

Which of the following procedures of estimating test reliability would yield the highest reliability coefficient on a test comprised of 30 heterogeneous items? a. Coefficient alpha b. KR-20 c. Split-halves

c. Split-halves

Which of the following assessment alternatives yields results that have the lowest validity for assigning summative grades to students? a. Teacher-made tests b. Best work portfolios c. Standardized tests

c. Standardized tests

Which of the following is a general learning goal? a. Students should be able to measure the length of the classroom using a ruler b. Students should be able to add two digit numbers accurately c. Students should be able to measure things accurately

c. Students should be able to measure things accurately

What is meant by the statement "reliability is a necessary condition for validity"? a. Reliability and validity are both necessary concepts b. Test scores can be valid without being reliable c. Test scores that are valid have a significant degree of reliability

c. Test scores that are valid have a significant degree of reliability

A teacher wants to know if students' scores on the same assessment tasks remain stable over a two-week period of time. Which of the following procedures of estimating reliability would be appropriate for this purpose? a. Alternate forms reliability (different occasions) b. Alternate forms reliability (same occasion) c. Test-retest reliability (different occasions) d. Internal consistency reliability

c. Test-retest reliability (different occasions)

Which of the following best illustrates an appropriately stated learning objective? a. The student will know the parts of an airplane b. The student will understand the parts of an airplane c. The student explains how airplanes fly

c. The student explains how airplanes fly

Which of the following best explains the importance of using statements of learning objectives in the assessment of students? a. The teacher becomes aware of students' weaknesses and emphasizes those areas in his/her assessment b. The teacher gets a better understanding of the material (subject matter) he/she is teaching through assessment c. The teacher knows the specific outcomes students should attain and develops appropriate assessment procedures to assess them

c. The teacher knows the specific outcomes students should attain and develops appropriate assessment procedures to assess them

Suppose a student is given the math test in two consecutive days. Which score will remain the same? a. The error score will be the same b. The obtained score will be the same c. The true score will be the same

c. The true score will be the same

In selecting a particular technique to use in assessing students, to what should the teacher pay attention first? a. Difficulty level of knowledge b. Students' knowledge c. Use to which the assessment result will be put

c. Use to which the assessment result will be

Providing timely feedback to students after assessing them is important because students need to a. know their grades b. correct their mistakes to improve c. both (a) and (b)

c. both (a) and (b)

A teacher used the midterm exam to grade the students. Then the teacher reviewed students' performance in terms of their difficulties and strengths over the first half of the semester. This helped the teacher to plan his instructional activities for the second half of the semester. The midterm exam served as a. a formative evaluation of the students b. a summative evaluation of the students c. both a and b

c. both a and b

The relevance of a learning unit assessment-planning chart is in its use in planning to a. assess students on learning objectives b. teach students the learning objectives c. both a and b d. neither a nor b

c. both a and b

One of the important teaching uses for taxonomies of thinking skills to a. ensure the complexity of learning outcomes b. divide up cognitive thinking into small, teachable segments c. check whether what is to be taught and assessed covers the most important cognitive skills

c. check whether what is to be taught and assessed covers the most important cognitive skills

Conversations as an informal formative assessment technique will yield the best result(s) when the questions require students to a. give rather long but correct answers b. give short correct answers c. express insights and understandings

c. express insights and understandings

Conversations as an informal formative assessment technique will yield the best result(s) when the questions require students to a. give rather long but correct answers b. give short corrected answer c. express insights and understandings

c. express insights and understandings

Which of the following abilities can be assessed by fill-in-the-blank items? a. Knowledge of facts b. Comprehension c. Manipulation of equations d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the diagnostic approaches is implied when s teacher says, "I'm interested in finding out why my students continue to day that wrapping a cold bottle of soft drink in a woolen sweater will warm the drink? " a. Prerequisite deficits b. Identifying student's errors c. Content strengths and weaknesses d. Analysis of knowledge structure

d. Analysis of knowledge structure

Which odd the following levels or kinds of comments do NOT make for effective feedback? a. Comments about the tasks or work product b. Comments about the process of doing the work c. Comments about the student's self-regulation d. Comments about the student as a person

d. Comments about the student as a person

*Which of the following conditions is sufficient for the validation of a classroom test in social studies? a. Evidence that the assessment results are internally consistent b. Evidence that the assessment covers the curriculum c. Evidence that the content covers what the teacher wants to assess d. None of the above

d. None of the above

Which of the following statements best illustrates the concept evaluation? a. Jane's teacher recorded her exam result, her homework results, and her grade on the semester project b. the teacher administered 100 multiple-choice items to his students at the end of the semester c. At the end of the semester the student's scores ranged between 55 and 95 d. The performance of the school's students on the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) was excellent.

d. The performance of the school's students on the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) was excellent.

In general, the results of a single assessment for purposes for grading a student is less valid then using multiple assessment results because any single assessment a. assesses on only one occasion b. has a lower reliability than multiple assessment results c. had a lower validity than multiple assessment results d. all of the above

d. all of the above

A teacher says, "John is skilled at the subtraction of two-digit numbers and now is ready to learn subtraction of three-digit numbers when borrowing is not needed." Which diagnostic approach is implied? a. Profile of strengths and weaknesses b. Mastery of specific objective c. Prerequisite hierarchy d. both b and c

d. both b and c

Which of the following is NOT a potential source of feedback for students? a. Teacher b. Self c. Books d. Technology e. All of the above are potential sources of feedback

e. All of the above are potential sources of feedback

Two teachers were reprimanded by the principal because of the poor performance of their students on a standardized test. What would you recommend to other teachers who face a situation like these two colleagues? a. Assist students by telling them the answers to the difficult items before testing begins b. Make a few changes to the scores of students to ensure that the class average is what the principle expects c. Limit teaching to only content that appears on the standardized test. d. All of the above e. None of the above

e. None of the above