EDUC ch 3 quick quizzes

How much information can we typically hold in working memory?

According to research conducted by Miller, we can only hold onto approximately seven pieces of information at a time.

What did the research by Recht and Leslie (1988) tell us about reading comprehension?

According to this research, prior knowledge is more important than reading skills when it comes to reading comprehension. If you know a lot about the subject, it will be easier for you to read.

What strategies can make study groups function more effectively?

Be sure to select members for the study group who share your goals and passion for learning. Develop rules and consider assigning roles to different members.

What are the similarities between the 3R and SQ3R reading methods?

Both methods have the 3R component, which means read, recite, and review.

How do Dickinson and O'Connell (1990) define organizing?

Dickinson and O'Connell (1990) defined organizing as putting information into your own words, finding connections between concepts, and creating examples.

How can you highlight more effectively?

Don't highlight until the third R in the 3R or SQ3R reading methods. Only highlight one or two sentences in each paragraph or section.

What should you do during the second R in the 3R and SQ3R reading methods?

During the second R, you should close your book ad recall what you just read. Writing down this summary works best.

According to Dickinson and O'Connell's research, what were the similarities between high and low performers?

High and low performers spend about the same amount of time reading and reviewing, but the high performers spent more time organizing and studies longer.

Is highlighting an effective reading strategy?

If you highlight important points, then it is an effective strategy. However, ineffective highlighting can be distracting and not helpful. It may even lower your reading comprehension and achievement.

Which is the least effective note-taking method?

Linear notes are not effective because there is little to no organization.

What strategies are useful during the encoding stage?

Paying attention to important content and using a multisensory approach will increase the likelihood what information is needed.

Why is it a good idea to read chapter content before class?

Reading the chapter before class gives you the necessary background that makes note-taking easier an more productive. You'll know what information is in the text and that you therefore do not need to write down.

Which memory strategy is the least effective?

Rehearsal is a good beginning strategy, but it needs to be combined with another strategy in order to be effective.

Is it more productive to study alone of in a group?

Research shows that studying in a group leads to higher achievement.

What is the testing effect?

Researchers have found that testing is a powerful memory tool. We learn the most when we test ourselves and try to recall information.

What professor actions might indicate a topic is important?

Spending a lot of time on the topic, repeating the information, providing several examples, talking in a louder voice or with more passion, or writing on the board or presenting information you need.

How can you put the testing effect into practice?

Take practice tests online or create your own quizzes or flashcards to put the testing effect research into practice.

What are the differences between the 3R and SQ3R reading methods?

The SQ3R adds two additional steps: survey and question.

When is it best to take notes using a concept map or matrix?

The concept map and matrix require significant cognitive effort, so these options usually work best when you repackage your notes every class.

Which note-taking method works best?

The matrix has been found to be the most effective note-taking model.

Which memory strategies work best?

There are several strategies that work really well. Elaboration, chunking, mnemonics, and retrieval practice all have good research support.

What does the research say about learning styles?

There is no research support for learning styles. We all are much more similar than different when it comes to learning.

If your professor provides you with the PowerPoint slides, what should you do in terms of note-taking?

Use the PowerPoint slides as an organizational tool, but you'll still need to take notes next to the slides or in your notebook because the slides won't have all of the information you need.

What is the picture superiority effect?

We are more likely to remember pictures versus words. When we look at images related to the content, we will learn the material better.

How has our understanding of memory changed?

We used to think that the memory process was one-directional but we now know that it is much more complex and interactive in nature. For example, our long-term memory influences what information we attend to and encode and can help us learn new content.

Why is teaching a good study strategy?

When you have to teach someone else, you will need to do a lot of preparation, really learning the content. You will also need to be prepared to answer questions. This too results in you spending more time and energy preparing and learning.

How can you build your prior knowledge before reading?

You can build knowledge by reading the chapter summary, reviewing the table of contents, and searching for a video or more basic-level reading on the topic before reading the chapter.

How can you show your professor that you are interested in learning?

You can maintain good eye contact, nod, engage note-taking, and ask questions to show your professor you are invested in the learning process.