Embalming 2 Week 8
Single intradermal suture
"Hidden stitch," used on exposed areas of the body and is directed through the subcutaneous tissues only. Same as the hidden stitch
Direction of suturing
- Common carotid artery: If using the parallel incision, suture from the inferior portion of the incision superiorly. Suture from the medial portion of the incision laterally if using a supraclavicular incision - Axillary Artery: Suture from the medial area of the incision laterally - Brachial artery: Suture from the medial portion of the incision laterally with the arm abducted - Radial & ulnar arteries: Suture from the distal portion of the incision medially - Femoral artery: Suture from the inferior portion of the incision superiorly - Autopsies (trunk Standard "Y" incision): Use bridge sutures to align the skin into position. Begin the trunk suturing at the pubis symphysis and suture superiorly - Popliteal artery: Begin the suture at the inferior (or distal) portion of the incision and suture superiorly - Anterior & posterior tibial arteries: Begin the sutures distally and suture superiorly.
Worm suture
A method of sewing an incision along the edges without entering the opening whereby the suture becomes invisible, and the line of suture becomes depressed, making easy concealment by wax. Same as the inversion suture.
If the body is to be cremated
A pacemaker must be removed
treating a discoloration
A surface compress of a phenol solution would be effective for
False
A vehicle is a gaseous substance which dissolves formaldehyde in embalming fluids
An astringent arterial solution
Abdominal surgery of the bowel can result in peritonitis, which can result in intense distention of the abdomen and infection in the bloodstream. These conditions would require
Water and antiseptic soap
After embalming, during the final washing of the body, blood can be removed from the body with
False
All embalming chemicals contain cosmetic dyes
Hidden suture
Also known as a single intradermal suture. Is made with one needle and a single thread. It is referred to as the "hidden stitch" because it is used on exposed areas of the body and is directed through the subcutaneous tissue only. To begin the closure, insert the needle deep into the tissues at one end of the incision
Bridge suture
Also known as an individual suture. Are used to align tissues into position prior to, during, or after embalming. They are temporary and are later replaced by a more permanent sutures
False
Anasarca is the term used to describe severe edema in the thoracic cavity
False
Arterial fluid is recommended as a surface embalming chemical.
innominate artery
As blood flows through the aortic arch, it first reaches the
buffers
Chemicals which are responsible for the stabilization and maintenance of the acid base balance in embalming solutions are called
anticoagulants
Chemicals which retard the increase in viscosity of the blood are
A pursestring suture
Colostomy and surgical drain openings can usually be closed using
Baseball suture
Considered the most secure and commonly used, this suture can be airtight. In addition to the injection site incisions, it is used for autopsy, long surgical, and long bone donor incisions. To make this stitch, pass a suture needle and thread from beneath the incision up through the integument, and cross the needle from side to side.
Stockings
Covers Legs & feet
Capri pants
Covers Legs, buttocks & abdomen
Unionall
Covers entire body from the neck down to and including the feet
Pants
Covers mid-thigh to umbilicus
Coveralls
Covers the trunk of the body from upper thigh to armpit
Crepitation
Crackling sensation produced when gases trapped in tissues are palpated, as in subcutaneous emphysema.
False
Decomposition is a postmortem physical change
Ascites
Edema in the abdominal cavity is known as
Hydrocephalus
Edema in the cranial cavity is known as
Hydrocele
Edema in the scrotal sac is known as
Good drying
Eliminates the potential for mold growth on the skin surface, especially in warm climates
Definite firming
High index fluids generally cause
66 ounces
How much water must be added to make a 2% arterial solution if 6 ounces of a 24 index fluid is used
raise an artery in the arm and inject the arm separately
If the body was embalmed using a one point injection, and the left arm did not get sufficient solution, the best way (that is, your first choice) to remedy this would be
False
In a body dead of hydrocephalus, the amount of secondary dilution will be greatest in the thoracic cavity
reaspirate
In general, if purge occurs after embalming, you should
Hypodermic embalming
Injection of embalming chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle or a trocar.
Terminal disinfection
Institution of disinfection and decontamination measures after the preparation of the remains.
Linen or cotton thread
Is stronger than cotton thread and is recommended for autopsy, long bone donors and vessel incision sutures. For restorative sutures, which are located on visible areas, dental floss is an excellent material to use
True
Long autopsy incisions should not be closed with super glue
True
Modifying agents are incorporated into embalming fluids to alter the action of formaldehyde
True
One of the main problems with maggots is not knowing they all have been found
False
Osmosis plays a very small part in the preservation process
Shirt jacket
Plastic garment designed to cover the body from the waist up to the neck, including the arms
Unionall
Plastic garment designed to cover the entire body from the neck down to and including the feet.
Capri garment
Plastic protective garment designed to cover the legs, buttocks, and abdomen. A combination of pants and stockings.
Cannot be removed by arterial injection
Postmortem stains
False
Pre-injection solutions should include strong preservative chemicals
True
Preinjection fluids are used to stimulate drainage
Autopsy gel
Preservative gels available in two viscosities: a gel that is thin and can be poured, and a more viscous gel that can easily be applied by brush to the skin surface.
Embalming powders
Preservative powders
False
Prolonged contact with formaldehyde may cause severe dermatitis on the tissues of the deceased
All of these
Some methods of stimulating drainage might include
True
Some reasons for drainage are to make room for embalming chemicals, to remove some discolorations, and to reduce chances of swelling
baseball stitch
Stich that is made from beneath up through the skin, and the needle is crossed from side to side with each stitch.
Lock stitch
Stitch that is made by passing the ligature through both sides of the incision from the outside with the stitch being locked by looping the ligature
Double Intradermal Suture
Subcutaneous stitch which requires using a suturing needle on each end of the ligature with the suturing needles being crossed from side to side on each stitch.
Double intradermal stitch
Subcutaneous stitch which requires using a suturing needle on each end of the ligature with the suturing needles being crossed from side to side on each stitch.
False
Super glue or super adhesive are used often for closing incisions. They should be purchased only from an embalming supply company; you cannot use the Home Depot brand in the prep room
Supplemental methods of embalming
Surface Embalming Hypodermic Embalming
False
Surface embalming chemicals should not be used on internal surfaces like the inside of the mouth or eyelids
Embalming care report
The analysis, monitoring, and embalming techniques used need to be fully documented in an _______.
False
The common iliac artery terminates at a point behind the center of the inguinal ligament
somatic death
The death of the body as a whole
External common carotid
The facial artery is a branch of the
mandibular suture
The method of mouth closure employing a suture passed through the septum of the nose and around the mandible is called the
Generalized decomposition
The most positive sign of death is ____________________.
Worm stitch
The pattern of this suture is the same as the single intradurmal suture except that the stitches are made parrel to the lips of the incision.
False
The rate of flow of arterial solution being injected into a body may be controlled by a y tube
When the injected primary dilution mixes with the body fluids
The secondary dilution of embalming fluid occurs when
False
The supplemental methods of embalming should only be used on small areas of the body that have not received sufficient arterial solution
Right and Left vertebral arteries
The upward branches of the right and left subclavian arteries are called
Lock suture
This suture creates a tight, leakproof closure. It does, however, leave a visible ridge on the surface. The ligature is passed through both sides of the incision from the outside. Same as the Interlocking suture
Postembalming analysis
Time period after embalming examination of body by embalmer touch up any areas
Double-Curved Autopsy Needle
Used to close autopsy incisions, surgical incisions, and incisions made to raise vessels. Easy to grip with gloved hand.
Whip suture
Used to close long incisions. Pass the needle through both sides of the incision starting on the outside of the incision on one side. The needle is passed from inside to outside on the other side of the incision. Also known as the continuation suture.
Force as much purge as possible from the rectum by pressing firmly on the lower abdominal area
When anal purge is present after embalming, the best thing to do would be to
set before opening the rate of flow
When injecting a body with a centrifugal pump, the desired pressure should be
After
When possible, leave IV needles and catheters in place until _______ arterial injection.
There is a foul odor associated with true tissue gas
Whether the deceased has subcutaneous emphysema or true tissue gas can be identified mainly because of which of the following
Secure the jaws in position
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of massage cream
High formaldehyde content
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a jaundice fluid?
Left external iliac vein - Left common iliac vein - IVC - Right common iliac vein - Right external iliac vein - drain from right femoral vein
Which of the following sets of vessels represents part of a correct drainage path
Arterial fluid
________ are not recommended for use as a surface embalming chemical
3/8 inch circle needle
`Used for restorative sutures and to suture incisions made to raise vessels
Stoma
exposed portion of the bowel in a colostomy.
Cavity fluids and other accessory surface chemicals are generally _____ phenol solutions.
milder than
Interlocking suture
or lock suture is a very tight leakproof suture. The large ridge it creates in the surrounding tissue is its greatest disadvantage.
Inversion suture
or worm suture, is used to gather in and turn under excess tissues. This suture is not visible and easily waxed.
Coverall
plastic garment designed to cover the body from the chest down to the upper thigh
Purge
postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure
Draw stitch
suture that is made the same as the single intradermal suture except that the stitich penetrates through the skin.
Surface embalming
the direct contact of body tissues with embalming chemicals