Embalming 2 Week 8

Single intradermal suture

"Hidden stitch," used on exposed areas of the body and is directed through the subcutaneous tissues only. Same as the hidden stitch

Direction of suturing

- Common carotid artery: If using the parallel incision, suture from the inferior portion of the incision superiorly. Suture from the medial portion of the incision laterally if using a supraclavicular incision - Axillary Artery: Suture from the medial area of the incision laterally - Brachial artery: Suture from the medial portion of the incision laterally with the arm abducted - Radial & ulnar arteries: Suture from the distal portion of the incision medially - Femoral artery: Suture from the inferior portion of the incision superiorly - Autopsies (trunk Standard "Y" incision): Use bridge sutures to align the skin into position. Begin the trunk suturing at the pubis symphysis and suture superiorly - Popliteal artery: Begin the suture at the inferior (or distal) portion of the incision and suture superiorly - Anterior & posterior tibial arteries: Begin the sutures distally and suture superiorly.

Worm suture

A method of sewing an incision along the edges without entering the opening whereby the suture becomes invisible, and the line of suture becomes depressed, making easy concealment by wax. Same as the inversion suture.

If the body is to be cremated

A pacemaker must be removed

treating a discoloration

A surface compress of a phenol solution would be effective for

False

A vehicle is a gaseous substance which dissolves formaldehyde in embalming fluids

An astringent arterial solution

Abdominal surgery of the bowel can result in peritonitis, which can result in intense distention of the abdomen and infection in the bloodstream. These conditions would require

Water and antiseptic soap

After embalming, during the final washing of the body, blood can be removed from the body with

False

All embalming chemicals contain cosmetic dyes

Hidden suture

Also known as a single intradermal suture. Is made with one needle and a single thread. It is referred to as the "hidden stitch" because it is used on exposed areas of the body and is directed through the subcutaneous tissue only. To begin the closure, insert the needle deep into the tissues at one end of the incision

Bridge suture

Also known as an individual suture. Are used to align tissues into position prior to, during, or after embalming. They are temporary and are later replaced by a more permanent sutures

False

Anasarca is the term used to describe severe edema in the thoracic cavity

False

Arterial fluid is recommended as a surface embalming chemical.

innominate artery

As blood flows through the aortic arch, it first reaches the

buffers

Chemicals which are responsible for the stabilization and maintenance of the acid base balance in embalming solutions are called

anticoagulants

Chemicals which retard the increase in viscosity of the blood are

A pursestring suture

Colostomy and surgical drain openings can usually be closed using

Baseball suture

Considered the most secure and commonly used, this suture can be airtight. In addition to the injection site incisions, it is used for autopsy, long surgical, and long bone donor incisions. To make this stitch, pass a suture needle and thread from beneath the incision up through the integument, and cross the needle from side to side.

Stockings

Covers Legs & feet

Capri pants

Covers Legs, buttocks & abdomen

Unionall

Covers entire body from the neck down to and including the feet

Pants

Covers mid-thigh to umbilicus

Coveralls

Covers the trunk of the body from upper thigh to armpit

Crepitation

Crackling sensation produced when gases trapped in tissues are palpated, as in subcutaneous emphysema.

False

Decomposition is a postmortem physical change

Ascites

Edema in the abdominal cavity is known as

Hydrocephalus

Edema in the cranial cavity is known as

Hydrocele

Edema in the scrotal sac is known as

Good drying

Eliminates the potential for mold growth on the skin surface, especially in warm climates

Definite firming

High index fluids generally cause

66 ounces

How much water must be added to make a 2% arterial solution if 6 ounces of a 24 index fluid is used

raise an artery in the arm and inject the arm separately

If the body was embalmed using a one point injection, and the left arm did not get sufficient solution, the best way (that is, your first choice) to remedy this would be

False

In a body dead of hydrocephalus, the amount of secondary dilution will be greatest in the thoracic cavity

reaspirate

In general, if purge occurs after embalming, you should

Hypodermic embalming

Injection of embalming chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle or a trocar.

Terminal disinfection

Institution of disinfection and decontamination measures after the preparation of the remains.

Linen or cotton thread

Is stronger than cotton thread and is recommended for autopsy, long bone donors and vessel incision sutures. For restorative sutures, which are located on visible areas, dental floss is an excellent material to use

True

Long autopsy incisions should not be closed with super glue

True

Modifying agents are incorporated into embalming fluids to alter the action of formaldehyde

True

One of the main problems with maggots is not knowing they all have been found

False

Osmosis plays a very small part in the preservation process

Shirt jacket

Plastic garment designed to cover the body from the waist up to the neck, including the arms

Unionall

Plastic garment designed to cover the entire body from the neck down to and including the feet.

Capri garment

Plastic protective garment designed to cover the legs, buttocks, and abdomen. A combination of pants and stockings.

Cannot be removed by arterial injection

Postmortem stains

False

Pre-injection solutions should include strong preservative chemicals

True

Preinjection fluids are used to stimulate drainage

Autopsy gel

Preservative gels available in two viscosities: a gel that is thin and can be poured, and a more viscous gel that can easily be applied by brush to the skin surface.

Embalming powders

Preservative powders

False

Prolonged contact with formaldehyde may cause severe dermatitis on the tissues of the deceased

All of these

Some methods of stimulating drainage might include

True

Some reasons for drainage are to make room for embalming chemicals, to remove some discolorations, and to reduce chances of swelling

baseball stitch

Stich that is made from beneath up through the skin, and the needle is crossed from side to side with each stitch.

Lock stitch

Stitch that is made by passing the ligature through both sides of the incision from the outside with the stitch being locked by looping the ligature

Double Intradermal Suture

Subcutaneous stitch which requires using a suturing needle on each end of the ligature with the suturing needles being crossed from side to side on each stitch.

Double intradermal stitch

Subcutaneous stitch which requires using a suturing needle on each end of the ligature with the suturing needles being crossed from side to side on each stitch.

False

Super glue or super adhesive are used often for closing incisions. They should be purchased only from an embalming supply company; you cannot use the Home Depot brand in the prep room

Supplemental methods of embalming

Surface Embalming Hypodermic Embalming

False

Surface embalming chemicals should not be used on internal surfaces like the inside of the mouth or eyelids

Embalming care report

The analysis, monitoring, and embalming techniques used need to be fully documented in an _______.

False

The common iliac artery terminates at a point behind the center of the inguinal ligament

somatic death

The death of the body as a whole

External common carotid

The facial artery is a branch of the

mandibular suture

The method of mouth closure employing a suture passed through the septum of the nose and around the mandible is called the

Generalized decomposition

The most positive sign of death is ____________________.

Worm stitch

The pattern of this suture is the same as the single intradurmal suture except that the stitches are made parrel to the lips of the incision.

False

The rate of flow of arterial solution being injected into a body may be controlled by a y tube

When the injected primary dilution mixes with the body fluids

The secondary dilution of embalming fluid occurs when

False

The supplemental methods of embalming should only be used on small areas of the body that have not received sufficient arterial solution

Right and Left vertebral arteries

The upward branches of the right and left subclavian arteries are called

Lock suture

This suture creates a tight, leakproof closure. It does, however, leave a visible ridge on the surface. The ligature is passed through both sides of the incision from the outside. Same as the Interlocking suture

Postembalming analysis

Time period after embalming examination of body by embalmer touch up any areas

Double-Curved Autopsy Needle

Used to close autopsy incisions, surgical incisions, and incisions made to raise vessels. Easy to grip with gloved hand.

Whip suture

Used to close long incisions. Pass the needle through both sides of the incision starting on the outside of the incision on one side. The needle is passed from inside to outside on the other side of the incision. Also known as the continuation suture.

Force as much purge as possible from the rectum by pressing firmly on the lower abdominal area

When anal purge is present after embalming, the best thing to do would be to

set before opening the rate of flow

When injecting a body with a centrifugal pump, the desired pressure should be

After

When possible, leave IV needles and catheters in place until _______ arterial injection.

There is a foul odor associated with true tissue gas

Whether the deceased has subcutaneous emphysema or true tissue gas can be identified mainly because of which of the following

Secure the jaws in position

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of massage cream

High formaldehyde content

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a jaundice fluid?

Left external iliac vein - Left common iliac vein - IVC - Right common iliac vein - Right external iliac vein - drain from right femoral vein

Which of the following sets of vessels represents part of a correct drainage path

Arterial fluid

________ are not recommended for use as a surface embalming chemical

3/8 inch circle needle

`Used for restorative sutures and to suture incisions made to raise vessels

Stoma

exposed portion of the bowel in a colostomy.

Cavity fluids and other accessory surface chemicals are generally _____ phenol solutions.

milder than

Interlocking suture

or lock suture is a very tight leakproof suture. The large ridge it creates in the surrounding tissue is its greatest disadvantage.

Inversion suture

or worm suture, is used to gather in and turn under excess tissues. This suture is not visible and easily waxed.

Coverall

plastic garment designed to cover the body from the chest down to the upper thigh

Purge

postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure

Draw stitch

suture that is made the same as the single intradermal suture except that the stitich penetrates through the skin.

Surface embalming

the direct contact of body tissues with embalming chemicals