EMS Chapter 25 Bleeding

When using a stick and square knot as a tourniquet to control severe bleeding from an amputated arm, the EMT should:

stop twisting the stick when the bleeding stops.

Hypovolemic shock occurs when:

the body cannot compensate for rapid fluid loss.

A man involved in a motorcycle crash has multiple abrasions and lacerations. Which of the following injuries has the HIGHEST treatment priority?

Laceration to the thigh with spurting, bright red blood.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiovascular system?

Lungs

Hemostatic agents are primarily used in:

Military medicine

What does the P in DCAP-BTLS stand for?

Punctures

If bandages have already been applied to control the bleeding before your arrival, which of the following should you NOT do?

Remove the old dressing

Which of the following organ systems will tolerate the longest interruption of perfusion?

Skeletal system

Controlling internal bleeding requires:

Surgery in a hospital.

The diameter of a capillary is:

That of one red blood cell

Which part of the cardiovascular system is considered "a container"?

The blood vessels

Which of the following organs/body systems cannot tolerate lack of blood flow for more than a few minutes?

The heart and brain

All of the following factors help with blood clot formation, EXCEPT:

The number of venues at the wound site

All of the following characteristics indicate that bleeding is severe, EXCEPT:

The overall blood loss is not significant.

What is often the only sign of internal bleeding?

Ecchymosis

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used method to control external bleeding?

Elevation of the extremity

In which of the following situations would external bleeding be the MOST difficult to control?

Femoral artery laceration and a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg

Which of the following is a term for vomited blood?

Hematemesis

The coughing up of bright red blood is called:

Hemoptysis

What would the symptoms of decreasing blood pressure, tachycardia, dull eyes, shallow, rapid breathing, and altered level of consciousness indicate?

Hypovolemic shock

If the patient is responsive, what should you ask AFTER taking the SAMPLE history?

If the patient takes blood-thinning medications

You can usually control internal bleeding into the extremities in the field simply by:

Using an air splint

In an older patient, what is often the first sign of traumatic internal bleeding?

Weakness

Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as the:

circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the organ's metabolic needs.

A fractured femur can result in the loss of ______ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.

1 L

The body cannot tolerate an acute blood loss of greater than 20% of its total blood volume, or more than______ pints, in the average adult.

2

Without adequate perfusion, the kidneys will be damaged after:

45 minutes

What is the approximate blood volume of an 80-kg adult male?

5.60 L

Which of the following statements regarding the clotting of blood is correct?

A person taking blood thinners will experience slower blood clotting.

When caring for a patient with internal bleeding, the EMT must: Obtain baseline vital signs control any external bleeding ensure a patent airway

All of these answers are correct

During an emergency, the autonomic nervous system automatically redirects blood away from other organs to: Heart Brain Kidney's

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following conditions might an EMT suspect as a possible cause for bleeding from the nose and mouth?

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following factors influence how well a patient can compensate for blood loss? the age of the patient the patients health how rapidly the blood loss occurs

All of these answers are correct.

Bleeding will almost always stop when the pressure of the dressing exceeds_______ pressure.

Arterial

Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as:

Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal.

A 48-year-old male has a suspected open-book pelvic fracture. He is conscious but restless, and his skin is pale and diaphoretic. His respirations are 22 breaths/min and his pulse rate is 120 beats/min. There is no external bleeding noted. The EMT should:

apply a compression device around his pelvis

A 39-year-old male accidentally cut his wrist while sharpening his hunting knife. He is conscious and alert with adequate breathing, but is bleeding significantly from the wound. You should:

control the bleeding with direct pressure.

Bleeding from the nose following head trauma:

is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.

After applying a pressure dressing to a laceration on a patient's arm, you notice that blood is slowly beginning to saturate it. You should:

place additional dressings over the wound.

A 22-year-old male was kicked in the abdomen multiple times during an assault. He is conscious but restless and his pulse is rapid. Your assessment reveals a large area of bruising to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

preparing for immediate transport.

During transport of a 40-year-old female with acute abdominal pain, you note that she has stopped talking to you and has become extremely diaphoretic. You should:

repeat the primary assessment.

Hypoperfusion is another name for:

shock.

You arrive at the home of a 50-year-old female with severe epistaxis. As you are treating her, it is MOST important to recall that:

the patient is at risk for vomiting and aspiration.

When encountering a suspected bleeding emergency, the most pertinent finding during the SAMPLE history phase of assessment would be that ________.

the patient states that she takes blood-thinner medications