EMT chapter 20
The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers ______ mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto-injector delivers ______ mg. Select one: A. 0.1; 0.01 B. 0.01; 0.1 C. 0.03; 0.3 D. 0.3; 0.15
0.3, 0.15
Urticaria is the medical term for: Select one: A. hives. B. burning. C. swelling. D. a wheal.
hives
The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within _________ following administration. Select one: A. 30 seconds B. 1 minute C. 30 minutes D. 1 hour
1 minute
At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________. Select one: A. an uncomfortable depression in the skin B. a series of small, raised pustules C. a raised, well-defined area of the skin D. a large area of red, blotchy skin
a raised well-defined area of the skin
A 19-year-old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong, and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should: A. position her legs well above the level of her heart. B. administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital. C. request a paramedic unit to administer epinephrine. D. advise her to see her physician as soon as possible.
administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital
A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. He does not have an epinephrine auto-injector and your protocols do not allow you to carry epinephrine on the ambulance. How should you proceed with the treatment of this patient? Select one: A. Ask the patient if he has any diphenhydramine tablets that you can administer. B. Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept. C. Remain at the scene with the patient and request a paramedic ambulance. D. Quickly determine if there are any bystanders who may carry epinephrine.
administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept
Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself. A. injected poison B. irritating toxin C. deadly venom D. All of these answers are correct
all of these answers are correct
Patients may experience allergic reactions to which of the following substances? A. Insect or animal bites and stings B. Food and medications C. Plant material D. All of these answers are correct
all of these answers are correct
When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________. Select one: A. protect itself B. go on alert C. attempt to inactivate the foreign substance D. All of these answers are correct.
all of these answers are correct
Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following? Select one: A. Position the patient's airway and initiate positive-pressure ventilations. B. Initiate basic life support measures, including the use of an automated external defibrillator, if necessary. C. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient's body temperature. D. Routine spinal immobilization due to the potential for traumatic injury
apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patients body temperature
Which of the following medications blocks the release of histamines? Select one: A. Albuterol (Ventolin) B. Epinephrine (Adrenalin) C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
diphenhydramine (benadryl)
Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as a(n): Select one: A. moderate allergic reaction that primarily affects the vasculature. B. extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems. C. severe allergic reaction that typically resolves without treatment. D. allergic reaction that causes bronchodilation and vasoconstriction.
extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems
After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old female with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: A. contact medical control and obtain authorization to administer another 0.3 mg of epinephrine. B. transport her rapidly, as it is obvious that she is having a severe reaction to the epinephrine. C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine. D. consider administering 0.15 mg of epinephrine to completely resolve her allergic reaction.
monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine
When an allergic reaction proceeds to life-threatening anaphylaxis, it will usually do so __________. Select one: A. quickly, within 30 seconds. B. quickly, within 30 minutes. C. slowly, over more than 30 minutes. D. slowly, over several hours.
quickly, within 30 minutes
The stinger from a honeybee should be: Select one: A. left in place and covered. B. scraped away from the skin. C. squeezed with tweezers and removed. D. irrigated with copious amounts of water.
scraped away from the skin
Which of the following sounds indicates swelling of the upper airway? A. rales B. stridor C. rhonchi D. wheezing
stridor
Epinephrine stimulates the ________ response, increasing blood pressure and relieving bronchospasm. Select one: A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic C. cardiac D. respiratory
sympathetic
Which of the following would MOST likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient's allergic reaction? Select one: A. The patient's family history B. The patient's general physical appearance C. The environment in which the patient is found D. The time of year in which the exposure occurred
the environment in which the patient is found
Which of the following signs/symptoms are indicative of respiratory involvement of an allergic reaction A. Flushed, itching, or burning skin B. A sense of impending doom C. Tightness in the chest or throat D. all of these answers are correct
tightness in the chest of throat
The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to __________. Select one: A. kill their human host B. use a human body as a home C. spread disease and destruction D. cause an immune response
use a human body as a home