EMT Chapter 25-33 Exam
A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to: Select one: A. inspect the helmet for cracks. B. obtain baseline vital signs. C. leave her bicycle helmet on. D. stabilize her entire spine.
d
A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA. Select one: A. 36% B. 45% C. 27% D. 18%
d
A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound? Select one: A. Irrigate it with sterile water and cover it with a dry dressing. B. Carefully replace the exposed bowel into the abdomen and transport. C. Cover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position. D. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.
d
A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: Select one: A. fully immobilize his spinal column. B. assess for entry and exit wounds. C. begin CPR and transport at once. D. begin CPR and apply the AED.
d
A 39-year-old male sustained a large laceration to his leg during an accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You should first: Select one: A. perform a rapid head-to-toe assessment. B. apply direct pressure to the wound. C. place the patient on high-flow oxygen. D. follow appropriate standard precautions.
d
A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should: Select one: A. remove the peanut with a cotton-tipped swab. B. use tweezers to try to remove the object. C. thoroughly flush her ear with sterile saline. D. transport her to the emergency department.
d
A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should: Select one: A. carefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial. B. carefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing. C. thoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with a sterile dressing. D. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.
d
A 70-year-old man presents with a severe nosebleed. His medical history includes COPD, depression, and a hemorrhagic stroke 3 years ago. His BP is 190/110 mm Hg, his pulse is 100 beats/min, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min. His medications include albuterol, sertraline (Zoloft), and multivitamins. Which of the following is MOST likely causing his nosebleed today? Select one: A. His prescribed albuterol B. Diabetic complications C. Hemorrhagic stroke D. High blood pressure
d
A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: Select one: A. full-thickness burn. B. second-degree burn. C. partial-thickness burn. D. superficial burn.
d
A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n): Select one: A. abrasion. B. hematoma. C. crush injury. D. contusion.
d
A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should: Select one: A. flush both eyes with an alcohol-based solution and transport. B. neutralize the acid chemical in his eye with an alkaline chemical. C. mix baking soda with water and irrigate his eyes with the solution. D. irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.
d
A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: Select one: A. quickly but carefully move the patient away from the power line. B. manually stabilize his head as your partner assesses for breathing. C. apply insulated gloves and assume manual control of his c-spine. D. rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.
d
A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should: Select one: A. obtain baseline vital signs. B. perform a secondary assessment. C. apply a nonrebreathing mask. D. assist the patient's ventilations.
d
An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n): Select one: A. incision. B. amputation. C. laceration. D. avulsion.
d
As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should: Select one: A. assess his pulse for rate, regularity, and quality. B. perform an immediate head-to-toe assessment. C. apply high-flow oxygen and assess his injuries. D. open his airway and assess his breathing status.
d
Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with: Select one: A. digital pressure to an adjacent pulse point. B. pressure dressings and chemical ice packs. C. ice packs and elevation of the patient's head. D. direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings.
d
Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: Select one: A. pediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood. B. pediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia. C. most burns in children are the result of child abuse. D. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.
d
During the normal wound-healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because: Select one: A. there is a substantial decrease in the number of platelets in and around the wound, which increases the risk of bleeding. B. histamines released by the immune system constrict the blood vessels, which increases the pressure within them. C. bacteria and other microorganisms invade the wound site and damage the capillaries, which makes them more prone to bleeding. D. new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries.
d
Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: Select one: A. a lacerated globe. B. a ruptured eyeball. C. optic vessel compression. D. a blowout fracture.
d
If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should ________. Select one: A. apply direct pressure first B. use large or small gauze pads or dressings depending upon the size of the wound C. cover the entire wound, above and below, with the dressing D. All of these answers are correct.
d
In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is: Select one: A. a rapid, thready pulse. B. a decreasing blood pressure. C. rapid, shallow breathing. D. dizziness upon standing.
d
In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be: Select one: A. a low blood pressure. B. diaphoresis and pale skin. C. a heart rate over 120 beats/min. D. weakness or dizziness.
d
Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is MOST often controlled by: Select one: A. applying chemical ice pack. B. applying a tourniquet. C. keeping the patient warm. D. splinting the extremity.
d
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by: Select one: A. elevating the injured extremity. B. packing the wound with gauze. C. compressing a pressure point. D. applying local direct pressure.
d
The ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is MOST related to: Select one: A. the part of the body injured. B. how fast his or her heart beats. C. his or her baseline blood pressure. D. how rapidly he or she bleeds.
d
What mechanism(s) does the body use to control bleeding? Select one: A. Clotting B. Coagulation C. Vasoconstriction D. All of these answers are correct.
d
When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy: Select one: A. doubles. B. is not affected. C. triples. D. quadruples.
d
Whether you are using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. bulky dressings should be securely applied over the tourniquet to further assist in controlling the bleeding. B. the tourniquet should be applied directly over a joint if possible because this provides better bleeding control. C. you should try to control the bleeding by applying pressure to a proximal arterial pressure point first. D. the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released.
d
Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal? Select one: A. Any designated trauma center is acceptable. B. A Level IV or Level III trauma center C. Only a Level I trauma center D. A Level I or Level II trauma center
d
Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma? Select one: A. Steering wheel deformity B. Intrusion into the vehicle C. Dismounted seats D. Deployment of the air bag
d
Which of the following findings would be the MOST significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding? Select one: A. The patient has not eaten in 24 hours. B. The patient has a history of hypertension. C. The patient had a stroke 5 years prior. D. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xeralto).
d
Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma? Select one: A. Elevation of the lower extremities B. Intravenous fluid administration C. Early administration of oxygen D. Rapid transport to a trauma center
d
Which of the following is of LEAST importance when initially assessing the severity of a burn? Select one: A. Area(s) burned B. Past medical history C. Age of the patient D. Known drug allergies
d
Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct? Select one: A. The dermis lies above the germinal layer and provides protection. B. The dermis produces a substance that provides color to the skin. C. The cells of the dermis are worn away and are constantly replaced. D. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.
d
Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? Select one: A. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the BSA. B. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total BSA. C. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total BSA. D. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.
d
Which section of the heart receives deoxygenated blood? Select one: A. Atria B. Ventricles C. Left D. Right
d
A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should: Select one: A. fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport. B. assist ventilations with a BVM device, immobilize her spine, suction her oropharynx for 30 seconds, and transport. C. fully immobilize her spine, irrigate her empty tooth sockets, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, and transport. D. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, suction her airway as needed, disregard the dislodged teeth, and transport.
a
A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing: Select one: A. gastrointestinal bleeding. B. an aortic aneurysm. C. intrathoracic hemorrhaging. D. acute appendicitis.
a
A laceration: Select one: A. is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma. B. rarely penetrates through the subcutaneous tissue to the muscle. C. is an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue. D. is a sharp, smooth cut that is made by a surgical scalpel.
a
A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: Select one: A. dermal layer. B. muscle fascia. C. epidermis. D. fatty layer.
a
A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. Which of the following would MOST likely control the bleeding? Select one: A. Apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct pressure B. Apply a pelvic binder device to stabilize the pelvis C. Position the patient with his injured side down D. Apply chemical ice packs to the wound and transport
a
According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if: Select one: A. traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome. B. ground transport will take your ambulance out of service for an extended period of time, regardless of the severity of the patient's injuries. C. he or she was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another occupant in the same vehicle was killed, even if your patient's injuries are minor. D. the patient requires advanced life support care and stabilization, and the nearest ALS-ground ambulance is more than 5 to 10 minutes away.
a
All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the: Select one: A. lips. B. nose. C. mouth. D. anus.
a
An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should: Select one: A. report the incident to the appropriate authorities. B. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. C. ask the child's father to try to locate the dog. D. advise the child that he will need rabies shots
a
Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during: Select one: A. lateral collisions. B. frontal collisions. C. rear-end collisions. D. rollover collisions.
a
During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a: Select one: A. shotgun. B. handgun. C. .22-caliber pistol. D. .357 magnum.
a
If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of ________. Select one: A. vomiting B. GI trauma C. hypotension D. altered LOC
a
In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: Select one: A. an air embolism. B. a spinal fracture. C. nerve fiber damage. D. an ischemic stroke.
a
What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? Select one: A. Epidermis B. Dermis C. Muscular layer D. Subcutaneous layer
a
When a person is exposed to a cold environment: Select one: A. peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin. B. blood vessels dilate and divert blood to the core of the body. C. sweat is produced and is warmed when the vessels constrict. D. the skin becomes flushed secondary to peripheral vasodilation.
a
When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked. B. secondary blast injuries are usually the least obvious. C. solid organs usually rupture from the pressure wave. D. primary blast injuries are typically the most obvious
a
When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is MOST important to: Select one: A. remain alert for more severe underlying injuries. B. manipulate the injury site for signs of a fracture. C. recognize that the integrity of the skin is broken. D. assess circulation distal to the site of the injury.
a
When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position. B. elderly patients who fall usually have a secondary head injury. C. any fall in the elderly is considered to be high-energy trauma. D. bilateral hip fractures usually occur when an elderly person falls.
a
When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should: Select one: A. brush away the chemical before flushing with water. B. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water. C. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical. D. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution.
a
When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, you should: Select one: A. remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you. B. realize that the air bag malfunctioned at the time of impact. C. recognize that the force of impact was most likely not severe. D. suspect that the patient may have experienced serious injuries.
a
Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash? Select one: A. Aortic rupture B. Flail chest C. Extremity fractures D. Forehead lacerations
a
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child? Select one: A. Any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body B. Any burn that involves the arms, legs, or posterior part of the body C. Partial-thickness burn that covers 10% of the BSA D. Superficial burn that covers 25% of the BSA
a
Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss? Select one: A. Abrasion B. Laceration C. Incision D. Avulsion
a
Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct? Select one: A. Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours. B. Tissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body. C. With crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue injuries, such as amputation of an extremity. D. Provided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within 6 hours, the amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal.
a
While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced: Select one: A. neck and facial injuries. B. open abdominal trauma. C. lower extremity fractures. D. blunt trauma to the head.
a
With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the: Select one: A. legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's. B. arms are proportionately larger than an adult's. C. head is proportionately smaller than an adult's. D. thorax is proportionately larger than an adult's.
a
Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is: Select one: A. 9. B. 11. C. 8. D. 10.
a
A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As your partner is applying oxygen, you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: Select one: A. direct your partner to assist the patient's ventilations with a BVM. B. apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment. C. control the bleeding from the wound and prepare to transport at once. D. place a sterile dressing over the wound and apply direct pressure.
b
A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing: Select one: A. acute retinitis. B. conjunctivitis. C. a detached retina. D. a corneal abrasion.
b
A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should: Select one: A. perform a neurologic exam. B. administer high-flow oxygen. C. apply ice to the hematoma. D. palpate his radial pulses.
b
A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing, but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will MOST likely improve her chance of survival is: Select one: A. quickly immobilizing her spinal column. B. rapidly transporting her to the hospital. C. requesting a paramedic ambulance. D. careful monitoring her vital signs.
b
A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then: Select one: A. obtain baseline vital signs. B. assess for an exit wound. C. apply a cervical collar. D. auscultate bowel sounds.
b
An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the: Select one: A. heart rate is maintained at more than 100 beats/min. B. body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C). C. body's demand for oxygen is markedly increased. D. systolic arterial blood pressure is at least 60 mm Hg.
b
During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is correct? Select one: A. The patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized. B. The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. C. You should contact the police and have the patients arrested. D. The 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection.
b
Force acting over a distance is the definition of: Select one: A. potential energy. B. work. C. latent energy. D. kinetic energy.
b
Hypovolemic shock occurs when: Select one: A. the patient's systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. B. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss. C. at least 10% of the patient's blood volume is lost. D. the clotting ability of the blood is enhanced.
b
If direct pressure fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply: Select one: A. additional sterile dressings. B. a tourniquet proximal to the injury. C. a splint and elevate the extremity. D. digital pressure to a proximal artery.
b
Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume. Select one: A. 15% B. 20% C. 5% D. 10%
b
The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: Select one: A. the way in which traumatic injuries occur. B. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries. C. a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries. D. the detection of less obvious life-threatening injuries.
b
The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT: Select one: A. poor general appearance. B. systolic blood pressure. C. clinical signs and symptoms. D. the mechanism of injury.
b
Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? Select one: A. Back B. Ears C. Soles of the feet D. Scalp
b
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient? Select one: A. Second-degree burn covering 10% of the BSA B. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA C. Full-thickness burn to 1% of the BSA D. Superficial burn to 30% of the BSA
b
Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct? Select one: A. Hemophiliacs take aspirin to enhance blood clotting. B. Patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously. C. Hemophilia is defined as a total lack of platelets. D. Approximately 25% of the population has hemophilia.
b
Which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues? Select one: A. White blood cells B. Red blood cells C. Platelets D. Plasma
b
A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain? Select one: A. Lateral impact to the spine B. Secondary fall after the initial impact C. Energy transmission to the spine D. Direct trauma to the spinal column
c
A 43-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed. His blood pressure is 190/110 mm Hg and his heart rate is 90 beats/min and bounding. Preferred treatment for this patient includes: Select one: A. having the patient pinch his own nostrils and then lie supine. B. packing both nostrils with gauze pads until the bleeding stops. C. pinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward. D. placing a rolled 4² × 4² dressing between his lower lip and gum.
c
According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she: Select one: A. has a systolic blood pressure of less than 110 mm Hg or a heart rate greater than 110 beats/min. B. has a bleeding disorder or takes anticoagulant medications and has any blunt or penetrating injury. C. has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma. D. was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another patient in the same vehicle was killed.
c
An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost. Select one: A. 50 mL B. 150 mL C. 100 mL D. 200 mL
c
Blood stasis, changes in the vessel wall, and certain medications affect the: Select one: A. ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen. B. systolic blood pressure exclusively. C. ability of the blood to effectively clot. D. white blood cells' ability to fight infection.
c
Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' oxygen, nutritional, and waste-removal needs is termed _______. Select one: A. hypoperfusion B. coagulation C. perfusion D. hemorrhage
c
Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include: Select one: A. widespread ecchymosis. B. significant hypotension. C. pain and distention. D. bruising only.
c
Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of: Select one: A. airway compromise. B. spinal cord injury. C. intracranial bleeding. D. a fracture of the skull.
c
Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the: Select one: A. liver. B. pancreas. C. spleen. D. gallbladder.
c
Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with: Select one: A. dyspnea. B. hematuria. C. hematemesis. D. hemoptysis.
c
In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? Select one: A. An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen B. A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest C. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back D. A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye
c
Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because: Select one: A. blister formation protects the burn. B. they are generally not conscious. C. the nerve endings have been destroyed. D. subcutaneous vessels are usually clotted.
c
The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that: Select one: A. facilitates shedding of the epidermis. B. pulls the hair erect when you are cold. C. waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple. D. discharges sweat onto the skin's surface.
c
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient? Select one: A. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area B. Superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area C. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest D. Full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area
c
Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process? Select one: A. The blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection. B. The veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound. C. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling. D. White blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow.
c
Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding? Select one: A. Cardboard splint B. Sling and swathe C. Air splint D. Vacuum splint
c
Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct? Select one: A. Respiratory or cardiac arrest following an electrical burn is very uncommon. B. The size of the entry and exit wounds is a reliable indicator of internal damage. C. Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage. D. The exit wound caused by electrical burns is smaller than the entrance wound.
c
Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct? Select one: A. Low-velocity bullets will cause the greatest amount of trauma. B. High-velocity bullets will cause less severe internal injuries. C. The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced. D. The size of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced.
c
Which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)? Select one: A. Kidneys B. Brain C. Gastrointestinal system D. Skeletal muscle
c
Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts? Select one: A. Lateral and rollover B. Frontal and rotational C. Rotational and rollover D. Rear-end and rotational
c
You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: Select one: A. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside. B. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one. C. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed. D. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one.
c
