EMT-Chapter24

The EMT understands the importance of evaluating the mechanism of injury when he states: a. "The mechanism of injury can be used to guide your assessment and treatment of the patient." b. "The mechanism of injury is useful in determining the exact injuries the patient has sustained." c. "Evaluating the mechanism of injury is important since it determines whether emergency transport to the hospital is needed." d. "The mechanism of injury is a useful tool in determining if the patient's outcome will be good or bad."

a. "The mechanism of injury can be used to guide your assessment and treatment of the patient."

After assessing the following patients, which would the EMT identify as suffering from multi-systems trauma? a. 61-year-old male; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture to the left lower leg b. 89-year-old female fell in a nursing home; hematoma to the back of her head c. 24-year-old male; slipped on ice; tenderness to the right shoulder d. 31-year-old female; large laceration to her leg from a hunting knife; bleeding controlled

a. 61-year-old male; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture to the left lower leg

You are assessing a patient involved in a motorcycle accident. He states that he saw an oncoming car and "laid the bike down" to avoid an outright collision. He was wearing a helmet. Which of the following injuries would make sense given the action of the motorcyclist? a. Burn to the inside of the leg b. Bilateral broken forearms c. "Road rash" to the entire body d. Angulation to both femurs

a. Burn to the inside of the leg

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as: a. Cavitation waves b. Body cavity dissociation c. Ballistics d. Ballistic pressure

a. Cavitation waves

A patient, who was constructing a bomb in his basement, has sustained a secondary phase blast injury. Which of the following presentations would the EMT most likely observe? a. Screwdriver impaled in the arm b. Burns to the head, neck, and chest c. Headache and shortness of breath d. Complaint of nausea after inhaling fumes

a. Screwdriver impaled in the arm

When a motor vehicle strikes a tree while traveling at 40 mph, the unrestrained occupant: a. remains in motion until acted upon by an external force. b. will most likely be thrown over the steering column. c. will decelerate at the same rate as the motor vehicle. d. is thrust under the steering column onto the floorboard.

a. remains in motion until acted upon by an external force.

Air bags are designed to: a. prevent the driver from sustaining head trauma. b. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries. c. be used with or without a shoulder harness. d. prevent a second collision inside the car.

b. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries.

The study of how projectiles affect the body is called: Select one: a. Kinematics b. None of the above c. Ballistics d. Velocity

c. Ballistics

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash? a. Caved-in passenger door b. Collapsed dashboard c. Deformed steering wheel d. Intrathoracic hemorrhage

c. Deformed steering wheel

Which of the following injuries is most serious, warranting immediate and rapid transport to the hospital? a. Deformity to the right ankle with pain rated as a 10/10 b. Large, deep laceration to the arm with bleeding controlled c. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall d. Open fracture to the left lower leg

c. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall

By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height? a. Potential energy is created as the person is falling; the potential energy is then converted into kinetic energy upon impact. b. As the person falls, the amount of kinetic energy is converted into work; work is then converted to kinetic energy upon impact. c. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop. d. Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy; the potential energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

c. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

Which of the following describes the "platinum 10 minutes" as it applied to care of the trauma patient? a. The goal for total amount of time from the actual injury to arrival of EMS at the scene b. The time it should take the transporting ambulance to get the trauma patient to the closest medical facility c. The amount of time EMS should spend on scene with any patient suffering a traumatic injury(s) d. The target scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

d. The target scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

You are responding to a call for a 4-year-old child hit by a car. When assessing this child, which of the following injury patterns would you recognize as typical based on the child's age and mechanism of injury? a. Bilateral ankle deformity, contusions to the back b. Deformed femurs, bruises to the chest and abdomen c. Head injury with deformity to both upper arms d. Left arm and leg deformity, head injury

b. Deformed femurs, bruises to the chest and abdomen

An unrestrained female driving a small car is involved in a rollover-type collision. Why is her risk for serious injury and death significantly increased? a. Rollovers are the result of high speeds. b. There are more impacts in a roll over. c. Smaller and lighter cars tend to roll over. d. The risk for ejection is lessened, increasing injuries suffered in the car.

b. There are more impacts in a roll over.

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should: a. transport the survivors only if they have injuries or complain of pain. b. suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma. c. rapidly assess only the survivors who have experienced obvious trauma. d. allow the survivors to refuse transport if they have no obvious injuries.

b. suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.

A 23-year-old roofer has fallen 20 feet from the roof of a house into shrubs below. Aside from superficial abrasions and complaint of soreness, you detect no obvious injuries. Consequently, the patient states that as long as his legs are not broken, he does not see the need to go to the hospital. As a knowledgeable EMT, your best response would be: a. "Since this is a work-related injury, you should really be evaluated in the hospital. Workman's comp may not cover you if you do not." b. "Since you did not lose consciousness, I feel better about having you refuse. Just keep an eye on your feet and watch for swelling." c. "From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined." d. "Although you feel okay now, you will most likely be sore later on. Why don't we go to the hospital and ask about some medications for pain?"

c. "From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined."

The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the: a. air bag correctly deploys upon impact. b. patient tenses up at the time of impact. c. rear end of the vehicle is initially struck. d. headrest is appropriately positioned.

d. headrest is appropriately positioned.

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she: a. experiences multiple impacts. b. remains within the vehicle. c. is wearing only a lap belt. d. is ejected or partially ejected.

d. is ejected or partially ejected.

When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, you should: a. recognize that the force of impact was most likely not severe. b. realize that the air bag malfunctioned at the time of impact. c. suspect that the patient may have experienced serious injuries. d. remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

d. remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

An 8-year-old boy fell forward off of a swing onto outstretched arms. He did not hit his head or lose consciousness and is complaining of left forearm pain. There is deformity to the left wrist, but no other injuries or life threats. His vital signs are pulse 132, respirations 20, blood pressure 108/62, and SpO2 100%. The proper care of this patient would be: a. apply high-flow oxygen, anatomically splint the forearm when the patient is immobilized to a long backboard. b. call ALS so that the patient can be given intravenous pain medications before splinting the forearm. c. immediately load and transport, splinting the injury en-route. d. splint the forearm and apply a cold pack before transporting non-emergently.

d. splint the forearm and apply a cold pack before transporting non-emergently.