EMT Module Exam 10 (Chapters 35 - 40)

Which of the following personal protective items must be used by EMS personnel caring for patients in a hazardous materials emergency? Structural firefighting gear HEPA mask Chemical permeable gloves Tyvek or other chemical impermeable coveralls

Tyvek or other chemical impermeable coveralls

Difficulty breathing

Dyspnea

Because of the complexity of the older patient and the vagueness of his or her complaint, you should:

attempt to differentiate between chronic and acute problems.

Tests have shown that ________ ambulance operators tend to speed up by 10 to 15 miles per hour when the siren is sounding. Privately employed Younger Inexperienced None of the above

Inexperienced

The elderly patient will most likely experience _______ as he or she continues to age. Increased stomach acid secretion Decreased intestinal tract movement Increased food absorption Decreased chewing difficulty

Decreased intestinal tract movement

When documenting a case of suspected elder abuse, it is MOST important for the EMT to:

avoid documenting any unsupported opinions.

Which of the following conditions would MOST likely be encountered in a patient with cerebral palsy?

. Seizure disorder

You are on the scene of a mass-casualty incident in which the grandstand at a race track has collapsed. As the triage officer, you have encountered a 14-year-old male whose leg has been amputated above the knee. He is responsive to verbal stimuli, and he has an open airway, shallow rapid breathing, and a weak, rapid carotid pulse. This patient would be classified as a Priority ________ for treatment and transport. 2 3 1 4

1

You are standing by at the scene of a hostage situation when the incident commander advises you that one of his personnel has been shot. The patient is lying supine in an open area and is not moving. As the SWAT team escorts you to the patient, you should:

A. grab him by the clothes and immediately move him to safety

Common safety equipment carried on the ambulance includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. hazardous materials gear

What is an appropriate-sized landing zone for a helicopter? 25 feet by 25 feet 50 feet by 50 feet 75 feet by 75 feet 100 feet by 100 feet

100 feet by 100 feet

An oxygen level of ________ is required for normal breathing. 10.5 percent 16.5 percent 25.5 percent 19.5 percent

19.5 percent

The elderly population is at least ________ times as likely to use the EMS system as patients in other age groups. 4 0.5 10 2

2

Of the older patients seen in the emergency department due to a fall, ________ percent will die within 1 year. 50 25 10 35

25

A patient-carrying device should have at least ________ straps to hold the patient securely. 3 5 1 2

3

A body mass index above ___ is considered obese. 25 30 35 40

30

Obesity is defined as a body mass index greater than: 35. 25. 30. 40.

30

The LEAST practical place to store a portable oxygen cylinder is:

A. in the driver's compartment.

Immediately upon arriving at the scene of an emergency call involving a traumatic injury, you should notify the dispatcher of your arrival and then:

A. observe the scene for safety hazards.

Safety studies have shown that drivers of other vehicles do not usually see or hear ambulances or other emergency vehicles until they are within ________ feet of it. 50 to 100 200 to 250 150 to 200 100 to 150

50 to 100

ICS systems recognize that the manageable span of control is: 6 people. 12 people. 18 people. 24 people.

6 people.

Which of the following patients is at highest risk for a pulmonary embolism?

71-year-old male with recent surgery to a lower extremity

A diastolic blood pressure over ________ mmHg is considered hypertensive. 80 50 90 65

90

You are on the scene of a church bus roll-over collision. There are 30 passengers involved. As triage officer, which one of the following patients should you assign the highest priority? A 30-year-old man with multiple lower extremity fractures who is awake, has a strong radial pulse, and is complaining of severe pain A 35-year-old pregnant woman with a cut on her head, neck pain, and numbness and tingling in her arms A 70-year-old woman who is awake but having difficulty breathing and has absent lung sounds on the right side An unresponsive 9-year-old male with an open skull fracture who is in cardiac arrest

A 70-year-old woman who is awake but having difficulty breathing and has absent lung sounds on the right side

Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should:

A. perform a primary assessment.

While staged at the scene of a structure fire, the EMT should _________

A. remain with the ambulance

Causes of delirium in the older patients include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Alzheimer disease.

While assessing the mental status of an elderly patient who has been retired for several years, you notice he has difficulty answering your questions about the day of the week. Based on this information, you should: Suspect a life-threatening neurological event. Ask other questions to determine orientation to time. Consider his mental status as being decreased. Consider the need for advanced provider care.

Ask other questions to determine orientation to time.

While staffing an emergency services dispatch center, an Emergency Medical Dispatcher (EMD) receives a call from someone who is very upset and screaming that her friend was just shot. Which of the following would the EMD need to do in this situation? Determine the location of the shooter. Ask the caller for her phone number. Provide the caller with information on local hospitals. Notify the victim's family of the incident.

Ask the caller for her phone number.

You are on the scene of a pediatric patient who is on a specialized home monitoring system. This situation was not specifically addressed in your EMT class and your EMT partner has not encountered this situation, either. What is an advisable course of action? Ask the parent or caregiver what has been done in the past to correct the situation. Load the patient and rapidly transport the patient to the closest hospital for evaluation. Contact medical control and ask to speak to a specialist for advice. Request an advanced life support ambulance crew to respond for assistance.

Ask the parent or caregiver what has been done in the past to correct the situation.

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of chest pain in the elderly? Angina Asthma Pneumonia Aneurysm

Asthma

To respond to a hazardous materials incident, the EMT should be trained at which of the four levels? Operations Specialist Technician Awareness

Awareness

Hydroplaning of the ambulance on wet roads would MOST likely occur at speeds of greater than _____ mph.

B. 30

When preparing to move a patient that is using a specialty medical device from his house to the ambulance, which of the following questions would be appropriate to ask the family? What worked best for moving the patient the last time he was transported by ambulance? How do you normally move the patient? Can you carry the patient to the ambulance since you know the best way to move the patient? Both A and B are correct.

Both A and B are correct.

A person is said to be obese when he or she is ________ over his or her ideal weight.

C. 30% or more

Which of the following is an example of regional equipment or supplies?

C. DuoDote Auto-Injector

Which of the following statements regarding patients with intellectual disabilities is correct?

C. Patients with intellectual disabilities are susceptible to the same disease processes as other patients

Continual reassessment of the scene at a suspected terrorist or weapon of mass destruction incident is MOST important because: Select one: A. bystanders may destroy the evidence. B. weather conditions may change quickly. C. a secondary explosive device may detonate. D. terrorists are often at the scene after an attack.

C. a secondary explosive device may detonate.

Equipment and supplies that are carried on an ambulance should be stored:

C. according to the urgency and frequency of their use.

Multiple people in a small town began experiencing abdominal cramps, excessive salivation and urination, and muscle twitching shortly after a small crop duster plane made several passes over the community. As you are assessing the patients, you further determine that most of them are bradycardic and have miosis. In addition to high-flow oxygen, the MOST appropriate treatment for these patients includes: Select one: A. amyl nitrate and naloxone. B. activated charcoal and glucose. C. atropine and pralidoxime chloride. D. epinephrine and hyperbaric oxygen.

C. astropine and pralidoxime chloride.

You arrive at an accident scene to find an alternative-fuel vehicle leaking an unknown substance. You should immediately _________.

C. call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle

While interviewing your patient, she tells you that her husband will be back from the store shortly and can get you a list of her medications. Her daughter tells you that the patient's husband died 15 years ago. This situation is known as: Hallucination. Imagination. Contemplation. Confabulation.

Confabulation.

Chloe was born with a cardiac problem that she will have to manage the rest of her life. This disease is considered to be: Acquired. Autoimmune. Congenital. Genetic.

Congenital.

Two elements that differentiate a hazardous materials incident from a terrorist incident are: Targeting responders and weapons of mass destruction. Weapons of mass destruction and a political agenda. Targeting responders and a political agenda. Crime scene considerations and targeting responders.

Crime scene considerations and targeting responders.

Which of the following chemical agents prohibits the use of oxygen in the cells? Nerve agents Blister agents Cyanide All of the above

Cyanide

The incubation period for Ebola can be up to: Select one: A. 72 hours. B. 1 week. C. 6 months. D. 21 days.

D. 21 days.

Under what circumstances is a left ventricular assist device used?

D. As a bridge to heart transplantation while a donor heart is being located

__________ rays easily penetrate through the human body and require lead or several inches of concrete to prevent penetration. Select one: A. Beta B. Alpha C. Neutron D. Gamma

D. Gamma

A type _____ ambulance features a conventional, truck cab-chassis with a modular ambulance body that can be transferred to a newer chassis as needed.

D. I

Which of the following is the MOST common mechanism of injury in older patients?

Falls

Which of the following statements regarding depression is true?

It is diagnosed three times more commonly in women than in men.

Which of the following is NOT a form of elder abuse or neglect? Social Physical Psychological Financial

Social

Jarl is a male who is 5 foot 7 inches tall and weighs 250 pounds. What is Jarl's body mass index (rounded to the nearest tenth)? 35.2 36.5 38.4 39.1

39.1

As an adult ages, the body experiences changes that cause: Disease processes to take place. A decreased compensatory ability. An increased blood pressure. An inability to maintain homeostasis.

A decreased compensatory ability.

Which of the following is true concerning disinfection?0 A solution of 1 part household bleach to 100 parts water is an effective disinfectant for health care purposes. High level disinfection destroys all sources of infection. A low-level disinfectant will kill germs on ambulance floors and walls. All of the above

A low-level disinfectant will kill germs on ambulance floors and walls.

When heading back to quarters, on what should you place your emphasis? Documentation Beginning to reorganize the ambulance A safe return Refueling the ambulance for the next call

A safe return

You are managing a patient who is being extricated from a vehicle by a rescue crew using hydraulic tools. Which of the following items should you use in order to protect your patient during the extrication process? A short spine board to prevent debris from contacting the patient A wool blanket to protect the patient from broken glass An oxygen mask to prevent inhalation of noxious fumes An aluminized rescue blanket to protect the patient from sharp edges

A short spine board to prevent debris from contacting the patient

Which of the following BEST defines domestic terrorism? Interpersonal violence between family members A politically motivated act of violence that occurs within the United States A small group of people directing violent acts at the population or government without foreign influence Acts of violence perpetrated by American citizens against the government of another country

A small group of people directing violent acts at the population or government without foreign influence

Which of the following is adequate protection for the EMT's head while at the scene of an auto extrication? A firefighting helmet A watch cap A standard construction hardhat A Nomex hood

A standard construction hardhat

In which of the following situations would the EMTs MOST likely utilize a police escort?

A. The EMTs are unfamiliar with the location, but the police officer knows the area.

The most lethal of all the nerve agents is: Select one: A. V agent. B. sarin. C. soman. D. tabun.

A. V agent.

The process of removing dirt, dust, blood, or other visible contaminants from a surface or equipment is called:

A. cleaning.

The use of special tools to remove an entrapped patient from a vehicle is known as _________.

A. complex access

The Centennial Park bombing during the 1996 Summer Olympics is an example of: Select one: A. domestic terrorism. B. apocalyptic violence. C. an ecoterrorist attack. D. state-sponsored terrorism.

A. domestic terrorism.

When arriving at the scene of an overturned tractor-trailer rig, you note that a green cloud is being emitted from the crashed vehicle. The driver is still in the truck; he is conscious but bleeding profusely from the head. After notifying the hazardous materials team, you should:

A. position the ambulance upwind.

Common complications associated with central venous catheters include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. rupture of a central vein

All of the following are vesicant agents, EXCEPT: Select one: A. sarin. B. lewisite. C. sulfur mustard. D. phosgene oxime.

A. sarin.

While en route to a call for a patient in cardiac arrest, you approach a stopped school bus with its red warning lights flashing. You should:

A. stop and wait until the warning lights stop flashing.

Returning the emergency unit to service is part of the _________.

A. termination phase

At present, the likelihood of a nuclear attack against the United States is very low because: Select one: A. terrorist nations do not have the ability to deliver a nuclear weapon via missile or bomb. B. the United States has an effective early warning system to detect an incoming nuclear missile. C. other than the United States, no other countries are currently in possession of nuclear weapons. D. all nuclear devices or weapons that different countries are in possession of are currently accounted for.

A. terrorist nations do not have the ability to deliver a nuclear weapon via missile or bomb.

The EMT's responsibility during search-and-rescue operations is to _________.

A. wait at the staging area until the patient is located

Someone who has more hair than average on his body is at a higher risk than someone with less hair to be exposed to a toxin by which of the following routes? Ingestion Injection Inhalation Absorption

Absorption

Which of the following BEST describes the origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Acquired disease Congenital disease Either a congenital or acquired disease Neither a congenital nor acquired disease

Acquired disease

On arrival at a vehicle collision, you observe a small fire in the engine compartment. A bystander is attempting to smother the fire with a jacket as you approach with an A-B-C extinguisher from your ambulance. Which of the following is the best method of extinguishing the fire? Sweep the nozzle of the extinguisher left and right using short bursts until you are out of extinguishing agent. Aim at the base of the fire and use short bursts until the fire is out. Close the hood to contain the fire within the engine compartment. Aim the nozzle to the side of the fire and, with a sweeping motion, push the fire at its base.

Aim at the base of the fire and use short bursts until the fire is out.

A terrorist incident may have features in common with which of the following types of incidents? Infectious disease Mass casualty Hazardous materials All of the above

All of the above

Anthrax can infect an individual through which of the following routes of exposure? Inhalation Skin Ingestion All of the above

All of the above

At which of the following locations is an EMT likely to encounter a patient using an advanced medical device? Nursing home Specialty care center Private residence All of the above

All of the above

During a power failure, how should the EMT verify adequate ventilations are being administered to an unresponsive patient with a tracheostomy tube using a bag-valve mask? Observe for improving skin color. Ensure a good connection between the bag-valve mask and the tracheostomy tube. Observe for chest rise and fall. All of the above

All of the above

In which of the following settings should the EMT be alert to the possibility of hazardous materials emergencies? Manufacturing industries Farm service agencies Shipping ports All of the above

All of the above

Under which of the following conditions are safety vests with reflective trim effective in increasing the visibility of the EMT? On sunny days On cloudy days At night All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following human factors can lead to an increased risk of injury for an EMT at the scene of a vehicle collision? Physical problems that impede strenuous effort Careless attitude toward personal safety Lack of proficiency in the use of rescue tools All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is a consideration when responding to a terrorist incident? The presence of mass casualties Crime scene considerations The presence of booby-traps such as secondary explosive devices All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is a feature of a good disaster plan? It is specific to the geographical location. It has been practiced in mock disasters. It is based on the availability of resources in a particular area. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is a function of the rehabilitation sector in a hazardous materials incident? Providing for hydration of rescue crews Taking baseline vital signs before rescuers enter the operations area Performing medical assessment of rescue crews All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is an advantage of removing the roof of a vehicle that has sustained major damage in a collision? It makes the entire interior of the vehicle accessible. The EMT can better access the patients. It creates a large exit through which to remove the patient. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is an important reason for controlling spectators at the scene of an extrication incident? Spectators may get injured. It ensures respect for the patient's privacy. Spectators may interfere with rescue efforts. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following may be a clue that an incident is the result of terrorist violence? The function of the target The number of people present Occurrence on the anniversary of a significant or symbolic historical event All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following should be considered during the scene size-up of a hazardous materials emergency? The properties and potential dangers of the substance Identification of the substance All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following should the EMT consider when protecting a patient during extrication? Noise Weather Debris All of the above

All of the above

While on the scene of an emergency call involving a patient who is dependent upon a medical device for survival, the EMT can ask which of the following individuals about the specifics of the device? The patient's family The patient The patient's home health aid or nurse All of the above

All of the above

While ventilating a conscious patient's tracheostomy tube with a connected bag-valve mask, the EMT should verify the patient's comfort level for which of the following? The ventilation volume The ventilation pressure The ventilation rate All of the above

All of the above

Stabilizing a vehicle is unnecessary when a vehicle is on its roof with: All roof supports collapsed. The trunk lid in contact with the ground. The front edge of the hood in contact with the ground. The vehicle horizontal and resting entirely on the roof.

All roof supports collapsed.

Terrorist incidents typically involve all of the following agents EXCEPT:0/1 pts Explosives. Biological agents. Allergens. Nuclear agents.

Allergens.

Your patient is an 80-year-old male complaining of lower back pain that radiates through to the abdomen. He describes the pain as "ripping" in nature. He is pale, diaphoretic, and anxious, and has a blood pressure of 210/100 mmHg, a pulse of 112 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely? Gallbladder disease Diverticulitis An abdominal aortic aneurysm

An abdominal aortic aneurysm

Which of the following is NOT essential equipment on an ambulance? An automatic transport ventilator Portable oxygen tanks Pediatric oxygen administration devices Portable suction unit

An automatic transport ventilator

You are just leaving the scene of a multiple-casualty incident with two Priority 1 patients. Which of the following is appropriate regarding communication? Allow the transportation sector officer to notify the receiving facility. Notify the receiving facility by radio of the nature of the patients' injuries. Notify the receiving hospital by cellular phone of the nature of the patients' injuries. Have dispatch relay your patient reports to the receiving facility.

Allow the transportation sector officer to notify the receiving facility.

When interviewing the elderly patient, the EMT can increase the accuracy of the information he or she gains by: Speaking louder than normal. Having his or her partner assist with asking questions. Allowing sufficient time for the patient to answer. Asking multiple questions at the same time.

Allowing sufficient time for the patient to answer.

When placing cribbing: Kneel on both knees for stabilization. Always squat, so you can move away quickly. Kneel on one knee only so you can move away quickly. Kneel or squat as necessary.

Always squat, so you can move away quickly.

Regarding the use of emergency sirens, which of the following is FALSE? Dense shrubbery may block the sound of the siren. The sound of the siren may increase the patient's anxiety. Ambulance operators are not affected by siren noise. EMTs should assume that other drivers cannot hear the siren.

Ambulance operators are not affected by siren noise.

Dangerous organisms that can grow in a variety of environments and are capable of producing toxic substances are known as: Viruses. Bacteria. Toxins. Biologicals.

Bacteria.

You have just delivered a major trauma patient to the hospital. Shortly after departing the hospital, dispatch advises you of another call. The back of the ambulance is contaminated with bloody dressings and is in disarray, and you are in need of airway equipment and numerous other supplies. You should:

D. advise the dispatcher that you are out of service and to send another unit.

When functioning at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a patient will require complex extrication, you should enter the vehicle and provide care to the patient:

D. after receiving approval from the incident commander.

According to the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA):

D. all health care facilities must provide a medical assessment and required treatment, regardless of the patient's ability to pay.

Eduardo is an EMT with a major metropolitan fire department. He is assigned to a station within an industrial complex. On the scene of a hazardous materials incident, Eduardo functions on a team where he plugs a leaking drum. Eduardo's level of hazardous materials training is at the ________ level. First Responder Awareness First Responder Operations Hazardous Materials Technician Hazardous Materials Specialist

Hazardous Materials Technician

Which of the following is the correct position to use when transporting a patient who has a tracheostomy tube? Shock position Prone Head slightly elevated Supine

Head slightly elevated

When responding to an emergency located on an interstate highway in a medium-duty ambulance, the vehicle should be positioned: In a safe location in the emergency lane of the interstate. Across as many lanes as possible to block oncoming traffic. In the same direction as other response vehicles in a single line. To one side of the damaged vehicles for easy egress.

In the same direction as other response vehicles in a single line.

Where are automatic implanted cardiac defibrillators typically placed in patients who require one? In the upper left chest In the upper right chest In the lower left chest In the lower right chest

In the upper left chest

You are on the scene of a probable terrorist attack with several other agencies, both local and federal. In order to operate in an efficient manner, all agencies should follow the: Incident Control System. Interagency Command System. Incident Command System. Interagency Communication System.

Incident Command System.

Which of the following is optional equipment? Flashlights Infant oxygen masks Disinfectant solution Lubricating jelly

Infant oxygen masks

Three methods for minimizing exposure to harmful incidents are:0/1 pts Time, decontamination, and shielding. Technique, distance, and serum. Time, decontamination, and shielding. Time, decontamination, and serum.

Time, decontamination, and shielding.

Which of the following is a reason that the vehicle doors are removed to extricate the patient rather than pulling the patient through an open window? To avoid criticism from bystanders To avoid being cut by glass To allow for proper spinal immobilization All of the above

To allow for proper spinal immobilization

Which of the following BEST describes why it is important for the EMT to understand the extrication process? To anticipate any dangerous steps in the extrication process To provide direction to the rescue technicians if they appear to be making errors To take over the extrication process if requested by the rescue technicians All of the above

To anticipate any dangerous steps in the extrication process

What is the purpose of a tracheostomy in an ill patient? To assist the patient with sleeping To assist the patient with waste removal To assist the patient with breathing To assist the patient with feedings

To assist the patient with breathing

Which of the following is a purpose for carrying sterilized aluminum foil on an ambulance? To control major arterial bleeding To keep a newborn warm To care for amputated parts None of the above

To keep a newborn warm

Which safety device prevents car doors from opening during a collision? Safety lock Nader jam Nader pin Safety pin

Nader pin

You are transporting a resident of a nursing home to the hospital for a complaint of abdominal pain for 3 days. During your assessment, you note a tube protruding from the patient's nose, which is connected to a bag of milky-white fluid. This tube is known as a: Gastric tube. Nasogastric tube. J-tube. Tracheal tube.

Nasogastric tube.

When disconnecting a battery cable to disrupt a vehicle's electrical system, the EMT should disconnect the: Positive cable from the battery. Negative cable from the battery. Positive cable from the alternator. Negative cable from the alternator.

Negative cable from the battery.

Which of the following is the primary reason why ambulances should have two oxygen supply systems? To provide oxygen to two patients at one time To provide oxygen to the patient in the event of vehicle breakdown To ensure a supply of oxygen for long-distance transports To have a backup system in the event of failure of the primary system

To provide oxygen to two patients at one time

During the natural process of aging, the number of functional cilia in the respiratory system decreases, resulting in:

a decreased ability to cough

You arrive on the scene of an unknown emergency. As you scan the surrounding area, you notice a large number of people wearing unique armbands and shouting anti-government comments though you are not aware of any public gathering scheduled for today. Your suspicions of a potential terrorist incident are the result of: The location of the call. The type of event. The timing of the event. On-scene warning signs.

On-scene warning signs.

Compare the pain a patient experiences when receiving a shock from a pacemaker against the pain felt when receiving a shock from an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD). Pacemakers are painless and AICDs are painful. Both are painful. Pacemakers are painful and AICDs are painless. Both are painless.

Pacemakers are painless and AICDs are painful.

The process of combining the patient and patient-carrying device into a unit ready for moving and transporting the patient is called: Loading. Wrapping. Immobilizing. Packaging.

Packaging.

You are assessing an 83-year-old female who is having hip pain. When you count her pulse you notice that the rate is irregularly irregular. What is your treatment for this patient? The irregularity is not a reason for concern in itself. Check distal CSM, apply a pelvic wrap, place on a traction splint, and transport the patient. Contact medical control for permission to have the patient transported by helicopter from the scene. Alert paramedics to respond for a possible cardiac patient.

The irregularity is not a reason for concern in itself.

Once access to the patient is gained, which of the following is the next goal during an auto extrication? Disentanglement of the patient Primary assessment and rapid trauma exam Stabilization of the vehicle Extrication of the patient from the vehicle

Primary assessment and rapid trauma exam

Using START triage guidelines, a patient on the scene of a mass-causality incident who has no pulse is deemed a _______ patient. Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3

Priority 0

Using START triage guidelines, a patient on the scene of a mass-causality incident who is not breathing initially, but begins breathing when the airway is open, is deemed a _______ patient. Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3

Priority 1

You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario: Patient #1 is a 16-year-old female with the following vital signs: respirations 28, pulse 132, and altered mental status with cool clammy skin. Priority 3, green tag Priority 4, black tag Priority 1, red tag Priority 2, yellow tag

Priority 1, red tag

You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you only have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario. Patient #4 is a 13-year-old female with the following vital signs: respirations 8, pulse 124, and nonresponsive with blood from the ears and nose. Priority 3, green tag Priority 4, black tag Priority 1, red tag Priority 2, yellow tag

Priority 1, red tag

Using START triage guidelines, a patient on the scene of a mass-causality incident who is alert and has a capillary refill time of less than 2 seconds is deemed a _______ patient. Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3

Priority 3

With START triage, when you arrive on the scene you ask all the patients who can walk to move to one area. These patients are categorized as:0/1 pts Yellow tagged. Priority 3 walking wounded. Red tagged. Priority 4 walking wounded.

Priority 3 walking wounded.

You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you only have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario: Patient #2 is an 8-year-old male with the following vital signs: respirations 10, pulse 102, and alert mental status with warm dry skin. Priority 1, red tag Priority 3, green tag Priority 2, yellow tag Priority 4, black tag

Priority 3, green tag

You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you only have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario: Patient #5 is a 17-year-old male with the following vital signs: respirations 18, pulse 104, alert, crying, and wanting his mother; he is ambulatory. Priority 2, yellow tag Priority 3, green tag Priority 4, black tag

Priority 3, green tag

You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you only have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Please triage this patient based on this scenario: Patient #3 is a 38-year-old female with the following vital signs: respirations 0, pulse 0, and non responsive. Priority 4, black tag Priority 1, red tag Priority 2, yellow tag Priority 3, green tag

Priority 4, black tag

You are responding at emergency status to a vehicle collision in your ambulance. As you approach an intersection with a red light in your direction, you approach cautiously, come to a complete stop at the intersection, ensure all other drivers can see you, and slowly ease your way through the intersection. These actions describe your abilities to: Follow state laws regarding emergency vehicle operations. Ensure your right to proceed through a red light due to the established emergency. Proceed with due regard for the safety of all drivers on the road. Predict the travel path of other drivers who have the right-of-way.

Proceed with due regard for the safety of all drivers on the road.

Which of the following activities should NOT occur during the scene size-up? Providing airway management Determining the mechanism of injury Determining the extent of the patient's entrapment Determining the need for additional resources

Providing airway management

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the Emergency Medical Dispatcher? Prioritizing calls that come in Providing medical direction to the responding units Coordinating with other public safety agencies Providing emergency instructions to the caller

Providing medical direction to the responding units

Which of the following fractures is most common among elderly women due to falls? Distal femur Pelvis Mid-shaft femur Proximal femur

Proximal femur

A type of harm that you may be exposed to as an EMT responding to a terrorist incident that is characterized by a resulting post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD) is typically called a: Etiological harm. Radiological harm. Psychological harm. Thermal harm.

Psychological harm.

An unresponsive patient is found sitting in the front seat of a vehicle with his legs pinned under the dash. Once his legs have been freed, which of the following methods should be used for removal of the patient? Rapid take-down Rapid extrication technique Scoop stretcher Kendrick extrication device

Rapid extrication technique

While performing night operations, which of the following combinations of lights provide maximum visibility? Red/amber warning lights ON, headlights ON, fog lights ON, and traffic directional boards ON Red/amber warning lights ON, headlights OFF, fog lights OFF, and traffic directional boards ON Red/amber warning lights ON, headlights ON, fog lights OFF, and traffic directional boards ON Red/amber warning lights ON, headlights OFF, fog lights OFF, and traffic directional boards OFF

Red/amber warning lights ON, headlights OFF, fog lights OFF, and traffic directional boards ON

The current trend in international terrorism is that it tends to be motivated by which of the following? Ethics Politics Religion Environmental issues

Religion

When controlling the scene of an emergency involving damaged power poles and downed electrical wires, the EMT must remember to: Render the scene safe before entering the danger zone. Request appropriate personnel to cut the power source. Use nonconductive implements to make a safe path to victims. Use double-thickness gloves to insulate the body from electrocution.

Request appropriate personnel to cut the power source.

Which of the following is NOT the role of the first arriving EMT at the scene of a possible hazardous materials emergency? Requesting special resources to respond Recognizing a hazardous materials emergency Establishing a safe zone Rescuing any victims still in the area of the spill

Rescuing any victims still in the area of the spill

Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) is a system that relies on some simple commands and what three physiologic parameters? Respiration, pain, and mental status Circulation, sensory, and motor status Respiration, sensory, and motor status Respiration, pulse, and mental status

Respiration, pulse, and mental status

Biological warfare is most effective when the agent can gain access through which of the following routes? Blood Gastrointestinal tract Respiratory tract Skin

Respiratory tract

Which of the following measures can the EMT take to create a safer extrication scene? Setting up road flares every 10 feet for a safe distance to divert traffic away from the collision Setting up road flares around hazards such as spilled fuel Dropping road flares from the ambulance as you are approaching the scene Both B and C

Setting up road flares every 10 feet for a safe distance to divert traffic away from the collision

When responding to an emergency in an authorized vehicle while functioning as an EMT for an authorized emergency service, the actions you take while driving are: Covered by your service's insurance carrier. Subject to laws that govern all drivers. Allowable, provided you do not exceed 15 mph Not likely to result in an investigation in the event of a collision.

Subject to laws that govern all drivers.

Fainting

Syncope

When grossly decontaminating a patient who is not wearing personal protective equipment in a hazardous materials incident, which of the following techniques should be used? Taking a low-pressure decontamination shower Scrubbing with a long-handled brush Sponging with a dilute solution of water and white vinegar Using a high pressure water jet system

Taking a low-pressure decontamination shower

You are assessing a 67-year-old male patient who is experiencing a dissecting abdominal aneurysm. Typically, such a patient will describe the pain as: Dull. Tearing. Sharp. Tachy.

Tearing.

Which of the following describes vehicle glass that is designed to break into small pieces rather than shattering into sharp fragments? Tempered glass Plexiglas Leaded glass Alloy glass

Tempered glass

Which of the following is true with regards to touching a patient who is being shocked with an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD)? The EMT will always feel the shock and it is very dangerous to the EMT as well. The EMT cannot feel the shock of an AICD when delivered to the patient. The EMT will always feel the shock, but it is not very painful. It depends on the AICD model as to whether or not the EMT can feel the shock.

The EMT cannot feel the shock of an AICD when delivered to the patient.

When seeking expert advice on how to proceed at a hazardous materials incident, which of the following information is important to provide? The amount of the substance involved Your level of EMS certification Your background in chemistry Both A and B

The amount of the substance involved

Concerning aging, which of the following statements is NOT true? The diastolic blood pressure tends to rise with age. Many elderly patients have a high threshold for pain. Some elderly people have a low threshold for pain. The systolic blood pressure tends to increase with age.

The diastolic blood pressure tends to rise with age.

A 69-year-old female was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She is semiconscious with a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 74 beats/min that is weak. Her daughter, who was uninjured in the crash, tells you that her mother has a history of hypertension and takes beta-blockers. Considering the fact that this patient is probably in shock, what is the MOST likely explanation for the absence of tachycardia?

The effects of her antihypertensive medication

Regarding ambulance warning devices, which of the following statements is NOT true? Four-way flashers should not be used as emergency lights. The large lights on the outermost corners of the ambulance box should blink alternately. In most states it is illegal to drive at night with only one headlight. The use of strobes is controversial.

The large lights on the outermost corners of the ambulance box should blink alternately.

After eating at a local restaurant, a 20-year-old male complains of blurred vision, difficulty speaking, and difficulty breathing. He is conscious; however, his respirations are profoundly labored and producing minimal tidal volume. You should: Select one: A. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. B. position him supine and elevate his legs. C. request a paramedic to administer atropine. D. assist his ventilations with high-flow oxygen.

D. assist his ventilations with high-flow oxygen.

You are assessing a 440-lb man who complains of shortness of breath and lower back pain. The patient is conscious and alert, his blood pressure is 148/98 mm Hg, and his heart rate is 120 beats/min. Your MOST immediate action should be to:

D. avoid placing him in a supine position if possible and administer oxygen.

Cerebral palsy is characterized by poorly controlled ________ movement.

D. body

Points of distribution (PODs) are strategically placed facilities where: Select one: A. weapons of mass destruction are distributed. B. chemical and biologic weapons are stockpiled. C. antidotes, antibiotics, and vaccines are distributed. D. chemical weapons are manufactured and distributed.

D. chemical weapons are manufactured and distributed.

A surgical procedure that creates an opening between the intestine and the surface of the body that allows for elimination of waste products is called a(n):

D. colostomy.

A 13-year-old child is on a home ventilator. The parents called because the mechanical ventilator is malfunctioning and the child has increasing respiratory distress. You should:

D. disconnect the ventilator and apply a tracheostomy collar.

The means by which a terrorist will spread a particular agent is called: Select one: A. incubation. B. aerosolization. C. weaponization. D. dissemination.

D. dissemination.

The rescue team is in the process of extricating a 40-year-old male from his truck. The patient's wife, who was uninjured in the crash, is calmly observing the extrication and asks you if her husband will be all right. You should:

D. ensure that she is in a safe area, away from the scene.

To date, the preferred weapons of mass destruction for terrorists have been: Select one: A. nuclear weapons. B. chemical weapons. C. biologic weapons. D. explosive weapons.

D. explosive weapons.

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you can see three patients, one who is entrapped in his car and two who have been ejected from their vehicle. You should:

D. immediately request additional resources

A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain and left leg pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should:

D. immobilize him with a vest-style device

The MOST common and usually the most serious ambulance crashes occur at:

D. intersections.

Upon arrival at a trench rescue operation, you should _________.

D. park at least 500 feet from the incident

For every emergency request, the dispatcher should routinely gather and record all of the following information, EXCEPT the:

D. patient's medical history.

Upon arrival at a search-and-rescue incident, the EMS crew should _________.

D. prepare the equipment to carry to the patient

At a scene with downed electrical lines, the EMT should _________.

D. remain outside the danger (hot) zone

A 70-year-old male complains of shortness of breath. During your assessment, you note that he has bilateral hearing aids. When you ask him questions related to his chief complaint, he does not answer you. You can hear a whistling sound coming from his hearing aids. You should:

D. try repositioning the hearing aid or remove it and turn down the volume.

Assessing blood pressure on a patient with an AV shunt, fistula, or graft could lead to which of the following? Inaccurate blood pressure readings Uncontrollable hemorrhage in the extremity Damage to the AV shunt, fistula, or graft, requiring surgery Nothing, as there is no need to avoid assessing blood pressure in a patient's arm with an AV fistula, shunt, or graft.

Damage to the AV shunt, fistula, or graft, requiring surgery

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of an EMT at the scene of a hazardous materials emergency? Rehabilitating the hazmat team Decontaminating injured victims Treating injured patients Staying in the cold zone

Decontaminating injured victims

While listening to an otherwise healthy elderly patient's lungs, you note decreased breath sounds. Which of the following may explain this finding? Increased chest wall flexibility Decreased lung capacity Previous abdominal injuries Decreased blood flow to the lungs

Decreased lung capacity

Which of the following is the likely result of diminished thyroid function in the elderly? Thin, dry, wrinkled skin Decreased tolerance of heat and cold Increased toxicity of medications Difficulty chewing and swallowing

Decreased tolerance of heat and cold

Which of the following refers to a condition that interferes significantly with a person's ability to engage in activities of daily living? Handicapped Disabled Terminal Disability

Disability

A condition that interferes significantly with a person's ability to engage in activities of daily living is referred to as a: Developmental disability. Physical handicap. Disability. Special needs.

Disability.

Which of the following phases of extrication follows the other three? Recognizing and managing hazards Immobilizing and extricating the patient Stabilizing the vehicle Gaining access to the patient

Immobilizing and extricating the patient

Which of the following is NOT a consideration in the general protection against agents used in terrorist attacks? Immunization Distance from event Shielding from the agent Duration of exposure

Immunization

You are responding to the dementia unit at a nursing home for respiratory distress. When you arrive, you notice that the patient is experiencing mild dyspnea and has an altered mental status. What can you do to help determine if the patient's altered mental status is appropriate for her underlying dementia?

Find a staff member who can explain the patient's underlying mental status to you.

Which of the following is the BEST protection for an EMT's upper body during an extrication operation? Firefighting turnout coat A thick wool coat Nylon jacket with asbestos lining A thick fireproof blanket draped around the shoulders

Firefighting turnout coat

Johnny is an EMT with a local ambulance service. As part of his job, he is trained to recognize the existence of a potentially dangerous scene involving hazardous materials and know when to request a hazmat response. Johnny's level of hazardous materials training is at the _______ level. First Responder Awareness First Responder Operations Hazardous Materials Technician Hazardous Materials Specialist

First Responder Awareness

Soraya is an EMT who volunteers for a local fire department. On the scene of a hazardous materials incident, she helps prevent the incident from becoming larger and ensures bystanders remain safe. Soraya's level of hazardous materials training is at the ________ level. First Responder Awareness First Responder Operations Hazardous Materials Technician Hazardous Materials Specialist

First Responder Operations

Which of the following animals is the direct source of exposure of the bacterium that causes the plague to humans? Fleas Squirrels Rats All of the above

Fleas

Which of the following is a common hazard associated with the inner circle of a typical auto extrication? Penetrating injury from extrication tools Flying glass and metal fragments Carbon monoxide poisoning Both A and C

Flying glass and metal fragments

Which of the following should be used to protect a patient during extrication? Plastic blanket Netting Goggles None of the above

Goggles

Which of the following is NOT generally recognized as a form of terrorist incident? Harassment Explosion Industrial sabotage Biological weapons

Harassment

Andrea is an EMS supervisor with a combined EMS/Fire department. On the scene of a hazardous materials incident, she uses her knowledge of hazardous materials to support the activities of other responders and manage the scene. Andrea's level of hazardous materials training is at the _________ level. First Responder Awareness First Responder Operations Hazardous Materials Technician Hazardous Materials Specialist

Hazardous Materials Specialist

Common causes of depression in the elderly include all of the following, EXCEPT:

an acute onset of dementia.

Patients who have experienced even minor-appearing head injuries should be suspected of having a brain injury, especially if they:

are taking blood-thinning medications.

When faced with a situation in which an older patient with a terminal illness is in cardiac arrest, but written documentation regarding the patient's wishes cannot be located, the EMT should:

attempt to resuscitate the patient.

With age, the spine stiffens as a result of shrinkage of the intervertebral disc spaces, and the vertebrae becomes brittle. This increases the risk of:

compression fractures.

Using the patient's ___ shows respect and helps the patient to focus on your questions.

name

An abdominal aortic aneurysm:

is often the result of hypertension and atherosclerosis.

The stooped posture of some older people, which gives them a humpback appearance, is called:

kyphosis.

Upon entering the residence of a geriatric patient with a medical or trauma complaint, the EMT should:

observe for conditions that may make the residence unsafe.

An older woman with osteoporosis presents with pain and deformity to her left hip after she shifted her weight onto her other foot. She has MOST likely experienced a(n):

pathologic fracture.

Poor maintenance of home, poor personal care, and dietary neglect are all possible indicators of ___ elder abuse.

physical

When immobilizing a patient with a kyphotic spine to a long backboard, the EMT would MOST likely have to:

place blankets behind the patient's head.

Sedentary behavior while healing from a hip fracture would MOST likely predispose the older patient to:

pneumonia.

When caring for an elderly patient who is hearing-impaired, you should:

recall that elderly patients have difficulty hearing high-frequency sounds.

When an elderly patient presents you with multiple over-the-counter medications that he or she is taking, it is MOST important to:

recall that the patient is at risk for negative medication interactions.

Blood levels of medications may rise in the elderly, sometimes to toxic levels. This is MOST likely due to:

renal insufficiency.

The EMT should suspect left-sided heart failure in the geriatric patient who presents with:

tachypnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

A "silent" heart attack occurs when:

the usual chest pain is not present.

Many older victims of physical abuse may make false statements or lie about the origin of their injuries because:

they fear retribution from the abuser.

When explaining the need for a particular procedure to an elderly patient, you should:

use plain language and simple terms.

Common causes of syncope in older patients include all of the following, EXCEPT:

vasoconstriction.

The "E" of the GEMS diamond stands for:

environmental assessment.

EMTs are dispatched to a residence for an 80-year-old woman who is ill. The patient's daughter states that her mother almost fainted after going to the bathroom, and that her pulse was very slow. The patient's pulse rate is 80 beats/min and irregular and she is conscious and alert. The EMTs should suspect that the patient:

experienced a vasovagal response.

Motor nerve neuropathy is characterized by:

loss of balance, muscle weakness, and spasms.

Spina bifida is defined as:

D. a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column.

When caring for a patient who is visually impaired, it is important to:

B. tell him or her what is happening, identify noises, and describe the situation and surroundings.

Fractures of the pelvis in older patients often occur as the result of a combination of:

osteoporosis and low-energy trauma.

Findings during the social assessment of an older patient include all of the following, EXCEPT:

outdated medications.

A medical transport helicopter is incoming and you are responsible for setting up the landing zone (LZ). You should:

B. use weighted cones to mark all four corners of the LZ.

The use of a made-up experience to replace lost memories with imaginary ones is called: Hysteria. Confusion. Denial. Confabulation.

Confabulation.

Trench collapses usually involve large areas of falling dirt that weigh approximately _______ per cubic foot

A. 100 lb

What two medications do DuoDote Auto-Injectors contain? Select one: A. Atropine and 2-PAM chloride B. Atropine and epinephrine C. Epinephrine and 2-PAM chloride D. Lidocaine and atropine

A. Atropine and 2-PAM chloride

Chemical cold packs are carried on the ambulance for treatment of which of the following? Seizures Musculoskeletal injuries Snake bites Abdominal pain

Musculoskeletal injuries

According to the "E" in the DOPE mnemonic, which of the following actions should you perform to troubleshoot inadequate ventilation in a patient with a tracheostomy tube?

A. Check the mechanical ventilator for malfunction.

Which of the following statements regarding interaction with the caregiver of a child or adult with special health care needs is correct?

A. Communication with the patient's caregiver or family members is important because they are the most familiar with the patient's condition.

Which of the following statements regarding autism is correct?

A. Most cases of autism are diagnosed by 3 years of age.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a specialty rescue team? Water rescue Confined space High angle rescue Advanced cardiac life support

Advanced cardiac life support

You have transported a patient to the emergency department and are in the process of cleaning the ambulance while your partner is completing all required paperwork. At what point is the final phase of an ambulance call complete? As soon as you put the stretcher back in the ambulance with a clean sheet and you notify your dispatch center you are available As soon as your partner completes the patient care report and you are restocking the supplies used during the call As soon as you get back to the station and notify your dispatch center you are in quarters After your partner completes all required paperwork and you have the ambulance completely cleaned and restocked

After your partner completes all required paperwork and you have the ambulance completely cleaned and restocked

What constitutes a multiple-casualty incident (MCI)? An event that unfolds over a long period of time and requires federal, state, and local response An incident with 3 to 15 patients that the service handles without calling for additional resources An event that places a great demand on EMS equipment and personnel resources Any event that requires additional ambulances to adequately transport the patients from the scene

An event that places a great demand on EMS equipment and personnel resources

When an elderly patient complains of abdominal pain, the EMT should consider this symptom to be: Non-life-threatening unless accompanied by other symptoms. Cardiac-related until proven otherwise. An indication of a potentially serious problem. Related to a gastrointestinal problem.

An indication of a potentially serious problem.

When palpating the pulse of an elderly patient, you notice that there is an irregular pulsation without any kind of pattern or cycle to it. This is called: Pulsus alternans. Heart failure. An irregularly irregular pulse. Pulsus paradoxus.

An irregularly irregular pulse.

Abnormal blood-filled dilation of a blood vessel

Aneurysm

You are beginning triage at the scene of a mass-casualty incident in which a commuter train has derailed. Which of the following should you do first? Do a quick pulse check on al l patients at the scene. Identify al l Priority 1 patients. Announce that everyone who can get up and walk needs to go to the parking lot of a nearby building. Check the airway status of al l patients who do not appear to be moving.

Announce that everyone who can get up and walk needs to go to the parking lot of a nearby building.

An outbreak of which of the following illnesses would be LEAST likely to occur naturally? Anthrax Venezuelan encephalitis Smallpox Botulism

Anthrax

At which point should you complete your patient care report? As soon as you are free from patient duties En route to the hospital As soon as you arrive at the hospital At the end of your shift

As soon as you are free from patient duties

Which of the following statements regarding blast injuries is correct? Select one: A. Solid organs such as the middle ear, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract are the most susceptible to pressure changes. B. Solid organs are relatively protected from shock wave injury but may be injured during the secondary or tertiary blast phase. C. Tertiary blast injuries are penetrating or nonpenetrating injuries that result from flying debris, such as ordnance projectiles. D. The gastrointestinal tract is the organ system most sensitive to blast injuries and is the leading cause of death following an explosion.

B. Solid organs are relatively protected from shock wave injury but may be injured during the secondary or tertiary blast phase.

The EMT should expect that a patient who was exposed to cyanide will have: Select one: A. skin that is cherry red and hot. B. a normal pulse oximetry reading. C. an abnormally slow pulse rate. D. an abnormally slow respiratory rate.

B. a normal pulse oximetry reading.

Down syndrome is a genetic defect that occurs as the result of:

B. a triplication of chromosome 21.

You are attempting to gain access to a patient who was injured when his truck struck another vehicle from behind. The patient is conscious and alert, but is screaming in pain. You try to open the door, but it is locked. You should:

B. ask the patient if he can unlock the door

If a technical rescue team is required at the scene, but is not present when you arrive, you should:

B. check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.

During the transport phase of an ambulance call, it is MOST important to:

B. converse with the patient and provide reassurance.

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a fire at a large office complex. Witnesses tell you that they heard a loud explosion shortly before the building caught fire. You should: Select one: A. carefully document the witnesses' statements and report them immediately. B. ensure that your ambulance is parked upwind and uphill from the building. C. take standard precautions and begin searching for critically injured patients. D. tell the witnesses that you suspect that the explosion was the work of a terrorist.

B. ensure that you ambulance is parked upwind and uphill from the building.

Maintaining a cushion of safety when operating an ambulance means:

B. keeping a safe distance between your ambulance and the vehicles in front of you and remaining aware of vehicles potentially hiding in your mirrors' blind spots.

When approaching a helicopter, whether the rotor blades are moving or not, you should:

B. never duck under the body or the tail boom because the pilot cannot see you in these areas

When removing a critically injured patient from his or her vehicle, you should:

B. protect the cervical spine during the entire process.

General guidelines for safe ambulance driving include all of the following, EXCEPT:

B. regularly using the siren as much as possible.

Unlike viral agents, bacterial agents: Select one: A. are far less infectious. B. respond to antibiotics. C. are usually not treatable. D. do not replicate in the body.

B. respond to antibiotics.

The use of lights and siren on an ambulance:

B. signifies a request for other drivers to yield the right of way.

An attack on an abortion clinic would MOST likely be carried out by a(n): Select one: A. doomsday cult. B. single-issue group. C. violent religious group. D. extremist political group.

B. single-issue group.

Which of the following should be checked with the vehicle engine turned off? Dash-mounted gauges Windshield wiper operation Warning lights Battery

Battery

Full immobilization of a trauma patient, including placing a cervical collar and securing the patient to a backboard, should take place at which of the following points in time? Before moving the patient to the ambulance Before the primary assessment En route to the hospital After checking for cervical range of motion

Before moving the patient to the ambulance

Signs that identify the hazardous material contained within a transport vehicle are called: Indicators. Placards. Panels. Warnings.

Placards.

A 19-year-old female has just been extricated from her severely damaged car. She is on a long backboard and has been moved to a place of safety. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a rapid assessment. The patient is unresponsive, has slow and shallow respirations, and has bilaterally closed femur deformities. You should:

C. direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance

Most cases of anthrax begin with: Select one: A. signs of shock. B. pulmonary edema. C. flulike symptoms. D. respiratory distress.

C. flulike symptoms.

As you and your partner report for duty, you check your ambulance and begin talking about the possibility of a terrorist attack. The MOST effective and appropriate way to determine the likelihood of this happening is to: Select one: A. check with local businesses to see if they have received any terrorist threats. B. ask your immediate supervisor if he or she has been watching the local news. C. know the current threat level issued by the Department of Homeland Security. D. ascertain the current situation overseas with regard to the number of casualties.

C. know the current threat level issued by the Department of Homeland Security.

The type and severity of wounds sustained from incendiary and explosive devices primarily depend on the: Select one: A. type of material used to manufacture the device. B. pressure that is generated from the explosion itself. C. patient's distance from the epicenter of the explosion. D. size of the structure that was involved in the explosion.

C. patient's distance from the epicenter of the explosion.

The purpose of a ventricular peritoneum shunt is to:

C. prevent excess cerebrospinal fluid from accumulating in the brain.

Extrication is defined as:

C. removal from a dangerous situation or position.

Because a tracheostomy tube bypasses the nose and mouth:

C. secretions can build up in and around the tube

_____ is a brownish-yellowish oily substance that is generally considered very persistent. Select one: A. Lewisite B. Phosgene oxime C. Sulfur mustard D. Vesicant

C. sulfur mustard

In determining the potential for a terrorist attack, you should routinely observe all of the following on every call, EXCEPT: Select one: A. the type of call. B. the location type. C. weather conditions. D. victim's statements.

C. weather conditions.

At 0330, you responded to the scene of an overturned tanker truck. What organization could you contact to obtain information about the liquid the truck is carrying? The regional poison control center CHEMTREC CHEM-CALL Environmental Protection Agency

CHEMTREC

_______________ is the response agency, established in Washington, DC, as a service of the Chemical Manufacturers Association, that can provide either you or your dispatcher with information about the hazardous material and contact the shipper to provide you with information about the material. OSHA CHEMTREC HAZMART EPA

CHEMTREC

Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the EMT to take when caring for a patient with an AICD who goes into cardiac arrest? The AED should be applied and used, but CPR should not be started while on-scene or transporting the patient. No action beyond transport is required since the patient already has an implanted defibrillator. CPR and an AED should be used as indicated while on-scene and transporting the patient. CPR should be started, but the AED should not be used while on-scene or transporting the patient.

CPR and an AED should be used as indicated while on-scene and transporting the patient.

You have arrived at the scene of a motor vehicle collision to find that there are several critically injured patients. Which of the following should Begin triage of all patients before deciding on additional resources. Call for additional rescue units and transporting ambulances. Begin extrication of the most critically injured patient. Begin to care for the patient closest to your vehicle.

Call for additional rescue units and transporting ambulances.

Which of the following may be a source of ignition when an ambulance is parked off the roadway in a field of dried grass? Mobile radio Battery Leaking coolant Catalytic converter

Catalytic converter

Clouding of the lens of the eye

Cataract

In which of the following zones is the EMT expected to be staged at the scene of a hazardous materials incident? Warm zone Hot zone Cold zone Ground zero

Cold zone

Which of the following is NOT an acceptable way of attempting to identify a hazardous material? Checking the material safety data sheet Collecting a sample of the material for laboratory analysis Asking the driver of the tractor-trailer truck involved in the incident Using binoculars to obtain information from the placard on a container

Collecting a sample of the material for laboratory analysis

Which of the following is a principle of effective incident command? Command is most effective when one person is responsible for not more than six other people. The command location must not be revealed to anyone on the scene. Police, fire, and EMS must establish separate command locations. None of the above

Command is most effective when one person is responsible for not more than six other people.

The senior EMT on the first ambulance that arrived on a scene with multiple patients should assume which of the following roles until relieved by a senior official? Transport sector supervisor Commander of the entire incident Triage sector supervisor Commander of the medical aspect of the scene

Commander of the medical aspect of the scene

What is the condition called when a geriatric patient replaces lost circumstances with imaginary ones? Apoplexy Confabulation Depression Lying

Confabulation

Which of the following would be the MOST practical method of communicating with a hearing-impaired patient until his or her hearing aids can be located?

D. Using a piece of paper and writing utensil to ask questions

Which of the following statements regarding anthrax is NOT true? Select one: A. It enters the body through inhalation, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal routes. B. It is caused by a deadly bacterium that lies dormant in a spore. C. A vaccine is available to prevent anthrax infections. D. Pulmonary anthrax is associated with the lowest risk of death if left untreated.

D. Pulmonary anthrax is associated with the lowest risk of death if left untreated.

When extrication will involve cutting the roof off a vehicle, stabilization of the vehicle should include: Placing chocks on both sides of at least two wheels. Placing wheel chocks on both sides of all wheels. Deflating all tires by slashing them. Deflating all tires by pulling the valve stems.

Deflating all tires by pulling the valve stems.

Sudden change in mental status, consciousness, or cognitive processes

Delirium

Slow onset of progressive disorientation

Dementia

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of decontamination from hazardous materials? Disinfecting Disposing Deodorizing Emulsifying

Deodorizing

A segment of the body associated with a specific nerve coming from the spinal cord, along which shingles can appear, is called a: Motor unit. Dermatome. Zoster. Myelin sheath.

Dermatome.

You are assessing a patient in the front seat of a vehicle that was involved in a head-on collision. As you examine the interior of the vehicle, you notice the air bags have not deployed. What action should you take in order to render the scene safe to work? Disconnect the battery and wait 2 minutes before entering the vehicle. Disconnect the battery and continue assessing the patient. Turn the ignition to the "off" position and wait 2 minutes before entering the vehicle. Use a long spine board to shield yourself from the undeployed air bag.

Disconnect the battery and wait 2 minutes before entering the vehicle.

If the steering wheel must be displaced during extrication and the air bag has not deployed, which of the following actions is recommended by air bag manufacturers? Firmly strike the hub of the steering wheel with a mallet to deactivate the air bag before displacing the steering wheel. No action is required; only frontal Disconnect the battery cables. Secure a long backboard across the steering wheel to deflect the air bag from the patient should it deploy. Disconnect the battery cables.

Disconnect the battery cables.

Name the process that removes the biological (etiological) contamination hazards as it destroys microorganisms and their toxins. Dilution Emulsification Disinfection Absorption

Disinfection

Which of the following actions may need to be taken by the EMT when treating and transporting a patient who was exposed to, and contaminated by, a hazardous material? Wearing heavy cloth gloves Disposing of patient care equipment such as blood-pressure cuffs and backboards Wearing a gown, mask, and goggles to prevent secondary contamination Placing towels on the floor of the ambulance to soak up contaminated runoff water

Disposing of patient care equipment such as blood-pressure cuffs and backboards

Which of the following is generally NOT acceptable when interviewing an older patient?

Do not initiate eye contact, because many geriatric patients might find this disrespectful.

As it pertains to hazardous materials, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires employers to: Train employees to handle any type of hazardous materials incident. Document the appropriate level of training for each employee. Have knowledge of all hazardous materials on the premises. Ensure there is at least one person on-site trained at the technician level.

Document the appropriate level of training for each employee.

Which two types of terrorism does the Federal Bureau of Investigations define as occurring in the United States? Psychological and economic Chemical and biological Domestic and international Violent and intimidation

Domestic and international

Which of the following is a common reason that EMTs are struck by motor vehicles at the scene of motor vehicle collisions on roadways? Drivers are distracted by the scene of the collision and do not pay attention to what they are doing. EMTs sometimes lose track of what they are doing and wander into traffic. Drivers who are angry at being delayed deliberately take out their frustrations on rescue workers. All of the above

Drivers are distracted by the scene of the collision and do not pay attention to what they are doing.

Police escorts of ambulances driving at emergency status are typically discouraged because: Police officers are not accustomed to driving an ambulance. There is no guarantee that the police officer knows where the call is located. Drivers who pull over for the police officer often pull back in front of the ambulance. Ambulances do not move as fast as police cruisers.

Drivers who pull over for the police officer often pull back in front of the ambulance.

Which of the following BEST describes when positive pressure is applied to the patient's airway using a CPAP machine? Between inhalation and exhalation During exhalation only During both inhalation and exhalation During inhalation only

During both inhalation and exhalation

You are an EMT on the scene of a mass-casualty incident in which there are 50 patients from a bus roll-over. Incident command has been established and EMS, law enforcement, and rescue sectors are established. You have just discovered that one of the bus passengers was carrying a suspicious package that is now leaking a white powdery substance. Which of the following entities should you contact about this? Incident commander EMS sector officer Rescue sector officer Dispatch

EMS sector officer

Which of the following BEST describes a disease such as deafness? Acquired disease Congenital disease Either a congenital or acquired disease Neither a congenital nor acquired disease

Either a congenital or acquired disease

Which of the following groups is MOST likely to be successful in a suicide attempt? Middle-aged men Young women Teenagers Elderly men

Elderly men

The medical acronym EMD stands for which of the following? Emergency Medical Director Emergency Medical Doctor Emergency Medical Driver Emergency Medical Dispatch

Emergency Medical Dispatch

Which of the following is a resource for specific actions to be taken by personnel dealing with a hazardous materials incident? Medical protocols Emergency response guidebook Medical dictionary Food and Drug Administration toll-free hotline

Emergency response guidebook

Which of the following is the highest priority during extrication? Controlling major bleeding Maintaining the patient's airway Ensuring your personal safety Gaining access to the patient

Ensuring your personal safety

If you are first on scene, what should you do first in determining where and how should you park your apparatus? Establish Command and confirm the exact location of the incident with the dispatch center before parking. Use apparatus to institute "downstream blocking" of the scene to protect the work area. Immediately park in the same direction and in single file. Provide downstream blocking if you are driving one of the larger units.

Establish Command and confirm the exact location of the incident with the dispatch center before parking.

You are called to a local hardware store for a male patient complaining of difficulty breathing. As you pull into the parking lot you notice several people in front of the building coughing and in obvious distress. What would be an appropriate course of action at this point? Locate the patient for whom you were requested and begin treatment while another ambulance is en route for the other patients. Request a hazardous materials incident response and begin treating all patients displaying respiratory difficulties. Evaluate the scene further for indications of a hazardous environment and request a hazardous materials response. Move the people with respiratory difficulties to a distant corner of the parking lot and set up a treatment sector.

Evaluate the scene further for indications of a hazardous environment and request a hazardous materials response.

Most state statutes allow an emergency vehicle operator to do which of the following on emergency calls? Drive around lowered cross-arms at a railroad crossing Exceed posted speed limits if life and property are not endangered Be exempt from liability in the event of a collision Pass a stopped school bus with its red flashers on

Exceed posted speed limits if life and property are not endangered

The formula dose x time represents which of the following? Lethal dose Concentration Exposure Critical level

Exposure

EMS operations generally include the Mobile command center and what other six areas? Extrication, Staging, Logistics, Triage, Operations, and Transportation Extrication, Staging, Triage, Treatment, Transportation, and Rehabilitation Extrication, Staging, Triage, Air operations, Transportation, and Rehabilitation

Extrication, Staging, Triage, Treatment, Transportation, and Rehabilitation

Which of the following can serve as appropriate eye protection for an EMT on the scene of an extrication? Prescription eyeglasses Face conforming goggles A plastic face shield of the type used for Standard Precautions All of the above

Face conforming goggles

Which of the following features increases the appeal of an infectious agent for use in terrorist attacks? Low virulence Instability High infectivity All of the above

High infectivity

A 75-year-old woman complains of shortness of breath. Which of the following findings should alert the EMT to the possibility of a pulmonary embolism?

History of deep venous thrombosis

Which of the following questions is MOST helpful in distinguishing between normal age-related changes and the effects of an illness when assessing an elderly patient? How do you feel today compared to last week? How is your appetite? Are you taking your medications the way you are supposed to be taking them? When was the last time you had a bowel movement?uea

How do you feel today compared to last week?

Which of the following is the rule of thumb for determining the stability of a vehicle that has been involved in a collision? It should only be considered stable after assessment by trained rescue personnel. It is stable if the transmission is in "Park" or the parking brake is on. It is stable if it is upright on all four wheels. It is stable if the ignition is turned off.

It should only be considered stable after assessment by trained rescue personnel.

Forward curling of the spine

Kyphosis

Which of the following provides the BEST protection for the EMT's hands during a vehicle rescue operation? Leather gloves Double-thickness latex gloves Fabric work gloves with non-slip palms Elbow-length chemical-proof gloves

Leather gloves

Which of the following transport positions is indicated for the patient in shock? Legs raised 8 to 12 inches. Left lateral recumbent Sitting Recumbent

Legs raised 8 to 12 inches.

Upon arrival at the scene of a motor vehicle collision, you find a vehicle that is on fire. The fire is confined to the engine compartment and the hood is tightly closed. Of the following, which is the BEST course of action? Use a long-handled pry-bar to open the hood and put out the fire with a fire extinguisher. Let the fire burn and concentrate on extricating the patient. Wet the interior of the vehicle to keep the fire from spreading. Discharge a dry chemical fire extinguisher onto the patient's clothing to protect him from the fire

Let the fire burn and concentrate on extricating the patient.

You are at the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a single vehicle has collided with a tree. You note that the driver's side air bag has deployed. Which of the following is recommended by air bag manufacturers? Cut away the fabric portion of the air bag to get it out of the way. Lift the air bag and inspect the steering wheel for damage. Use a portable fan to ventilate the car to remove the powder from the air bag. Sharply strike the front bumper to make sure the second air bag has deployed.

Lift the air bag and inspect the steering wheel for damage.

Obesity increases the risk for which of the following health problems? Liver disease Type 2 diabetes Respiratory problems All of the above

Liver disease

An elderly patient you are transporting to the hospital for complaints of feeling faint and having abdominal pain provides you with a list of medications he currently takes. Among the medications listed is naproxen. The patient's vital signs include a blood pressure of 148/92, pulse rate of 120, respiratory rate of 28, and clear bilateral breath sounds. Which of the following would be the most likely condition the patient is experiencing related to the abdominal pain? Myocardial infarction Constipation Abdominal aortic aneurysm Lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding

While transporting a patient who has an indwelling Foley catheter, it is important to keep the collection bag: Higher than the level of the patient. Level with the patient. Lower than the level of the patient. With the patient's caregiver.

Lower than the level of the patient.

During transport, where should the catheter bag be after loading the patient and stretcher into the ambulance if the patient has an indwelling urinary catheter? In the patient's lap, but not higher than his heart On the ambulance floor Hanging from the ceiling of the ambulance or IV pole higher than the patient Lower than the patient, but not on the floor

Lower than the patient, but not on the floor

Which of the following is important to remember when communicating with an elderly patient with a hearing impairment? Speak directly into the patient's ear. You may need to shout in order for the patient to hear you. Make sure the patient can see you when you are speaking to him. It is not worth the effort to try to get information from an elderly person with a hearing impairment.

Make sure the patient can see you when you are speaking to him.

What source will provide first aid information about hazardous materials for employees at a work site? Material Safety Data Sheet Bill of lading Shipping manifest Placard

Material Safety Data Sheet

To determine the appropriate depth an EMT should insert a catheter tip into a tracheostomy tube in order to clear a blocked airway, the EMT should: Measure from the stoma to the carina. Measure against the length of the obturator. Insert the catheter until the tip is no longer visible. Multiply the internal diameter of the tracheal tube by 10.

Measure against the length of the obturator.

Which of the following is the most common type of multiple-casualty incident that EMS providers will respond to? Outbreaks of influenza Motor vehicle collisions Structure fires Hazardous materials incidents

Motor vehicle collisions

Which of the following situations are frequently problematic for patients who have tracheostomy tubes? Tracheal tears Mucus buildup Air embolism Tube malplacement

Mucus buildup

You are at the scene of a vehicle collision and have found that there is one patient who is in stable condition. At this point, the call can be categorized as: No longer a true emergency. Triaged. Tan unfounded call. A non-incident.

No longer a true emergency.

Which of the following is a good choice for preventing further injury to a patient during auto extrication? A disposable blanket A sheet Placing your body over the top of the patient None of the above

None of the above

Which of the following is an unsafe behavior that contributes to most injuries at the scene of vehicle collisions? Unknowingly walking into hazardous materials situations Antagonizing bystanders Not wearing proper protective gear Using improvised tools

Not wearing proper protective gear

You are transporting a patient who is experiencing frequent discharges of her automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator. En route to the hospital you are caring for the patient in the back of the ambulance. To protect yourself from being shocked if the defibrillator discharges, you should: Wear protective gloves that cannot conduct electricity. Make sure you do not touch the patient directly. Limit direct contact with the patient. Not worry, since the defibrillator does not pose a danger to others.

Not worry, since the defibrillator does not pose a danger to others.

Which of the following agencies have developed regulations for dealing with hazardous materials emergencies OSHA and EPA DOT and FCC NAEMT and NHTSA NHTSA and NRC

OSHA and EPA

Bariatrics is defined as the branch of medicine that deals with the cause, prevention, and treatment of which disease? Diabetes Sleep apnea Blindness Obesity

Obesity

Occlusive dressings must be carried on an ambulance to treat which of the following injuries? Amputations Tension pneumothorax Impaled object in the eye Open pneumothorax

Open pneumothorax

When working at a nighttime emergency on a roadway, which of the following safety considerations should the prudent EMS provider do to increase safety? Keep all available response lights on to warn oncoming traffic. Switch the headlights to the "high beam" position for maximum lighting. Operate amber warning lights only, if the option is available. Keep only the fog lights on to keep the light out of drivers' vision.

Operate amber warning lights only, if the option is available.

Which of the following is meant by the "1 Percent Rule" of aging? Our organ systems lose about 1 percent of function per year beginning at age 30. We lose about 1 percent of our memory capacity every year beginning at age 50. About 1 percent of the population older than age 65 has significant organ function decline. About 1 percent of the population makes it to their 85th birthday.

Our organ systems lose about 1 percent of function per year beginning at age 30.

When transporting a patient who is morbidly obese to the hospital, it is important to monitor which of the following vital signs? Pulse rate Oxygen saturation Blood pressure Blood glucose level

Oxygen saturation

Which of the following is the EMT's key role at the scene of an auto extrication? Rescue technician Patient advocate Safety officer Incident commander

Patient advocate

During your assessment of an unconscious, unresponsive 80-year-old female patient, you notice that she has dentures. Your assessment reveals she has an open airway, is breathing on her own at a rate of 12 per minute, is slightly pale, and has a bounding radial pulse. In managing this patient's airway, what would be your most appropriate action? Prepare to insert an oral airway. Remove the dentures. Perform a jaw thrust as needed. Tilt the head to a sniffing position.

Perform a jaw thrust as needed.

Which of the following is the main advantage of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis? Peritoneal dialysis is much faster. Peritoneal dialysis is more effective. Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home. Peritoneal dialysis is less prone to infection.

Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home.

Which of the following is a serious complication of a fall with chest injuries suffered by a 75-year-old male? Pneumonia Bruised ribs Blood clots Collapsed lungs

Pneumonia

Which of the following lung conditions is the fourth leading cause of death among the elderly?Chronic bronchitis Pneumothorax Pneumonia Tuberculosis

Pneumonia

Which of the following may provide the EMT with an indication of physical neglect of an elderly patient? Misuse of a person's personal belongings Evidence of sexual assault Injuries from a fall Poor hygiene

Poor hygiene

When deciding whether or not to drive to the hospital with lights and siren activated for any patient, the driver should consider: The patient's past medical history. Potential risks of making the patient's condition worse. The patient's preference for lights and siren. How many calls are waiting for an available ambulance.

Potential risks of making the patient's condition worse.

Which phase of an ambulance call is characterized by receiving a report from the off-going shift and checking the functionality of equipment? Preparing for the ambulance call Receiving and responding to a call Transferring the patient to the ambulance Terminating the call

Preparing for the ambulance call

Which of the following phases of extrication comes before the other three? Sizing up the situation Recognizing and managing hazards Gaining access to the patient Preparing for the rescue

Preparing for the rescue

Concerning the threat of nuclear devices used in terrorist attacks, which of the following is MOST likely to be used in such an attack? Military nuclear device An improvised nuclear weapon A radiological dispersal device Sabotage of facilities for nuclear research

Sabotage of facilities for nuclear research

An area near a hazardous materials incident that is upwind from the incident and on higher ground is a good location for a: Danger zone. Hot zone. Safe zone. Treatment zone.

Safe zone.

Which of the following is the correct order of operations when transferring a stable patient from his or her house to the ambulance? Package the patient for transport, select the proper patient-carrying device, move the patient to the ambulance, and load the patient into the ambulance. Package the patient for transport, move the patient to the ambulance, select the proper patient-carrying device, and load the patient into the ambulance. Select the proper patient-carrying device, move the patient to the ambulance, package the patient for transport, and load the patient into the ambulance. Select the proper patient-carrying device, package the patient for transport, move the patient to the ambulance, and load the patient into the ambulance.

Select the proper patient-carrying device, package the patient for transport, move the patient to the ambulance, and load the patient into the ambulance.

An elderly patient who is experiencing a myocardial infarction is more likely to complain of which of the following symptoms than a younger patient would? Shortness of breath without chest pain Shortness of breath with chest pain Chest pain without shortness of breath No chest pain or shortness of breath

Shortness of breath without chest pain

Which of the following is NOT a phase of the extrication process? Disentanglement Gaining access to the patient Simplification Terminating the rescue

Simplification

As you care for an elderly patient experiencing a serious medical condition, you would expect any deterioration to take place: Rapidly. Slowly, with a later shift to rapidly. Slowly and steadily. Rapidly, with a later shift to slowly.

Slowly and steadily.

Which of the following contributes most significantly to the occurrence of ambulance crashes? Time of day Size of the vehicle Speed of the vehicle Weather conditions

Speed of the vehicle

You have arrived at the scene of a vehicle collision in which there are utility wires down around the vehicle. The three occupants appear dazed and other responding units have not yet arrived. Which of the following is the BEST course of action? Cool the wires with large amounts of water to prevent a fire from starting. Encourage the occupants to exit the vehicle by jumping free of the vehicle before touching the ground. Push the wires out of the way with a long pry-bar in order to access the patients. Stay at a distance and caution the occupants to stay inside the vehicle.

Stay at a distance and caution the occupants to stay inside the vehicle.

Which of the following is NOT a role of dialysis in a renal failure patient? Remove fluid from the body Filter and detoxify the blood Remove waste from the body Stimulate blood cell production

Stimulate blood cell production

Which of the following considerations should be determined when conducting a scene size-up of a single vehicle collision involving a rollover? The make and model of the vehicle involved The mechanism of injury How many EMS supervisors are needed for command Which patient is the least injured

The mechanism of injury

You respond to the scene of a motor vehicle collision involving a small pickup truck that struck the rear of a moving tractor-trailer. The driver of the tractor-trailer is walking around and complains of neck pain. The driver of the pickup truck is conscious, but cannot exit the vehicle because the door is stuck and the steering wheel is displaced onto his lap. The passenger of the pickup truck is sitting upright in the passenger seat, is unconscious, but has radial pulses. Access to the passenger is not obstructed. A fourth patient, who was sitting in the pickup truck bed, is found about ten feet away and responds to commands appropriately. Assuming your ambulance is the only emergency vehicle on the scene currently, which of the following patients should be packaged for transport first by the next arriving ambulance? The tractor trailer driver The pickup truck driver The passenger in the pickup truck's front seat The passenger ejected from the pickup truck bed

The passenger in the pickup truck's front seat

Which of the following situations may warrant the use of helicopter transport from the scene to a medical facility? The distance to the medical facility is 15 minutes away. The patient is in cardiac arrest. The patient is located in a remote area. The patient may go into shock shortly.

The patient is located in a remote area.

Upon your arrival for a medical call at a private residence, you find an elderly male patient complaining of difficulty breathing. Which of the following findings would provide you with the most valuable information about potential problems this patient may be experiencing? The temperature in the house The patient's positioning on the couch The patient's mental status The patient's vital signs

The patient's positioning on the couch

Which of the following observations or statements represents the "E" in the GEMS diamond?

The patient's residence is cold due to a malfunctioning heater.

When transporting patients from the scene of a mass-casualty incident, who should be responsible for contacting the receiving hospital? The transporting EMT The incident commander The transportation officer The triage officer

The transportation officer

You are on an ambulance responding to a mass-casualty incident at a shopping mall on a warm Saturday afternoon. En route, you listen to the incident commander broadcast information to dispatch and all inbound units about 20 patients complaining of respiratory difficulty and a burning sensation in their eyes. Your suspicions of a potential terrorist incident are the result of: The location of the call. The type of event. The timing of the event. On-scene warning signs.

The type of event.

When arriving at the location of a motor vehicle collision on an interstate highway, you should position the ambulance so that: There is a safe area between the damaged vehicles and traffic behind the scene. There is a safe area beyond the damaged vehicles. You are nearest to the command post for easy communications with the incident commander. There is a fire truck between you and oncoming traffic.

There is a safe area beyond the damaged vehicles.

You are called to a garden center where four shoppers have collapsed after a section of shelving fell and dumped hazardous products on the floor. When you arrive on the scene, you should: Think hazmat, secure the scene by limiting access, isolate the possible contaminated from the noncontaminated, and request hazmat response. Think hazmat, dress in a Tyvek suit, secure the scene by limiting access, isolate the possible contaminated from the noncontaminated, and request hazmat response. Secure the scene quickly, triage each patient, and move to fresh air. Think hazmat, dress in a Tyvek suit, access the scene to identify the spilled product, secure the MSDS sheets, and remove victims to fresh air.

Think hazmat, secure the scene by limiting access, isolate the possible contaminated from the noncontaminated, and request hazmat response.

Who is the person that is in charge of tracking the patient's final destination? Treatment officer Staging officer Transportation officer Incident commander

Transportation officer

Which of the following methods should the EMT use first to attempt to access a patient in a vehicle while awaiting arrival of a rescue crew? Use a pry-bar to release the Nader pin in the door latch. Try all of the vehicle's doors to see if they will open. Use a heavy tool to break the window closest to the patient. Use a spring-loaded punch to break the rear window.

Try all of the vehicle's doors to see if they will open.

Which of the following serious health problems is related to homelessness? Liver disease Heart disease Tuberculosis Hypertension

Tuberculosis

You are on the scene of a vehicle collision involving a downed power line. You are walking in an area you feel is a safe distance from the line and begin to feel a tingling sensation in your feet. Which of the following would be a proper method of ensuring your safety while exiting the area? Turn 90 degrees to the direction you are walking and hop to a safe place on one foot. Turn 180 degrees to the direction you are walking and quickly run to a safe location. Turn 180 degrees to the direction you are walking and shuffle away from the danger area. Turn 90 degrees to the direction you are walking and shuffle away from the danger area.

Turn 180 degrees to the direction you are walking and shuffle away from the danger area.

The U.S. Department of Transportation has issued specifications for all of the following types of ambulances EXCEPT: Type III. Type I. Type IV. Type IV.

Type IV.

Which of the following is the MOST common type of rescue across the United States? Farm rescue Water rescue Vehicle rescue Hazardous materials response

Vehicle rescue

You are on the scene of a riot following a decision in a controversial court case. A large group of people have set fire to vehicles, broken windows, and assaulted people in the area. Which of the following would be the BEST method of incident command? Singular command by EMS Singular command by fire service Unified command Singular command by law enforcement

Unified command

When several agencies work independently but cooperatively, rather than one agency exercising control over the others, this is called:0/1 pts Unified command. Single incident command. ICS. NIMS.

Unified command.

You are in charge of your department's personnel at the scene of a mass-casualty incident. As the incident progresses, you request additional resources and a neighboring department assists you. As part of this department's response, a battalion chief responds to oversee operations. At the command post, you and the battalion chief work together to manage the incident. This cooperative management effort is known as: Dual command. Redundant command. Unified command. Incident command.

Unified command.

Which of the following are desirable characteristics of the "safe or cold zone" in a hazardous materials incident? Upwind, uphill from the spill Upwind, on the same level as the spill tDownwind, uphill from the spill Downwind, downhill from the spill

Upwind, on the same level as the spill

When attempting to extinguish a fire inside the passenger compartment, it is important to: Use the extinguishing agent sparingly to avoid creating a cloud of powder. Apply the extinguishing agent liberally to speed up the extinguishing process. Aim the nozzle of the extinguisher away from the patient to avoid hitting the patient. Resist the urge to extinguish the fire and focus on extricating any patients.

Use the extinguishing agent sparingly to avoid creating a cloud of powder.

A patient uses a home ventilator connected to his tracheostomy tube to breathe. Which of the following is the correct procedure to use when moving this patient to the ambulance? Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator. Do nothing; there is no need to ventilate the patient between the house and the ambulance. Ventilate the patient with mouth-to-mask ventilations at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator. Ventilate the patient's nose and mouth with a bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.

Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.

Which of the following is a type of chemical weapon? Bacterial toxin A bomb containing radioactive material Vesicants Plastic explosives

Vesicants

Which of the following groups of people makes up the largest portion of the homeless population? Females Veterans Children Families

Veterans

Dangerous organisms that grow inside of living cells and reproduce are known as: Viruses. Bacteria. Toxins. Biologicals.

Viruses

When responding to a multiple-casualty incident, staging refers to which of the following? Setting up a triage center from the back of your ambulance Staying on station until called upon to receive a patient Keeping a log of al l patients transported Waiting in a designated location until called upon by the designated sector officer

Waiting in a designated location until called upon by the designated sector officer

Where is the decon corridor located where patients, personnel, and equipment are econtaminated? Hot zone Cold zone Warm zone Cool zone

Warm zone

You are at the scene of a vehicle collision on an interstate highway. There are two cars involved and both are out of the lanes against the median wall. As an EMS provider, what is your primary safety concern? Ensuring the patient is properly packaged for transport Watching for distracted drivers who are driving past the scene Evaluating the risk of fire caused by ruptured fuel lines Searching for sharp edges of broken glass and torn metal

Watching for distracted drivers who are driving past the scene

Disaster plans are a predefined set of instructions that should be written to address the events that are conceivable for a particular location and which other three parts? Written, multijurisdictional, and rehearsed Well publicized, multijurisdictional, and rehearsed Well publicized, realistic, and rehearsed Written, realistic, and rehearsed

Well publicized, realistic, and rehearsed

Which of the following is the first concern when you are caring for a patient who has been in a vehicle collision? Preserving evidence, such as alcohol beverage bottles and vehicle positioning Helping law enforcement get the driver's name and insurance information Your own safety Treating life-threatening injuries

Your own safety

Which of the following does NOT have an impact on the behavior of a chemical in a mass-casualty incident? The physical state of the agent The route of entry into the body Whether it was an intentional or accidental exposure The volatility of the agent

Whether it was an intentional or accidental exposure

A specific legal document that directs relatives and caregivers regarding the medical treatment that may be given to patients who cannot speak for themselves is called a(n):

advance directive.

You have transported a stable patient with complaints of having abdominal pain for the last three weeks to the hospital. On arrival, you notice the emergency department is very busy and there are no empty beds to be found. You have attempted to get the attention of a hospital staff member to transfer the patient, but all are currently helping other patients. Your partner tells you to take the patient to the waiting room and leave him since the dispatcher of your service is holding several serious calls. What could possibly happen to you if you leave the patient in this fashion? Nothing; there are other people who are in need of an ambulance. Nothing, provided that your supervisor authorizes this action. You could possibly be charged with abandonment. You could possibly be charged with false imprisonment.

You could possibly be charged with abandonment.

Operators of emergency vehicles must drive with the safety of others in mind. This is known as driving: With due regard. Defensively. As a public servant. With emergency privilege.

With due regard.

After responding to the scene of a patient complaining of difficulty breathing, you and your partner determine that the patient's condition is not life threatening based on a thorough assessment. You should transport the patient to an appropriate medical facility: With the emergency lights on, but without activating the siren. With the emergency lights off, but activating the siren when traffic builds. With both lights and siren activated. With neither lights nor siren activated.

With neither lights nor siren activated.

Which of the following is the easiest way for an EMT to communicate with a patient with drastic hearing loss? Slow down your speech so that the patient can read your lips. Write your questions using paper and pen. Use a TDD/TYY telephone. Speak loudly and directly into the patient's ear.

Write your questions using paper and pen.

An 84-year-old male fell a week ago and has been bedridden since then. Today, he presents with an altered mental status. His skin is pale and cold and his respirations are rapid and shallow. The EMT should suspect:

a systemic infection.

A 70-year-old man complains of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. He has dried blood on his lips and is very anxious. His left leg is red, swollen, and painful. The EMT should:

administer high-flow oxygen.

Clouding of the lenses of the eyes is called:

cataracts.

The slow onset of progressive disorientation, shortened attention span, and loss of cognitive function is known as:

dementia.

When assessing a geriatric patient who has possibly experienced an acute ischemic stroke, it is MOST important to:

determine the onset of the patient's symptoms.

When assessing a 78-year-old female who complains of shortness of breath, the EMT should:

determine the position in which the patient normally sleeps.

To minimize distractions and confusion when assessing an older patient, you should:

have only one EMT speak to the patient at a time.

An elderly patient may understate or minimize the symptoms of his or her illness because:

he or she fears hospitalization.

The reduction in brain weight and volume increases an older person's risk for:

head trauma.

The leading cause of death in the geriatric patient is:

heart disease.

You are assessing a 70-year-old female who complains of intense thirst, frequent urination, and dizziness. She has a history of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. Her blood glucose reads "high." She is conscious, but confused. Her blood pressure is 92/52 mm Hg, her pulse rate is 130 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min and shallow. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with:

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma (HHNC).

Talking about an elderly patient in front of him or her to other members of the family:

may cause the patient to think that he or she has no say in making decisions.

A drop in blood pressure with a change in position is referred to as:

orthostatic hypotension.

Hip fractures are more likely to occur when bones are weakened by ___ or infection.

osteoporosis

In contrast to younger patients, older patients are more prone to a decrease in blood pressure upon standing because:

the body is less able to adapt the BP to rapid postural changes.

Geriatric patients present as a special problem for caregivers because:

the classic presentation of disease is often altered.

A 77-year-old female presents with an acute onset of altered mental status. Her son is present and advises that she has a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes, and glaucoma. He further advises that she takes numerous medications and that she is normally alert. When you assess this patient, it is important to note that:

the patient is experiencing delirious behavior, which suggests a new health problem.

When transporting a stable older patient to the hospital, the MOST effective way to reduce his or her anxiety is to:

transport him or her to a hospital that he or she is familiar with.