EMT Test Prep Chapters 1-6 plus BLS
When performing CPR, chest compression should not be delayed or stopped more how many seconds? 30 seconds 15 seconds 2 seconds 10 seconds
10 seconds
The continuous quality improvement (CQI) process is designed to: identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed. focus specifically only on the quality of emergency care provided to the patients by EMTs. provide punitive action to EMTs who do not follow local protocols. ensure that all EMTs maintain licensure through the state EMS office.
identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed.
The topographic term used to describe the part of the body that is nearer to the feet is: internal. inferior. dorsal. superior.
inferior.
Two EMTs witnessed a call in which a coworker gave adequate medical care but ignored the patient's emotional needs. The coworker was deliberately rude solely because the patient was thought to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The EMTs ignored the coworker's treatment of this patient and took no steps to prevent this behavior from happening again. This lack of action on the part of the two EMTs is considered: illegal but ethical. illegal and unethical. legal but unethical. legal and ethical.
legal but unethical.
When communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: all older patient will have some form of dementia. speaking very loudly and distinctly will ensure that the patient can hear you. hostility and confusion should be presumed to be due to the patient's age. most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions.
most older people think clearly and are capable of answering questions.
When providing a patient report via radio, you should protect the patient's privacy by: refraining from objective statements. using coded medical language. not disclosing his or her name. withholding medical history data.
not disclosing his or her name.
Trauma to the __________ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances. temporal occipital frontal parietal
occipital
The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium. mastoid sphenoid orbit occiput
orbit
The knee has a specialized bone called the: patella. femur. calcaneus. tibia.
patella.
The bones that comprise the fingers and toes are called: phalanges. metatarsals carpals. metacarpals.
phalanges.
Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body? adrenal pituitary thyroid parathyroid
pituitary
Which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word "dorsal"? anterior palmar posterior medial
posterior
Which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word "dorsal"? anterior posterior palmar medial
posterior
You are treating a man with a closed head injury following an assault by a burglar. The patient, who has slurred speech, becomes verbally abusive and tells you to leave him alone. You should: ask a police officer to transport the patient to the hospital. have the police arrest him so that you can legally begin treatment. allow him to refuse treatment since the injury was not his fault. proceed with treatment and utilize law enforcement if necessary.
proceed with treatment and utilize law enforcement if necessary.
The application of oxygen for a patient who is short of breath without having to contact the physician in the emergency department is an example of which of the following? Breach of duty Standards of care On-line medical direction Standing orders
Standing orders
Which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is MOST correct? Give the child minimal information to avoid scaring him or her. Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety. Unlike adults, children cannot see through lies or deceptions. Most children are intrigued by strangers wearing uniforms.
Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety.
Which of the following statements regarding the NREMT (National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians) is correct? The NREMT is a governmental agency that certifies EMTs. The NREMT is the exclusive licensing body for EMTs. The NREMT provides EMS certification testing. EMS training standards are regulated by the NREMT.
The NREMT provides EMS certification testing.
The seat of respiratory control is found in the: chest. medulla oblongata. nose. lungs.
. medulla oblongata.
Which of the following general statements regarding consent is MOST correct? All patients older than 18 years can legally refuse treatment or transport. Expressed consent is valid only if given in writing by a family member. A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated. Patients who are intoxicated are generally allowed to refuse treatment.
A patient can consent to transport but can legally refuse to be treated.
Which of the following best describes a person who speaks up on behalf of the patient and acts in the best interst of? Representative Advocate Guardian Assistant
Advocate
A major tornado has hit the neighboring town, knocking down power lines and injuring several people. What will provide the best chance to give your patient report to the receiving facility? Landline at the patient's house Cell phone at the scene Portable radio at the residence Ambulance mobile radio
Ambulance mobile radio
Which victim of a severe airway obstruction should receive abdominal thrusts? An average size 27-year-old male An obese 50-year-old male In average size 9 month old infant A woman who is obviously pregnant
An Average size 27 year old male
What is the correct chest compression depth for a Child? At least 1/4 the depth the chest or 2.5 cm At least 1/3 the depth of the chest or 5 cm At least 1/2 the depth of the chest or 7.6 cm At least 1/2 the depth of the chest or 4 cm
At least 1/3 the depth of the chest or 5 cm
__________ is a response to the anticipation of danger in pediatric patients. Despair Anxiety Rage You Answered Anger
Anxiety
Which of the following refers to a program or process for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of an EMS system? Total quality thoughtfulness System effectiveness management Quality and Quantity board Continuous Quality Improvement
Continuous Quality Improvement
Sharing information about a patient's medical history with your neighbor after you hear a call on a radio scanner would constitute which of the following? Slander Violation of the Ryan White Act Libel Breach of confidentiality
Breach of confidentiality
You are caring for a 47-year-old male patient with classical chest pain suggestive of a myocardial infarction. Based on your understanding of the cardiovascular system, you know he could be suffering from damage, narrowing, or blockage of what arteries? Pulmonary arteries Coronary arteries Brachial arteries Femoral arteries
Coronary arteries
What type of blood vessels surround the alveoli? Capillaries Veins Arteries Arterioles
Capillaries
Which of the following best describes training that supplements the EMT's original training and that is usually taken in regular intervals throughout their career? Continuing education Distance education Recertification Continuous quality improvement
Continuing education
Which of the following is the correct manner for making a correction on a patient care report? Use typing correction fluid to cover up the error and write over it. Draw a single line through the error and initial it. Get a credible witness to co-sign your patient care report. Blacken out the entire error and draw an arrow to the correct information.
Draw a single line through the error and initial it.
What would determine that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: EMS research. local protocols. fire captain on scene. the lead EMT's decision.
EMS research
When performing CPR how often should you switch chest compressors? Switching chest compressors is not needed Every two minutes or five cycles Until the person becomes tired Every 30 to 60 seconds or five cycles
Every two minutes or five cycles
Which type of consent must be used by the EMT when seeking to treat a mentally competent adult? Unconditional consent Conscious consent Implied consent Expressed consent
Expressed consent
Which of the following is NOT a stage in the grief process? Fear Acceptance Bargaining Denial
Fear
You are first on the scene of a vehicle collision where a vehicle has gone off a bridge and is partially submerged. You are told that a person is still trapped in the vehicle. Your partner starts to take off his shoes and prepares to go in to save the victim. You stop your partner and tell him it is too dangerous. He tells you he is prepared to die to save a life. What is the best response to him? His family will not receive any benefits if he is not trained in rescue and dies while attempting a rescue. He will force additional fire units to come to his aid unnecessarily and waste taxpayer money. The patient's family may sue him if he is not successful in rescuing him. He is not only putting his life at risk, but also placing the lives of the professional rescuers unnecessarily at risk.
He is not only putting his life at risk, but also placing the lives of the professional rescuers unnecessarily at risk.
The American Heart Association recommend using high-performance teams in cardiac arrest for the purpose of; High performance teams are not recommended by the American Heart Association Improving chest compression fraction and improving cardiac survivability They look more professional for EMTs It allows for better ventilation in cardiac arrest
Improving chest compression fraction and improving cardiac
When performing chest compressions the compressors should allow for full chest recoil because; Chest recoil is not a critical component of CPR Incomplete chest recoil reduces the amount of oxygen getting to the lungs Incomplete chest recoil improves patient survivability Incomplete chest recoil reduces the filling of the heart between compressions
Incomplete chest recoil reduces the filling of the heart between compressions
Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom of stress? Loss of interest in enjoyable hobbies and activities Increase in risk-taking behavior such as gambling or dangerous sports Irritability with friends, family, co-workers, or patients Inability to concentrate on detailed subjects
Increase in risk-taking behavior such as gambling or dangerous sports
You and your EMT partner are assigned to spend a day at the senior center where you are to inspect the rooms and common areas for fall hazards. Your partner is upset that he is not in the ambulance where the "action is." He complains that "looking for loose rugs" is a waste of his time. What would be the best response to his complaints? Injury prevention in the community is an important component of EMS. It makes the taxpayers happy. It is good practice for the next emergency call. It minimizes the number of 911 calls late at night.
Injury prevention in the community is an important component of EMS.
Which of the following behaviors would be considered a common sign of stress rather than an acute psychological problem? Increased speeding and reckless driving Failure to use PPE appropriately on a regular basis Irritability with friends, family, coworkers, or patients Flashbacks, nightmares, and feelings of detachment
Irritability with friends, family, coworkers, or patients
Which of the following statements regarding the Good Samaritan law is correct? It provides the EMT immunity from a lawsuit. It guarantees that the EMT will not be held liable if he or she is sued. The law does not protect EMTs who are off duty. It will not protect the EMT in cases of gross negligence.
It will not protect the EMT in cases of gross negligence.
You are on the scene of an unresponsive woman who smells of alcohol and has been beaten. As you begin treatment, a man identifying himself as the woman's husband tells you to get out of his house or he's going to kill you. Which of the following should be your immediate course of action? Try to "talk the man down" as you continue your treatment of the patient. Shield the woman with your body and have your partner call for help. Leave the house and call for help. Get the woman out of the house as quickly as possible.
Leave the house and call for help.
You are dispatched to a female with altered mental status. Once inside the home, you find a female who appears to have been beaten unconscious. A man, who smells of alcohol, says that she is his wife and that he doesn't know what happened: "I just found her this way!" The husband is behaving suspiciously, appears paranoid, and is pacing erratically around the room. What would be the safest course of action? Question the man and asked if he assaulted the patient? Leave the house and call for law enforcement. Continue to question the man and begin treating the patient. Have your partner call for help while you stay with the patient.
Leave the house and call for law enforcement.
Which of the following is the only movable bone of the face? Maxilla Mandible Zygoma Manubrium
Mandible
The EMT is on-scene of a 57-year-old male patient complaining of chest pain; the EMT must contact medical direction on the phone to assist with the patient's nitroglycerin. Contacting medical control for orders is known as which of the following? On-line medical direction On-call medical direction Off-line medical direction Off-site medical direction
On-line medical direction
Which of the following terms best describes the action in which an EMTs acts in the best interest of the patient? Patient assessment Focused assessment Definitive care Patient advocate
Patient advocate
What is important to remember about AED pad placement on Infants? Place one adult pad on the chest and one adult pad on the back If child pads not available, do not use the adult AED Place one adult pad on the chest only Insured that the pad overlap each other in very small infants
Place one adult pad on the chest and one adult pad on the back
You have been dispatched to the site of a construction accident where a 36-year-old male patient was moderately cut by some machinery. His left arm has a 4" deep laceration that appears to have stopped bleeding with the gauze and direct pressure applied by his coworkers. Your knowledge of physiology suggests that which component of blood was partially responsible for forming clotting factors to stop the bleeding? Platelets White blood cells Plasma Red blood cells
Platelets
What is the 5th link in the pediatric out of the hospital chain of survival? Post cardiac arrest care High-quality CPR Rapid defibrillation or AED ALS
Post Cardiac Arrest Care
As an EMT, you are asked to help participate in a free vaccination clinic. This is an example of the EMT's role in which of the following? Public health Disaster preparedness Socialized medicine EMTs may never do this
Public health
When giving a radio report to the hospital, which of the following would be the first patient-specific information provided? The patient has taken nitroglycerin. The patient is complaining of chest pain. The patient is having a heart attack. The patient is a 55-year-old male.
The patient is a 55-year-old male.
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate statement for the EMT to make on a patient care report? The patient has a history of asthma. The patient had wheezes that were audible without using a stethoscope. The patient complains of difficulty breathing. The patient was having an asthma attack.
The patient was having an asthma attack.
You have just come on duty. The EMT on the previous shift complains to you that the QI manager was giving him grief because he did not document three sets of vital signs on the patient record. The EMT is angry and does not understand why documenting three sets of vital signs is so important. What is the best answer you could give him? The recording of three sets of vital signs demonstrates that you were trending the patient's condition. Vital signs are something you have to fill out because the state requires it. It is important you show the QI manager that you are a team player. The report looks better when all the boxes are filled out.
The recording of three sets of vital signs demonstrates that you were trending the patient's condition.
Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct? The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously. Bargaining is the most unpleasant stage of the grieving process. It is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages. The grieving process typically begins with severe depression.
The stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.
What is the larger bone of the lower leg? Patella Femur Tibia Fibula
Tibia
Which of the following best describes the purpose of modern emergency medical services (EMS) systems? To have trained personnel respond quickly and provide emergency care on the scene and transport, to appropriate medical facility. Paramedics responde to all medical calls for transport to ER To have trained personnel knowledgeable in all aspects of emergency medical care,BLS and ALS respond to all emergencies. To have trained personnel understand the limitations of their training and "do no harm"
To have trained personnel respond quickly and provide emergency care on the scene and transport, to appropriate medical facility.
As a healthcare professional you should assess the adequacy of positive pressure ventilation by looking for, Increasing size of the abdomen Increase in pulse rate Visible equal rise and fall of the chest Noisy sounds coming from the chest
Visible equal rise and fall of the chest
What is the inferior most portion of the sternum? Sternal notch Body Manubrium Xiphoid process
Xiphoid process
To help protect patients, EMS agencies are required to have __________. a privacy officer to answer questions public forums with their medical director a secure patient reporting system online access to patient records
a secure patient reporting system
Depending on how the protocols are written, you may need to call medical control for direct orders to: administer certain treatments. request assistance from other agencies. start BLS on unresponsive patients. transport a patient.
administer certain treatments.
The major artery that comes off the heart and that supplies all other arteries with blood is the: brachial. carotid. aorta. femoral.
aorta.
The joints of the hips and shoulders are examples of ________ joints. pivot ball-and-socket fibrous saddle
ball-and-socket
A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being: proximal. unilateral. medial. bilateral.
bilateral.
A person's bones would become brittle if he or she was deficient in: sodium. calcium. potassium. magnesium.
calcium.
The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the: venules. arteries. capillaries. arterioles.
capillaries.
Select the areas of the spinal column in descending order. cervical, thoracic, coccyx, lumbar, sacral cervical, thoracic, sacral, lumbar, coccyx cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, coccyx cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the: ischium. sacrum. coccyx. ilium.
coccyx.
The connecting nerve, a nerve of the peripheral nervous system, functions by: connecting sensory nerves directly to the matrix. connecting the sensory and motor nerves and bypassing the brain. connecting the spinal cord directly to the target tissues of eyes, nose and toes. connecting motor nerves directly to the walls of the blood vessels.
connecting the sensory and motor nerves and bypassing the brain.
The Sellick maneuver is performed by applying pressure to the: thyroid cartilage. cricoid cartilage. cricothyroid membrane. tracheal rings.
cricoid cartilage
The criteria to be licensed and/or employed as an EMT include: demonstration of the ability to lift and carry at least 200 pounds. current certification of a professional level CPR course. have a minimum of 30 college credit/unit hours. proof of a clear blood test checking for diseases.
current certification of a professional level CPR course.
The prone position ________. describes the body lying face downward describes the body lying face upward is also called the anatomical position sitting up with legs bent
describes the body lying face downward
The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles fill with blood is called: systole. cardiac output. stroke volume. diastole.
diastole.
An EMT would MOST likely be held liable for abandonment if he or she: terminated care of a competent adult patient at his or her request. did not make provisions for continued care of an injured patient. remained at the hospital for 30 minutes to give a patient report. refused to care for a violent patient who is armed with a knife.
did not make provisions for continued care of an injured patient.
The suffix "-pathy" means: disease. specialist. study of. enlargement.
disease.
The pulse palpated on the top of the foot is called the ________ pulse. phalynx proximalis tibialis posterior dorsalis pedis suprametatarsal
dorsalis pedis
Where would you MOST likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor? driver's license voter registration card Social Security card insurance card
driver's license
You and your partner are the first to arrive at a potential crime scene with a critically injured patient involved. The scene is safe. Your first priority is to: provide immediate patient care. determine why the patient was injured. wait for law enforcement to arrive. notify medical control for advice.
provide immediate patient care.
In relation to the wrist, the elbow is: proximal. medial. lateral. distal.
proximal
A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should: tell the family member that it is not your fault. subdue the family member until the police arrive. retreat and notify law enforcement personnel. ignore the family member and assess the patient.
retreat and notify law enforcement personnel.
The part of the brain that controls the left side of the body is the: right side cerebrum. left parietal lobe. right temporal lobe. left side cerebrum.
right side cerebrum.
The liver can be found in the ________. right lower quadrant (RLQ) and right upper quadrant (RUQ) left lower quadrant (LLQ) and right lower quadrant (RLQ) left upper quadrant (LUQ) and left lower quadrant (LLQ) right upper quadrant (RUQ) and left upper quadrant (LUQ)
right upper quadrant (RUQ) and left upper quadrant (LUQ)
During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, screening and assigning a priority to each call based on the dispatchers own personal preferences. choose which responding EMS units based on what EMTs are working that unit selecting and notifying the correct EMS response units and personnel. discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives.
selecting and notifying the correct EMS response units and personnel.
The cervical spine is composed of ___________ vertebrae. seven six five four
seven
The cervical spine is composed of ___________ vertebrae. six four seven five
seven
Using the ankle as a reference point, the knee is __________ to the ankle anterior inferior posterior superior
superior
Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is generated when: carbon dioxide levels in the liver are high. the cells function without oxygen. circulating FTE, HTZC and RNA levels fall. the cells function with adequate oxygen.
the cells function with adequate oxygen.
In which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information? a police officer requests a copy to place on file the family requests a copy for insurance purposes the patient is competent and signs a release form a media representative inquires about the patient
the patient is competent and signs a release form
You are caring for a driver who struck a light pole. She admits to drinking alcohol but orders you not to tell anyone. You should report the information to __________. no one should be told the receiving nurse or doctor law enforcement personnel your medical director
the receiving nurse or doctor
You suspect that a 6-year-old girl has broken her leg after falling from a swing at a playground. Shortly after you arrive, the child's mother appears and refuses to allow you to continue treatment. You should: tell the mother that her refusal is a form of child abuse. ask the mother to sign a refusal form and then leave. try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed. use your authority under the implied consent law.
try to persuade the mother that treatment is needed
You and your partner are dispatched to a residence for an "ill person." When you arrive, you find that the patient, a 44-year-old man, does not speak English. There are no relatives or bystanders present who can act as an interpreter. You should: give the patient oxygen, assess his vital signs, and transport him to the hospital in a position of comfort. refrain from performing any assessment or treatment until you can contact someone who can function as an interpreter. speak to the patient with a moderately louder voice to facilitate his ability to understand what you are saying. use short, simple questions and point to specific parts of your body to try to determine the source of the patient's complaint.
use short, simple questions and point to specific parts of your body to try to determine the source of the patient's complaint.
A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" represents: ventricular filling. atrial contraction. ventricular relaxation. ventricular contraction.
ventricular contraction.
If you use a waterless handwashing substitute in the field, it is important to: wait at least 5 minutes before touching another patient. avoid donning another pair of gloves for at least 10 minutes. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital. immediately dry your hands with a paper towel.
wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.
The carpal bones form the: hand. foot. ankle. wrist.
wrist.
The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the: xiphoid process. jugular notch. sternal notch. angle of Louis.
xiphoid process.
In which of the following situations does the EMT NOT have a legal duty to act? you stop and start helping an injured patient while off duty at the mall. when at work you stop to check on a person who fell down in a public area. Police dispatch request you to assist in an emergency. you are driving by a motor vehicle crash while off duty on the road.
you are driving by a motor vehicle crash while off duty on the road
