EMTKC - 31

11. Deformity caused by a fracture would MOST likely be masked by: A) swelling. B) guarding. C) crepitus. D) ecchymosis.

A

14. The act of pulling on a body structure in the direction of its normal alignment is called: A) traction. B) reduction. C) stabilization. D) immobilization.

A

17. The MOST commonly fractured bone(s) in the body is/are the: A) clavicle. B) scapula. C) radius and ulna. D) midshaft femur.

A

24. Femoral shaft fractures can result in up to _____ mL of internal blood loss. A) 1,000 B) 1,500 C) 2,000 D) 4,000

A

26. A person who experiences a calcaneus fracture after jumping and landing on his or her feet would MOST likely experience an accompanying fracture of the: A) thoracic spine. B) lumbar spine. C) coccygeal spine. D) symphysis pubis.

B

19. You receive a call to a local gymnasium for a basketball player with a dislocated shoulder. Upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17-year-old male, sitting on the ground. He is holding his left arm in a fixed position away from his body. There is an obvious anterior bulge to the area of injury. You should: A) assess distal pulse, motor, and sensory functions. B) gently attempt to move his arm toward his body. C) place a pillow under his arm and apply a swathe. D) flex his arm at the elbow and then apply a sling.

A

25. The MOST common and significant complication associated with fractures or dislocations of the knee is: A) neurovascular compromise. B) internal bleeding and shock. C) ligament and cartilage damage. D) total depletion of synovial fluid.

A

28. You and your partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient's deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should: A) stop and splint the leg in the deformed position. B) assess distal pulses and continue pulling traction. C) gently massage the thigh muscles to relax them. D) flex the knee and place a pillow under the thigh.

A

7. In moving joints, the ends of the bones are covered with: A) articular cartilage. B) synovial tendons. C) muscular fascia. D) gliding cartilage.

A

8. Which of the following joints allows no motion? A) Skull sutures B) Sacroiliac joint C) Shoulder joint D) Sternoclavicular joint

A

12. If a dislocated shoulder has spontaneously reduced before your arrival, the only way to confirm the injury is by noting: A) distal circulation. B) the patient history. C) bruising to the shoulder. D) the presence of deformity.

B

13. Common signs and symptoms of a sprain include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) swelling. B) deformity. C) ecchymosis. D) point tenderness.

B

16. Care for a patient with a fractured tibia and suspected compartment syndrome includes: A) applying traction to maintain distal pulses. B) keeping the leg at the level of the heart. C) immobilizing the leg with an air splint. D) applying chemical hot packs to the leg.

B

2. Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain? A) Cardiac B) Skeletal C) Smooth D) Autonomic

B

20. A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the: A) distal ulna. B) distal radius. C) proximal radius. D) radius and ulna.

B

22. A 45-year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for: A) anterior hip dislocation. B) posterior hip dislocation. C) a thoracic spine fracture. D) fracture of the tibia or fibula.

B

5. Bone marrow produces: A) cartilage. B) blood cells. C) lymphocytes. D) electrolytes.

B

9. A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a __________ fracture. A) greenstick B) pathologic C) transverse D) comminuted

B

10. A(n) __________ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities. A) greenstick B) diaphyseal C) epiphyseal D) metaphyseal

C

15. Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize and secure fractures of the: A) hip. B) pelvis. C) femur. D) humerus.

C

23. A 77-year-old woman slipped and fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. She denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that it is shortened and externally rotated. Distal pulses, sensory, and motor functions are intact. You should: A) manually stabilize her left leg, apply a traction splint, and then secure her to a long backboard or scoop. B) carefully slide a long backboard underneath her, keep her in a supine position, and apply a splint to her leg. C) place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps. D) bind both of her legs together with triangular bandages and carefully secure her onto the ambulance stretcher.

C

27. A 20-year-old male collided with another player during a hockey game and complains of severe pain to the left shoulder. Assessment reveals that the clavicle is bulging anteriorly at the shoulder. The EMT should suspect: A) dislocation of the glenohumeral joint. B) posterior dislocation of the shoulder. C) separation of the acromioclavicular joint. D) multiple fractures of the proximal humerus.

C

3. Atrophy is a condition that occurs when: A) increased use of skeletal muscle causes an increase in its strength. B) the tendons that attach muscle to bone become stretched or injured. C) muscle decreases in size and function. D) carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other wastes accumulate in the muscle.

C

1. Which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct? A) Striated muscle is involuntary because you have no conscious control over it. B) Most of the body's striated muscle is found within the walls of the blood vessels. C) Striated muscle tissue is attached directly to the bones by tough bands of cartilage. D) It forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint.

D

18. Following direct trauma to the left upper back, a 44-year-old male presents with diaphoresis and restlessness. His blood pressure is 100/50 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and weak, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. Your assessment reveals abrasions and contusions over the left scapula. You should: A) hyperventilate him with a BVM and monitor his oxygen saturation. B) apply high-flow oxygen, perform a detailed secondary assessment, and transport. C) focus your assessment on his scapulae and clavicles and apply high-flow oxygen. D) apply high-flow oxygen, consider spinal precautions, and transport without delay.

D

21. When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed: A) into a fist. B) in a straight position. C) in an extended position. D) in a functional position.

D

4. What type of muscle contracts and relaxes to control the movement of the contents within its structures? A) Cardiac B) Skeletal C) Striated D) Smooth

D

6. Bones are connected to other bones by bands of tough fibrous tissues called: A) bursa. B) tendons. C) cartilage. D) ligaments.

D