Endocrine

DNES - diffuse neuroendocrine system

GI tract and derivatives

what acts on corpus luteum

LH

Estrogen: what kind of hormone secreted by whats the function

Steroid hormone secreted by corpus luteum (cyst in ovary ) promotes the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics regulating the uterine cycle. also produced by placenta during a pregnancy

what does the thyroid gland produce

T3 and T4 - these regulate metabolism T3 = tri-iodothyronine T4 = thyroxine also produces hormone calcitonin

Renin indirectly signals adrenal cortex to secrete ______

aldosterone

parathyroid gland - location

at the back of the thyroid gland are v important four spots

thymus location? function?

close to heart t- lymphocytes mature here = so critical for immune function stock of t -lymphocytes is built up early in life, so thymus reaches full size at puberty and shrinks after. still functions tho.

central medulla - what hormone is produced here give general term and specific example

direct enervation to control the RELEASE of hormones such as adrenaline medulla produces catecholamine

what are the secondary endocrine organs

heart GI Tract liver Kidneys Skin

list all the secondary ones - 6

heart stomach liver kidney small intestine skin

where is the thyroid gland found?

in the neck region just below the larynx above around the trachea

placenta where is it? what is its function what is its endocrine function ? name all hormones

links developing fetes to the maternal uterine wall facilitates nutrient uptake, removal of waste gas exchange endocrine function = secretion of: steroid hormones: - estrogen and progesterone protein hormones : human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Corticotropic Releasing Hormone(CRH) human Placental Lactogen (hPL)+

ovaries location ? which hormones are secreted? regulated by?

located in pelvic cavity secrete: --> steroid hormone :estrogen and progesterones --> protein hormones :inhibin and relaxin regulated by FSH + LH - from anterior pituitary.

testes location primary function what regulates testosterone levels

located in scrotum primary function is to produce: sperm, steroid hormones (androgens ) - mainly testosterone regulated by FSH and LH from anterior pituitary.

skin

modified cholesterol with UV exposure becomes vitamin D precursor of vit D necessary for calcium metabolism. signals intestine to absorb Ca

PIGS. where is this produced?

pancreas Pancreatic polypeptide insulin glucagon somatostatin

what does the thymus gland produce

peptide hormone THYMOSIN stimulates activity of Tcells and antibody production in bone marrow.

which gland produces melatonin

pineal gland

which glands are located in the brain

pineal gland hypothalamus pituitary gland

list all the primary organs. 11 glands -P5 -T3 -AOH

pineal gland hypothalmaus pituitary gland thyroid gland parathyroid gland thymus adrenal gland pancreas ovaries testes placenta

whats the difference between the primary endocrine and secondary endocrine organs.

primary endocrine organs main function - or primary function is to secrete hormones. no other major function. secondary organs are those which have a primary function which is non endocrine ( not to secrete hormones)

outer cortex - what hormone is produced here

produces corticosteroids in response to regulatory hormones secreted into the bloodstream. eg cortisol

Inhibin what kind secreted by function.

protein hormone secreted by follicular cells. inhibits secretion of FSH from anterior pituitary = neg feedback control of the plasma levels of the steroid hormones produces by the gonads.

RELAXIN

protein hormone secreted by corpus luteum helps to soften the cervix relax pelvic ligaments relax muscles in childbirth

what are the protein hormones in the placenta

protein hormones : hCG, CRH, hPL human Chorionic Gonadotropin = hCG) Corticotropic Releasing Hormone = CRH human Placental Lactogen = hPL

juxtaglomerular cells secrete ______ in the ______

renin kidneys

ANP - atrial natriuretic peptide

secreted by heart - stimulates kidneys to secrete more salt. reduces: excess blood volume high BP high blood sodium conc

erythropoietin what is its function where is it secreted

signals bone marrow to increase RBC production in kidneys

Progesterone what kind of hormone secreted by whats the function

steroid hormone secreted by corpus luteum prepares uterus for implantation of a fertilised ovum = maintain pregnancy promote development of mammary glands.

what does the hypothalamus and pituitary produce what does this do?

they produce regulatory hormones which control the function of other endocrine glands.

adrenal glands where function 2 distinct regions

top of kidneys responsible for releasing hormones in response to stress central medulla outer cortex