Endocrine Prep U

Weight loss, nervousness, and tachycardia

A nurse is assessing a client with hyperthyroidism. What findings should the nurse expect?

Calcium -Increased secretion of parathormone results in bone resorption. Calcium is released into the blood, increasing serum levels.

A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with increased parathormone secretion. Which of the following serum levels should the nurse monitor for this patient?

"I will increase my fluid and calcium intake." -The client requires additional teaching if he states that he will increase his calcium intake. Hyperparathyroidism causes extreme increases in serum calcium levels.

A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism. Which statement by the client indicates the need for additional discharge teaching?

The kidneys release renin, a hormone that initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume. -Renin is released from the kidneys and initiates the production of angiotensin and aldosterone to increase blood pressure and blood volume.

A nurse is caring for a client with a kidney disorder. What role might the kidneys have in causing the client to have fluctuations in blood pressure?

"Have you increased your shoe size recently?" -Excessive skeletal growth occurs only in the feet, the hands, the superciliary ridge, the molar eminences, the nose, and the chin, giving rise to the clinical picture called acromegaly

A nurse is completing an assessment of a patient with suspected acromegaly. To assist in making the diagnosis, which of the following questions should the nurse ask?

Abnormal bulging or protrusion of the eyes -When there is an increase in the volume of the tissue behind the eyes, the eyes will appear to bulge out of the face. Exophthalmos is a bulging of the eye

A nurse is performing an examination on a 24-year-old female and notes that the client exhibits signs of exophthalmos. What has the nurse observed?

Moon face -Clients who are receiving long-term high-dose corticosteroid therapy often develop a cushingoid appearance, manifested by facial fullness and the characteristic moon face.

A client is receiving long-term treatment with high-dose corticosteroids. Which of the following would the nurse expect the client to exhibit?

Tracheostomy set -After a subtotal thyroidectomy, swelling of the surgical site (the tracheal area) may obstruct the airway. Therefore, the nurse should keep a tracheostomy set at the client's bedside

A client is returned to his room after a subtotal thyroidectomy. Which piece of equipment is most important for the nurse to keep at the client's bedside?

The functioning of endocrine glands -Measuring blood hormone levels helps determine the functioning of endocrine glands.

A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?

Hypophysectomy -The treatment of choice is surgical removal of the pituitary gland (transsphenoidal hypophysectomy) through a nasal approach.

A client with acromegaly has been given the option of a surgical approach or a medical approach. The client decides to have a surgical procedure to remove the pituitary gland. What does the nurse understand this surgical procedure is called?

Calcium gluconate -Tetany and severe hypoparathyroidismare treated immediately by the administration of an IV calcium salt, such as calcium gluconate.

A client with severe hypoparathyroidism is experiencing tetany. What medication, prescribed by the physician for emergency use, will the nurse administer to correct the deficit?

Anemia from the decrease in maturation of red blood cells -The kidneys secrete erythropoietin, which is a substance that promotes the maturation of red blood cells.

A client has a decreased secretion of erythropoietin from the kidneys due to end-stage kidney disease. What outcome will the decrease in erythropoietin have?

Calcium gluconate -Immediate treatment for a client who develops hypocalcemia and tetany after thyroidectomy is calcium gluconate.

After undergoing a thyroidectomy, a client develops hypocalcemia and tetany. Which electrolyte should the nurse anticipate administering?

• Fetal hypothyroidism • Fetal bradycardia • Goiter • Cretinism

Antithyroid medications are contraindicated in late pregnancy due to the fact that which of the following may occur? Select all that apply.

Thyroid crisis -Thyroid crisis usually occurs in the first 12 hours after thyroidectomy and causes exaggerated signs of hyperthyroidism, such as high fever, tachycardia, and extreme restlessness

Early this morning, a client had a subtotal thyroidectomy. During evening rounds, the nurse assesses the client, who now has nausea, a temperature of 105° F (40.5° C), tachycardia, and extreme restlessness. What is the most likely cause of these signs?

The patient may have hyperthyroidism. -If palpation discloses an enlarged thyroid gland, both lobes are auscultated using the diaphragm of the stethoscope.

The nurse auscultates a bruit over the thyroid glands. What does the nurse understand is the significance of this finding?

7:00 AM and 8:00 AM -The best time of day for the total large corticosteroid dose is in the early morning, between 7:00 AM and 8:00 AM, when the adrenal gland is most active.

The nurse is aware that the best time of day for the total large corticosteroid dose is between:

Gigantism -When oversecretion of GH occurs before puberty, gigantism results.

The nurse is reviewing a client's history which reveals that the client has had an oversecretion of growth hormone (GH) that occurred before puberty. The nurse interprets this as which of the following?

Metabolic rate -The thyroid concentrates iodine from food and uses it to synthesize thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These two hormones regulate the body's metabolic rate.

Wendy Corcoran, a 34-year-old teacher, is being seen at the primary care group where you practice nursing. She is undergoing diagnostics for an alteration in thyroid function. What physiologic function is affected by her altered thyroid function?

Parathyroid -Parathormone (parathyroid hormone), the protein hormone produced by the parathyroid glands, regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism.

Which glands regulate calcium and phosphorous metabolism?

Glucagon -Glucagon is a hormone released by the alpha islet cells of the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen into glucose)

Which hormone would be responsible for increasing blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis?

Observe the color of stool.

Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform to determine the development of peptic ulcers when caring for a patient with Cushing's syndrome?

Cushing syndrome -The patient with Cushing syndrome demonstrates truncal obesity, moon face, acne, abdominal striae, and hypertension.

Which of the following disorders is characterized by a group of symptoms produced by an excess of free circulating cortisol from the adrenal cortex?

Pituitary

Which of the following glands is considered the master gland?