Endocrine questions NCLEX
The nurse is providing care to a patient with SIADH. What can most likely be anticipated to be included in the health care provider's orders?
fluid rest5riction to 800-1000 ml/day
The nurse is aware that the polydipsia and polyuria experienced by a patient with poorly controlled diabetes are caused primarily by which of the following?
fluid shifts resulting from the osmotic effect of hyperglycemia
Which term is used to describe a chemical messenger that travels throughout the bloodstream to its target organ and work closely with the nervous system?
hormone
The nurse provides dietary instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus regarding the prescribed diabetic diet. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
i need to buy special dietetic foods
Which condition is a characteristic of hyperparathyroidism?
increased serum calcium
Which disorder is a feature of Cushing syndrome?
increased susceptibility to infection
The nurse is caring for a patient with Addison disease. Which signs and laboratory values would the nurse expect to see in this patient?
postural hypotension
The nurse is caring for a patient who had cranial surgery to remove a pituitary tumor 3 days ago, leaving the patient with partial left hemiparesis and diabetes insipidus. Which patient problem is of the greatest priority postoperatively? 1
potential for inadequate fluid volume related to excessive loss via the urinary system
The nurse is caring for a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed for which reason?
treat hypoalcemic tetany
The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which is the greatest priority in the care plan?
Review with the patient the desired effects of his medication, as well as possible side effects.
Which hormones are responsible for fight or flight
epinephrine and norepinephrine
The nurse is teaching a diabetic education class in the community. What information should the nurse include in the educational plan?
exercise leads to a decreased need for insulin
A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily insulin injections. Which teaching information would the nurse reinforce upon discharge?
rotate the insulin injection sites systematically
. The nurse is assisting with preparing a teaching plan for the client with diabetes mellitus regarding proper foot care. Which instruction would be included in the plan of care?
apply a moisturizing lotion to dry feet, but not between the toes
which hormones are responsible for blood calcium levels
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a total thyroidectomy. The first night the patient experiences signs and symptoms of postoperative tetany. Which medication should the nurse anticipate will be ordered by the health care provider?
calcium gluconate IV
The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). What would nurse include in the interventions? (Select all that apply.)
daily weight intake and output fluid restriction
Which disorder is caused by secretion of insufficient amounts of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
diabetes insipidus
a male patient has hypoglycemia to control hypoglycemic episodes, the nurse should recommend which of the following?
eating a candy bar if light headedness occurs
Which intervention would be most appropriate for the patient with hypothyroidism?
encourage fluids
which is an appropriate instruction for the patient with diabetes related to care of the feet?
inspect all surfaces of the feet daily
In caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is experiencing an acute hyperglycemic reaction (diabetic ketoacidosis), which intervention would be most appropriate?
insulin IV via infusion pump
The nurse is caring for a postoperative parathyroidectomy client. Which would require the nurse's immediate attention?
laryngeal stridor
A client is admitted to the emergency department, and a diagnosis of myxedema coma is made. Which action would the nurse prepare to carry out initially?
maintain a patent airway
. The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus who is recovering from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) regarding measures to prevent a recurrence. Which instruction is important for the nurse to emphasize?
monitor blood glucose levels frequently
The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a thyroidectomy. Which signs or symptoms will the nurse report immediately to the RN/MD for further evaluation? (Select all that apply.)
numbness in the fingers heart rate of 160 noticeable arm twitching while assessing blood pressure
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient admitted into the hospital with signs and symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis?
obtain blood glucose immediately
Which gland is considered the "master gland," which exerts control over the other glands?
pituitary gland
what is the master gland of the body
pituitary gland
The nurse notes that a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has lipodystrophy on both upper thighs. Which further information would the nurse obtain from the client during data collection?
plan for injection rotation
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with Addison's disease (adrenal hypofunction). The nurse's assessment reveals postural hypotension, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and poor skin turgor. Which of these patient problems is of greatest priority at this time?
potential for infection
The nurse is collecting data regarding a client after a thyroidectomy and notes the development of a hoarse and weak voice. Which nursing action is appropriate?
reassure the client that this is usually a temporary condition
Which is a principal clinical manifestation in the patient with pheochromocytoma?
severe hypertension
The nurse reinforces teaching to a client with diabetes mellitus regarding differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which symptom develops?
shakiness
The nurse is caring for a patient who states the health care provider is prescribing an insulin that "takes effect in less than half the time of regular (short-acting) insulin." The nurse is aware that this patient has been prescribed which type of insulin?
Lispro (Humalog), aspart (NovoLog)
The nurse is planning care for an elderly patient with type 2 diabetes admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. What should the nurse understand about this patient?
May have sufficient endogenous insulin to prevent ketosis but is at risk for development of hyperosmolar coma
The nurse is aware that SIADH is characterized by which clinical characteristics? (Select all that apply.)
1.Peripheral edema 2. Hyponatremia 3. Water retention 4. Brain cells becoming edematous
The nurse is conducting a class for patients with diabetes in the community. What information should the nurse include in the educational plan? (Select all that apply.)
1.Regular insulin (Humulin R) has an onset of action of 30 minutes to 1 hour. 2. Lispro (Humalog) has an onset of action of 15 minutes.
The nurse educator is asking the nursing student to recall the signs/symptoms of hypothyroidism. The nurse educator determines that the student understands this disorder if which are included in the student's response? Select all that apply.
Dry skin constipation cold intolerance
The nurse is monitoring a client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which statement made by the client would indicate hyperglycemia and thus warrant primary health care provider (PHCP) notification?
I am urinating a lot
The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching to a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which statement by the client indicates that the instructions related to dietary management were understood?
I can eat foods that contain potassium
The nurse notes that a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has lipodystrophy on both upper thighs. Which further information would the nurse obtain from the client during data collection?
I should not exercise in the late afternoon
When the nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which statement by the client would indicate that teaching has been effective?
I will notify my primary health care provider if my blood glucose is consistently greater than 250
The nurse is educating a patient who has had type 1 diabetes for the past year. Which statement demonstrates his need for additional teaching?
If i want to lose weight, all i have to do is increase my dose of insulin
which statement is true about diabetes type 2
the main problem in this disease seems to be abnormal resistance to insulin action
The nurse is assessing a postoperative thyroidectomy patient for damage to the laryngeal nerve. Which is most likely to suggest that damage may have occurred?
the patient is becoming increasingly hoarse
Early in the day, a patient had a subtotal thyroidectomy. During evening rounds, you assess the patient, who now has nausea, a temperature of 105°F (40.5°C), tachycardia, and extreme restlessness. What is the most likely cause of these signs?
thyroid crisis
In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), what best describes the body's secretions?
too much antidiuretic hormone
