Endocrine System Study Guide
All of the following are included in the endocrine system except: A - Exocrine Glands B - Steroid Hormones C - Nonsteroid Hormones D - All of the above are included in the endocrine system.
A - Exocrine Glands
In addition to producing thyroid hormones, the thyroid gland also secretes: A - Hydrocortisone B - Calcitonin C - Aldosterone D - Glucagon
B - Calcitonin
The luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates: A - Breast development during pregnancy. B - The development of ovarian follicles. C - Maturation of ovarian follicle and triggers ovulation, D - Seminiferous tubules of testes to grow and produce sperm.
B - The development of ovarian follicles.
What plays a critical role in the body's defenses against infections? A - Pancreas B - Thymus C - Pineal Body D - Thyroid
B - Thymus
Which of the following is not stimulated by the anterior pituitary gland? A - TSH B - ACTH C - ADH D - FSH
C - ADH
Prostaglandins or tissue hormones influence: A - Respiration B - Gastrointestinal secretions C - Blood pressure D - All of the above.
D - All of the above.
The adrenal medulla produces hormones that are: A - Not essential for life. B - Helpful in responding to stress. C - Responsible for the "fight or flight" response. D - All of the above.
D - All of the above.
The posterior pituitary gland and hypothalamus: A - Release two hormones. B - Produce substances called releasing and inhibiting hormones. C - Cause the glandular cells of the breast to release milk into ducts for nursing a baby. D - All of the above.
D - All of the above.
The pineal gland produces several hormones in small quantities, with the most significant being: A - ANH B - Leptin C - Chorionic gonadotropins. D - Melatonin
D - Melatonin
Too much insulin in the blood: A - Has the same effect on blood glucose as the growth hormone. B - Increases blood glucose concentration. C - Stimulates retention of water by the kidneys. D - Produces hypoglycemia.
D - Produces hypoglycemia.
How does diabetes produce glucose in the urine?
Diabetics with high blood glucose have their kidneys filter out more glucose, meaning more of it will appear in the urine.
Glucagon makes blood glucose levels go up or down?
Glucagon highers blood glucose levels.
Insulin makes blood glucose levels go up or down?
Insulin lowers blood glucose levels.
How do steroid and nonsteroid hormones differ? How are they alike?
Steroid hormones are lipid soluble while nonsteroid hormones are water soluble. Both hormones transfer other hormones.
Why is the adrenal gland often thought of as two separate glands?
The adrenal gland is often thought of as two separate glands because it is made up of two distinct parts.
Name the hormones produced by the adrenal gland.
The adrenal gland produces cortisol and androgens.
What gland stores its hormones for later use?
The adrenal glands stores its hormones for later use.
What is the chemical messenger used by the endocrine system?
The hormones are the chemical messengers of the endocrine system.
Which hormones are produced by the male and female sex glands?
The male sex glands produce testosterone while female sex glands produce progesterone and estrogen.
Name two primary hormones of the pancreatic islets.
The pancreatic islets release insulin and glucagon.
Why is the pineal gland sometimes called the time keeper of the body?
The pineal gland uses information regarding changing light levels to adjust its output of melatonin.
How does the pituitary gland influence adrenal function?
The pituitary gland secretes a hormone known as adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal gland.
Why is the placenta considered to be a gland?
The placenta is considered to be a gland because it produces progesterone and estrogen during pregnancy.
Where are the thyroid and parathyroid glands located?
The thyroid and parathyroid glands are located at the base of the neck.
Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone both regulate the blood concentration of what important ion?
They both regulate the blood concentration of iodine.
