Energy efficiency an alternate energy sources.

What other building components does the air barriers need to be tightly joined and secured at?

Windows, doors, the roof air barrier component, and foundations. Pipes, ducks, similar elements.

Did they have to last the life of the building?

Yes or be able to be maintained.

Countries be used to direct desirable cool breezes

Yes.

Does the air barrier need to be continuous around the condition spaces?

Yes. Including the walls, roof, foundation walls, slab on grade.

To the air barriers have to be able to move with movement joints?

Yes. Without breaking are tearing.

Where should the entrance be located in hot climates?

The long side of the building can be oriented to catch the cooling breezes

What should be the maximum permanence of an air barrier material?

.004 CFM per foot squared. It's value is approximately the permanence of a sheet of 1/2 inch of unpainted gypsum wallboard.

What should the goal of minimal service area be balanced with?

The game is provided by other building shapes that utilize solar heating, natural ventilation,. Minimizing surface area generally works best in cold climates.

What the the top layer on a green roof?

The growth medium. Engineered mix of soil plus organic material

For temperate climates what shape works best.

Shape has lessened effect but building elongated on east-west direction has some advantage for winter solar heat gain, delighting, and minimum heat gain in the summer.

What is the minimum and maximumslope of a concrete green roof?

1.5% is the minimum slope and the maximum recommended soap is 30% but on steep slopes stabilization panels, buttons, and other devices must be used to prevent the growing medium from shifting.

If both a vapor retarder and air barrier are used and they are separate membranes the air barrier should be how many more times permeable to water vapor diffusion been the vapor retarder to prevent trapping moisture between the two layers?

10 to 20%.

What is the optimum an orientation angle for a cool climate?

12°

What is the optimum orientation angle for a temperate climate

17.5°

What is the optimum orientation angle for a hot - arid climate?

25°

What should the permanence rating be if the air barrier is vapor permeable?

5 to 10 perms

What percentage does a green roof have to be to receive lead credit?

50%

What is the optimum orientation angle for a hot - humid climate?

5°

What is installed over the insulation in a concrete green roof?

A drainage layer to allow water that is not absorbed to flow two drains or scuppers.

Which is preferred for green roofs? A drip irrigation system or a spray system?

A drip irrigation system.

What is installed above the drainage layer on a concrete to green roof?

A fabric filter to prevent the fine partials of entering and clogging the drainage layer. Polypropylene or polyethylene mats or water resistant fiber mats.

What are some ways to ensure a water tight system on a green roof?

A flood test, electric field vector mapping.

What is placed over the water proof membrane on a metal roof?

A root layer is required by manufacturer.

What shape works best for cool and cold regions

A square cubic shape generally works best because skin should be minimized. A two-story house is better than a one story house.

What is placed over the metal decking on a metal green roof?

Thermal barrier to protect the insulation from heat transfer.

What three things must meet the minimum per minutes reading listed by the prescribed building code?

Air barrier, assemblies, whole building

What are the bad parts of insulated glass?

Air currents with an airspace still allow heat loss by convection in addition some of the desired solar heat gain through the glasses last by radiation as objects in the building get warm and begin to admit infrared radiation that passes back outside.

What can be used in very hot or very cold climates to prevent drafts from entering when a next your doors opened?

Airlocks, vestibules, or revolving doors.

External low dominated buildings.

Also known as skin load dominated buildings are those whose energy use is determined mainly by heat loss or he gained through the exterior envelope. Have few occupants per unit area and a small amount of heat game from lighting equipment and people. Examples are houses, apartments, condominiums, and warehouses.

What do you vapor impermeable materials provide?

And air barrier and a vapor retardant in the same material. Relatively thin sheets of spunbonded polyolefin, various types of sheathing, so if it here membranes, and fluid of pride products.

What ship works best for hot - arid regions?

And more square shape looks best but the plan should include "yards for external low dominated buildings or massive multi story buildings for internal load dominated buildings.

Super windows

Are glazing units the combine too low E codings with gas filled cavities between three layers of glass

Flood test

Area is flooded with 2" of water for 48 hours.

What do horizontalblinds do when daylighting is used?

Horizontal blinds can both shade glass and provide reflective surfaces to direct sunlight into the building.

Why should a rectangular building be oriented slightly east of South

Because of the slightly lower morning temperatures.

What is the best place for the location of the air barrier with in the wall?

Behind the exterior cladding and outside the sheathing. But if the air barrier and vapor retarder different materials their locations depend on the climate.

Internal load dominated buildings.

Buildings his energy use is driven by high heat game from occupants, lighting, and equipment. Examples are office buildings, hospitals, retail stores, schools, and laboratories. Internal though dominated buildings are less affected by the energy efficiency. The exception would be if the building shaper being used for extensive Day lighting or other passive or active energy conservation techniques.

What are the three variations of the earth sheltered design?

Built above ground and has earth berm against the walls on one or more sides. Similar to the first building the side of the hill, ideally with the northside built into the hill in the southside exposed for solar heating views and daylight. Completely buried below grade with the courtyard in the middle to allow for access, delete, and outdoor living area, and ventilation.

Thermochromatic glazing

Changes darkness in response to temperature. Does not offer control.

Switchable glazing

Chromogenic fenestration products that change their characteristics based on particular environmental conditions or through human intervention

What are three reasons and effective air barrier is important

Conserves energy because unwanted infiltration of error has to be conditioned to meet indoor requirements. From 25% to 40% of healing energy used by building is lost due to infiltration. Second blocks out infiltrating air which may contain pollutants. Third by controlling air movement in an air barrier it helps minimize the migration of moisture which can condense and contribute to mold growth and degration of building materials. and contribute

What are some advantages of green roofs?

Conserving energy by reducing heating and cooling loads. Reducing storm runoff Absorbing carbon dioxide Reducing ambient air temperatures. Filter in the air and binds dust particles Reducing the heat island effect normally caused by roofing. Protecting the roofing from ultraviolet light degration, temperature extremes, wind, and hail Adding acoustical insulation Adding aesthetic appeal to the roof.

Electromagnetic glazing

Consists of a multilayered thin-film applied to glass the changes continuously from dark to clear as low-voltage electrical current is applied. Voltage can be controlled manually or automatically

Transparent insulation

Consists of a relatively thick layer of poly carbonate honeycomb material, acrylic phone, or fiberglass sandwich between layers of glazing. It is used to admit light while providing a high degree of insulation we can also be used over another thermal mass material to trap solar heat gain and then slow the loss of store heat back into The atmosphere

What might larger buildings require?

Courtyards and rambling shapes for daylighting and ventilation.

Photo chromatic glazing

Darkens under the direct action of sunlight in the same way sunglasses do.does not offer control

Low E glazing

Double glazing with a thin film or coating placed somewhere in the glazing cavity. Prevent heat loss when objects in the room are heated.

What's placed over the root barrier and membraone on ab green roof?

Drainage layer made from entangled filaments thermoformed dimple cups and geonets.

What type of shading does the south east and south west facing façades require?

Either a wide overhang or vertical louvers or both.

What are three types of switchable glazing?

Electrochromatic glazing, photo chromatic glazing, thermochromatic glazing.

What sheep works best for hot - human regions?

Elongated and east-west directions are preferable to allow breezes, provide natural cooling, and minimize severe heat game from the east and west directions. Courtyard and brought overhangs are also useful.

What two strategies can greatly reduce reliance on mechanical systems, reduce operating costs, improve human comfort, and reduce the use of fossil fuels,?

Energy efficiency in the use of alternative energy sources.

What kind of tree is best for blocking winds in the winter

Evergreen.

What are the two types of green roofs?

Extensive green roofs and intensive green roofs

What are some commonly used materials for insulation?

Fiberglass, mineral would, polystyrene, polyurethane, and cellulose. Also cement phone, autoclaved aerated concrete, strop handles, straw bale construction, and plastic fiber.

What is in intensive green roof?

Figure soil. Supports complex landscapes including shrubs and small trees along with ponds and fountains. Required by the climate a subsurface irrigation is installed.

What do you values go from from single pane glass to double pane glass.

From 1.11 BTU per foot squared to .57 BTU per foot squared

What is placed on top of the drainage layer on green metal roof

Growth medium.

What needs to be sealed?

I'll joints between materials, components, assemblies

What is placed over the on a concrete green roof barrier?

Insulation to help prevent water stored in the growth media from extracting heat in the winter. Some systems use a retention letter over the insulation to provide long-term water supply.

What is the stack effect - or chimney effect

It is caused by differences in pressure at the top and bottom of the building due to temperate differentials. Mostly in high-rise buildings. Air will be warmer in the upper part of the building and cooler at the bottom causing infiltration of air knew the ground and exfiltration at the top..

What is the advantage of a rectangular building?

It's long face can be oriented towards the south for solar heating and Tim in my speaking on the east west. It also makes easier to utilize deleting and kept your prevailing winds for natural ventilation.

How is insulation available?

Louisville, bats, rigid foam boards, spray on foam, and as part of other construction assemblies like structural insulated panels.

What are some of the more effective glazing types developed for heat gain control?

Low E glazing, spectrally selective glazing, super windows, switchable glazing.

Transition metal hydrate electrochromatic's

Makes it possible to have a glazing material that changes from transparent to reflective.

Electric field vapor mapping.

Method of detecting precise location of leaks and waterproofing membrane by using the small electrical potential between the grounded roof deck and the growing medium. A technician can walk the roof and detect the direction of any electric current using probes.

Where do you find our values for installation?

Model energy code such as the international energy conservation code, or Ashery standards 90.1. For example the international residential code provides a prescriptive table that gives the building envelope thermal criteria for ceilings, walls, floors, basement walls, perimeter slabs and crawlspace walls based on the climatic zone

What type of Shane devices does south facing façades required?

Moderate overhangs or horizontal louvers.

What are some practical concerns of Earth sheltered design?

Natural sleep to land. Soil should be granular. Ground water level must be below the building. Extra care to waterproof the building. Insulation must be correctly designed. Fewer windows on all sides, the building would need adequate ventilation to control humidity and maintain good air-quality.

Should greeny roots be used in existing buildings?

No only new buildings because Green roof weighs from 12 PSF to 300 PSF. However it may be possible to place a lighter green roof system over the existing structure without additional support.

What are the three options to be used for commercial buildings according to Ashery 90.1 - energy standards for buildings except for lowrise residential buildings?

Number one individual air barrier material cannot exceed .004 CFM. Number two air barrier assemblies cannot exceed .0 for CFM when tested according to ASTM E I 677. Number three Whole building air barriers cannot exceed point for CFM when tested according to ASTM E779

Where should deciduous trees be located

On the south side of building except for if there's solar heating panels that need to be exposed.

Where should the entrance be located in temperate climates?

On the southside to make them more inviting and capitalize on the natural snow melting affects of the sun.

What is a perm?

One green of moisture per hour per square foot. Per inch of Mercury difference in the pressure

Is a root barrier always work right word over the waterproof membrane on the green roof?

Only sometimes. Such materials as PVC, EP DM, and TPO, are inherently route resistant.

Air barriers

Part of the building envelope system that controls the movement of air in and out of the building - infiltration and exfiltration.

What is one way to reduce the heating that substantially sometimes and half?

Protecting a house or other external low dominated building with landscape and shrubbery from effects of cold wind can reduce heating load substantially

Which direction should a building be oriented to minimize the intense east and west solar radiation will taking advantage of the heating potential of the self-effacing surface in the winter?

Rectangle building should be oriented with a long direction generally east west.

What are the advantages of insulation and whether sealing?

Reduction and heat flow, adequate insulation radiant temperature so the comfort level is increased, improves acoustic qualities.

What is placed over the thermal barrier in a metal green roof?

Rigid insulation. Polystyrene is used because of its resistance to moisture and has a high compressive strength.

What is an extensive the green roof?

Uses soil less than 6 inches deep supporting middle grasses, sedums, herbs, and perennials.

What are some common air barriers?

Spunbonded polyolefin Elastmeric coatings Liquid applied spray on or trowel on. Self adhesive membrains Sheathing sealed with tape Silicon based materials Combination of these

We just building orientation attempt to balance?

The overheated and under heated. Stir in the year my also considering daily temperature fluctuations.

What is permanence?

The property of a material that prevents water vapor from diffusing it.

Super insulation

The technique of providing higher levels insulation the normal used tightly ceiling all joints and cracks in preventing any thermal bridges between the outside and inside such as a stud. 2x6 instead of 4x6

What are the advantage of burying a portion of the building underground?

The temperature of the earth is stable. Cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter. Heat game and heat loss or minimized. Protection all different cold winds. Additional advantages include soundproofing, less outside maintenance, better protection from Highwinds, hail, and tornadoes.

What is wrong with CFCs or HCFCs in insulation?

They are ozone-depleting compounds that should not be used. When possible use foam in place installations that use carbon dioxide rather than HCFCs or pentene.

Why do green roofs use modular planting systems?

They weigh less, are more flexible, and can be easily removed replace plants and make roof repairs.

What are the two ways that he movement through glass occurs?

Through convection and radiation and standard float glass has little resistance to either.

Why should the buildings entrance be located on the Leeward side in cold climates?

To avoid winter winds.

What is the solution to air leakage?

To provide a continuous barrier around the condition spaces in the building. This is done by using barrier materials, components, and assemblies to provide a complete air barrier system on all vertical and horizontal surfaces on the exterior.

Spectrally selected glazing

Transmits a high proportion of the visible solar spectrum my blocking heat from the infrared portion of the spectrum, up to 80%

Movable insulation

Typically used on windows that provides solar heating. The insulation is removed during sunlight hours and replaced at night or during cloudy weather to provide to prevent heat loss. Can be manually operated, power operated, or set to work automatically. Some examples are rolldown shutters, insulated shades, swing panels of insulation, and expanded probably striping beads blown between panes of glass

What can be done to make double glazing more efficient at stopping heat transfer by convection?

Using an insert Gassville instead of a vacuum. Or done or krypton.

What do most iinsulation types required to be effective?

Vapor barrier.

What are some other names for a green roof?

Vegetated roof cover, garden roof or eco-roof.

What is placed over the insulation on a metal green roof?

Water proofing membrane.

What is the first step in constructing a green roof?

Waterproof membrane is placed over the structural deck.

What two things does the ideal shape of the building depend on and it's connected region?

Whether it is an external load dominated building or internal load dominated building.

The air barriers must resist loads cause done it by what?

Wind, stack of fact, HVAC systems, both as positive and negative air pressure.