english 4/25

When including expert opinion as details supporting your argument, what do you want to ensure?

All of the answers are correct.

Rhetoric is communication that ____.

All of these

You are driving down the road and pass a billboard for a worldwide company. It reads 'Billions of customers served'. What type of rhetorical device is this?

Bandwagon

I always vote for the National Party candidate in gubernatorial elections. This year, Sally Smith is the National Party candidate for governor, so I will vote for Sally Smith for governor this year. Which type of reasoning is displayed in this paragraph?

Deductive reasoning

Which of the following is a deliberate overstatement or exaggeration?

Hyperbole

All of the following are elements of an effective argument EXCEPT:

Its content is valid, reliable, personalized and highly subjective.

Argument 1: ''Many studies have proven that vaccinations are safe and effective and protect against dangerous diseases.'' Argument 2: ''Would you want to look into your child's eye and say you deliberately put her life at risk for no reason by giving her toxic vaccines? Babies are so fragile; can you really imagine it's good for them to fill their tiny bodies with so many chemicals?'' What is one of the main differences between these two arguments?

One is an appeal to emotion; the other is an appeal to facts and evidence.

If you summarize portions of a text, including choosing your own way of expressing the same information, what are you doing?

Paraphrasing it

Which part of an argument explains why?

Reason

Why is it important for readers to identify stereotypes, biases and assumptions in written work?

Recognizing these factors helps readers think critically to avoid being influenced about how they feel about people or things.

_____ are the choice of language and styles used to make a point.

Rhetorical devices

What is another way of describing numerical data that supports your argument?

Statistics that allow you to pinpoint a quantity relevant to your topic

You have completed the steps to organizing a great argument and are ready to write the essay. Which of the following should you AVOID doing while writing the piece?

Surprise the reader with something new in the conclusion.

You are watching television. A commercial comes on and shows a celebrity who claims that he used the product and loved it. What type of rhetorical technique is this?

Testimonial

All of the following indicators point to bias in written work EXCEPT:

The writer's use of impartial language

You are working to prepare an argument that is both clear and concise. You have written several different sentences but need to select the option that best meets this requirement. Which of the following should be included in the final draft?

Water is good for you for many reasons including being good for the brain, preventing constipation, and cleansing the body.

What is an exaggeration when used as a rhetorical device?

When any idea is made to seem either better or worse than it actually is

Argument 1: ''99% of climate scientists agree that climate change is occurring and that it's caused by human activity. There's no need for more research. The evidence is in. The climate is changing, and we need to take action to address it. That's why I support Law X.'' Argument 2: ''I just don't believe that climate change is a serious problem, so I don't support Law X. We don't need it. It's addressing a problem that doesn't exist!'' These two authors disagree about Law X because they disagree about...

Whether a problem exists that needs action

As you evaluate the effectiveness of a piece of deductive reasoning, you should first look for _____

a clearly expressed main point.

Which of the following occurs when sounds are repeated at the beginning of words?

Alliteration

Which part of an argument gives proof that your main point is correct?

Evidence

Which of the following is NOT an example of valid evidence?

Third-hand information

Inductive reasoning involves _____

starting with specific details and moving to a larger concluding point or generalization.

Steve wants to write a convincing argument supporting the need for reducing carbon emissions from cars. Which of the following is NOT an approach he should use to write a good argument?

Attack the frailty of the opposing view.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a claim?

Facebook has users all over the world.

''We shouldn't institute year-round school in grades 9-12. Just look at what a disaster it's been for the elementary school. Students hated it!'' What assumption is this argument making?

High school students will react the same way as elementary school students to year-round school.

Why are reasons important in an argument?

Reasons validate the claim and state why the audience should accept it.

'College basketball players practice and play just as hard as professional players in the NBA. Therefore, they should be compensated, especially because they earn lots of money for the universities.' Which of the following is NOT an assumption based on this claim?

That basketball is a very difficult sport to play

Why do you need to know what a counterclaim might be?

To prepare better for your argument

What is the purpose of rhetorical devices?

To use language to persuade the audience

A deductive pattern is more common than an inductive pattern in student writing because _____

deduction more closely matches the general pattern that teachers often look for in student papers.

Which of the following is a category of rhetorical devices?

All of these

Which of the following is an argument that uses the strongest supporting detail?

Approximately 15% of the world's population are living with a disability. As a result, the treaty has the potential to impact the lives of at least 15% of the global population.

Argument 1: ''I don't know if I'd say that President X is corrupt, but all I'm saying is that many people have questions. People think he's corrupt. People are worried. And so I think it's a serious issue. Maybe he isn't corrupt, but maybe he is - a lot of people think he is. So I'm worried about whether he's corrupt or not.'' Argument 2: ''A close analysis of documents produced during President X's time in office has shown no evidence of corruption or any specific instances of bribery, quid pro quo, under-the-table deals, or any other crime. Therefore, I conclude that President X is not corrupt.'' What assumptions does each author make?

Author 1: if ''many people'' think something, there must be some truth to it. Author 2: if an investigation didn't find corruption, no corruption exists.

Which of the following is NOT a step in writing a good argument?

Make sure to show your bias.

Which of the following is the best way to describe the overall evidence you use when you are making an argument?

Supporting details

Liza, a school librarian, believes a series of certain books should be made available to the students and that the principal has the authority to make that decision. Liza believes the books will encourage students to think outside the box and read more just for fun. She expects the school administration and students to also hold these _____ as acknowledgement of her argument.

assumptions

Deductive reasoning involves _____

starting with a generalization and moving to specific details.

Read the following sentence: Jenny is Chinese, so she'll definitely excel in math. Choose the most specific answer: This statement is an example of a(n) _____ because it is a widely held, fixed, oversimplified image or idea about a particular group of people.

stereotype

Sarah is about to ask her Mom for a new computer for college. She is preparing her argument, getting all her reasons together for why she needs a new computer. Sarah anticipates her Mom may say her old computer should do just fine, so Sarah spends time coming up with three reasons why her old computer won't be sufficient for her needs in college. What did Sarah anticipate from her Mom?

Counterclaim