Env. Chapter 7 Questions (Off the Test)
are ecosystems where both fresh water and salt water are present.
Estuaries
Which Ecosystem has the highest level of Salinity
Salt Marsh
Refer to the graph above. How does oxygen concentration vary with depth of water in a noneutrophic lake? In an eutrophic lake? (Essay)
The eutrophic lakes many mosses and plants that grow with the nutrients poring into the water. Then the oxygen levels go down the higher you go becuase if you go to a deeper depth the mosses wont grow becuase of the lack of sunlight and there is more oxygen. The non eutrophic have oxygen levels stable as you go to a lower depth becuase there is not as many mosses and plants to take up that oxygen.
The arrangement of organisms in the open ocean is determined by the
amount of nutrients and sunlight that are available.
In the _____ zone, life is diverse and abundant.
littoral
region of shallow water near the shores of lakes and oceans
littoral zone
marine ecosystem dominated by trees with stilt-like root systems
mangrove swamp
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
marshes and swamps
phytoplankton and zooplankton
microscopic
free swimming organisms
nekton
The majority of marine organisms are found in
shallow, coastal waters.
An estuary functions as a mineral trap due to
the mixing action of river water and ocean water.
Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of
the secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals.
Two threats to ocean ecosystems are
✔ a. All of the above X b. over fishing and entanglement of marine mammals in trawl nets. X c. sewage and algal blooms. X d. nutrient runoff and industrial waste discharges.
The types of organisms found in a pond or lake depend on
✔ a. All of the above Correct X b. the amount of sunlight available. X c. the presence of nutrients. X d. the temperature of the water.
What mainly distinguishes nekton from benthos
One swims freely and the other often lives attached to a hard surface.
Why doesn't photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water?
There is no sunlight.
As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become
Wider, Warmer, Slower
Which of the following is not characteristic of salt marshes and mangrove swamps?
X a. Both are found along coastal areas. X b. Both provide habitats for wildlife. X c. Both are threatened by development. ✔ d. Both are dominated by marsh grasses.
Which of the following is not characteristic of wetlands?
X a. Wetlands have plentiful nutrients and the capacity for photosynthesis. X b. Wetlands have varied populations of plants and animals. X c. Wetlands are perceived historically as disease-infested wastelands. ✔ d. Wetlands are limited to inland freshwater environments.
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
X a. oil spills ✔ b. All of the above X c. pesticides X d. sewage
Which of the following statements is not correct?
X a.Lakes may contain a region that receives little sunlight. X b. Swamps are dominated by woody shrubs and water-loving trees. ✔ c. Rivers generally move faster, and their oxygen levels decrease, as they near the ocean. Correct X d. Wetlands help remove pollutants from water.
long, thin island that typically runs parallel to the shore
barrier island
In the _____ zone, the water is cool and dark.
benthic
mussels, worms, and barnacles
benthos
coastal land covered by salt water much of the time
coastal wetland
ecosystem where a river empties into the ocean, mixing fresh and salt water Answer 3
estuary
Swamps are commonly found on
flat, poorly drained land.
land periodically covered with water of extremely low salinity
freshwater wetland
Which of the following is not an environmental function of wetlands
increasing runoff
What causes most coastal pollution in the United States?
industrial waste and sewage
Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem
phytoplankton
Estuaries are very productive ecosystems because they receive fresh nutrients from
rivers and oceans.
marine ecosystem dominated by grasses
salt marsh