Env Chem - Unit 2 Combined Review

the type of wave with the longest wavelength

radio waves

second to last wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

x-rays

AQI - Yellow

Moderate - Air quality is acceptable. However, there may be a risk for some people, particularly those who are unusually sensitive to air pollution.

AQI - Purple

Very Unhealthy - Health alert: The risk of health effects is increased for everyone.

Is air a solid, liquid, or gas?

MIXTURE of gases

Good Ozone vs Bad Ozone

-Ozone is considered Good and Bad, depending on where in the atmosphere it is located and what it does!

AQI

Air Quality Index- used to measure and report air quality in a specific area (color coded & numbers)

Third most abundant gas in the air

Argon

Fourth most abundant gas in the air

Carbon Dioxide

greenhouse gases

Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, and ozone in the atmosphere which are involved in the greenhouse effect.

AQI - Green

Good - Air quality is satisfactory, and air pollution poses little or no risk.

AQI - Maroon

Hazardous - Health warning of emergency conditions: everyone is more likely to be affected.

Solar radiation that makes it to Earth's surface

Infrared (IR), Visible Light

Most abundant gas in the air

Nitrogen

volatile organic compounds

Organic chemicals that evaporate readily and exist as gases in the air

Second most abundant gas in the air

Oxygen

evidence of climate change

Rising sea level, increase in global average temperature, more extreme weather events, increase in ocean acidity, decreasing amount of sea ice

particulate matter

Small particles or liquid droplets suspended in midair; considered an atmospheric pollutant.

AQI - Orange

Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups - Members of sensitive groups may experience health effects. The general public is less likely to be affected.

layer of atmosphere where ozone layer is

Stratosphere

layer of atmosphere closest to Earth

Troposphere

Solar radiation that doesn't reach Earth's surface well

Ultraviolet (UV)

AQI - Red

Unhealthy - Some members of the general public may experience health effects; members of sensitive groups may experience more serious health effects.

carbon monoxide

a colorless, odorless toxic flammable gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon.

ground level ozone

a secondary pollutant that forms when some of the pollutants released during fossil fuel combustion react with atmospheric oxygen in the presence of sunlight

smog

fog or haze combined with smoke and other atmospheric pollutants.

last wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

gamma rays

the type of wave with the highest energy

gamma rays

the type of wave with the highest frequency

gamma rays

the type of wave with the shortest wavelength

gamma rays

methane

greenhouse gas that is able to absorb far more heat than carbon dioxide

Earth's surface gives off mostly __________ energy

infrared

third wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

infrared

energy absorbed from Greenhouse Gases

infrared energy

acid rain effects

kills trees and plants; wears away stone buildings and statues, depletes fish populations, change in soil chemistry, decrease in soil and water pH

outgoing radiation from Earth's surface

long wave radiation

second wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

microwaves

sulfur dioxide

one of the primary pollutants needed for the formation acid rain

primary pollutants

pollutants that are put directly into the air by human or natural activity.

secondary pollutants

pollutants that form from chemical reactions that occur when primary pollutants come in contact with other primary pollutants or with naturally occuring substances, such as water vapor.

first wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

radio waves

the type of wave with the lowest energy

radio waves

the type of wave with the lowest frequency

radio waves

incoming solar radiation

short wave radiation

normal rain

slightly acidic due to presence of CO2 in atmosphere - CO2 forms carbonic acid when it reacts with H20 in atmosphere

third to last wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

ultraviolet

middle wave type in the EM spectrum (longest wavelength -> shortest wavelength)

visible light