Environmental Science
A student is making a model of how the atmosphere and biosphere interact. Which model best shows this?
a diagram of plants giving off carbon dioxide
Which of these is a limitation of using a model to study something?
a model cannot represent a thing exactly
A flashlight shines on a large black towel. What process is demonstrated?
absorption of light
Which of these substances is a compound?
ammonia (NH3)
How are elements organized in the periodic table?
by atomic number and properties
When sunlight strikes a plant, the leaves capture most of that energy to use for photosynthesis. The picture shows the process of photosynthesis in action. Which of these materials helps plants use energy from sunlight?
chlorophyll
Which substance is one that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means?
gold wire
How does the water cycle show how the hydrosphere and atmosphere interact?
heat and wind cause water in a pond to evaporate into the air
Most scientists are worried about the environment. They gather the following information: the number of trees cut down each year, the number of trees burned each year, the levels of carbon dioxide on Earth, the levels of oxygen on Earth On your answer sheet give the letters of two questions they are studying.
how does burning trees affect air, how does the loss of trees increase air pollution
Hydrogen gas (H2) can be found in trace amounts in Earth's atmosphere. Which of these statements describes a physical property of hydrogen?
hydrogen gas is less dense than oxygen gas
Water particles can be close together or far apart. In which of these examples are the water particles closest together?
ice cubes in a freezer
Which type of wave can travel through space?
light wave
Scientists often use visual or mathematical representations to investigate objects that are very large or very small or are otherwise difficult to study. What are these visual or mathematical representations called?
models
What makes physical properties different from chemical properties?
physical properties can be observed without attempting to change the identity of a substance.
Which statement best describes physical properties?
physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance
Iron ore, solid carbon, and limestone are warmed to very high temperatures in an oven during the process of extracting pure iron. Afterwards, the oven contains pure iron and a waste product called slag. The total mass of the iron and slag is less than the total mass of the iron ore, solid carbon, and limestone. What happened to the remaining mass?
some of the atoms were rearranged to form a gas
Large bodies of water store thermal energy. This causes temperature differences and surface currents that affect climate and weather. What are surface currents?
streamlike movements of water that happen near the surface of the ocean
Which of these is true about natural resources and synthetic materials?
synthetic materials are made of natural resources
Which of these is a chemical property of a sheet of paper?
the paper can be burned
A light shines on a blue wall. Which explains what happens with the light as it reaches the wall?
the wall absorbs red, orange, green, yellow, indigo, and violet. The wall reflects blue light
Which form of energy is due to the motion of an object's particles?
thermal energy
Sucrose is composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Which statement best describes the properties of sucrose?
they are different from the properties of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen
How do atoms of copper differ from atoms of aluminum?
they have different chemical properties
The wavelength of a wave is less than 450 nanometers. Which color would this wave most likely appear?
violet
Glucose, C6H12O6, is a kind of sugar molecule. How many atoms are in a molecule of glucose?
24
Chemical equations are models that show how atoms are rearranged during a chemical reaction. Liza wrote an equation for the reaction between aluminum (Al) and copper sulfate (CuSO4) that is shown. 2Al + 2CuSO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 2Cu Write the letters of the numbers and words on the lines to correctly complete the sentences on your answer sheet. Some letters may be used more than once or not at all. On the left side of the equation, there are __________ × 1 = __________ sulfur atoms. On the right side of the equation, there are 1 × __________ = __________ sulfur atoms. Therefore, the equation __________ conservation of matter. This is because the number of sulfur atoms is __________ on both sides of the equation. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. demonstrates F. does not demonstrate G. the same H. not the same
B,B,C,C,F,H
Write one letter in each blank to correctly complete the sentences. One letter will not be used. Living things are part of the __________. Soil and sediments are part of the __________. Snow is part of the __________.
Biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere
