Epiglottis

epiglottis

A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering.

x-ray, airway obstruction

A lateral neck _____ is done to determine whether epiglottis is present. It is done cautiously as not to induce _____ _____ with changes in position.

wheezing

Difficult breathing with a high-pitched whistling or sighing sound during expiration

pneumothorax, pulmonary edema

Epiglottis can cause respiratory arrest and death if the airway becomes completely occluded. It can also cause _____ and _____ _____.

2-7 days

Epiglottis can lead to airway obstruction over a relatively short period, usually _______.

airway obstruction

Epiglottis is an acute infection and inflammation of the supraepiglotic soft tissue structures, which can lead to _____ _____ over a relatively short period of time.

drooling, dysphagia, anxiety, irritability, distress

Epiglottis is characterized by - _____ from the mouth - _____ or difficulty swallowing - _____ due to hypoxemia - _____ due to anxiety - significant respiratory ______

sudden onset, high fever

Epiglottis is marked by a _____ _____ of symptoms and _____ _____.

2-7 years

Epiglottis most often occurs in children ages ______.

visualize

If epiglottis is suspected do not under any circumstances attempt to _____ the throat. It may cause reflex laryngospasm, resulting in immediate airway occlusion.

tracheostomy

If the child with epiglottis experiences a complete airway obstruction, an emergency _____ may be necessary. Ensure that equipment and trained personnel are available.

IV antibiotic, ICU

In epiglottis __ _____ therapy is necessary and the child will be managed in the _____.

drooling

In epiglottis, _____ may be present.

unattended, child, parents

In epiglottis, never leave the child _____ and keep the _____ and _____ as calm as possible.

supine

In epiglottis, never put the child in the _____ position as it may cause airway occlusion.

100, invasive

In epiglottis, prove _____ percent oxygen in the least _____ way that is acceptable.

anxiety, frightened

In epiglottis, the child may experience _____ due to hypoxemia or have a _____ appearance.

lie down, forward, neck

In epiglottis, the child may refuse to _____ ____ and may assume the characteristic position of sitting _____ with the ____ extended.

speak, soft

In epiglottis, the child may refuse to _____ or may speak only in a very _____ voice.

toxic

In epiglottis, the child will have an overall _____ appearance.

palpation

In upper airway obstruction this involves assessing - if both sides of the chest rise equally with inspiration - are there any specific areas of tenderness, fracture, supcutaneous emphysema (crepitus)

inspection

In upper airway obstruction this involves assessing - if patient is conscious - is there a respiratory effort - does chest rise symmetrically - are there retractions or uses of accessory muscles - what is the skin color - are there obvious signs of deformity or obstruction such as trauma, food, teeth, vomitus - is the trachea midline

auscultation

In upper airway obstruction this involves assisseing - if there is audible air movement - stridor on inspiration - wheezing on expiration - are breath sounds present over lower trachea and all lobes

laryngeal edema, 4 hours, 2 hours, 4-6 hours

Racemic epinephrine is nebulized for acute _____ _____. - given every _____ - do not give more frequently than _______ - monitor for _____ for rebound effect

inflammation, pulse, restlessness, retractions, anxiety, stridor, drooling

Signs of epiglottis include - airway _____ leading to obstruction - increased _____ - ______ due to air hunger - ______ due to work of breathing - ______ due to hypoxemia - inspiratory _____ - ______ from the mouth

airway

Therapeutic management of epiglottis focuses on _____ maintenance and support.

dexamethasone, prednisolone

These corticosteroids are use in epiglottis to reduce inflammation of the airway.

tracheostomy

This is a surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the trachea.

racemic epinephrine

This is nebulized for acute laryngeal edema and given every 4 hours to improve the symptoms of stridor. Do not give more frequently than every 2 hours. Monitor for 4-6 hours for rebound effects.

cough

This is usually absent from epiglottis.

cool, oxygen, PO, IV, tracheostomy, endotracheal, comfort

Treatment of epiglottis includes - _____ mist humidification with _____ - no __ fluids - give __ fluids - have _____ tray or _____ tray available - position for _____

stridor

strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx