EPS SCI 9 - Jupiter
How is Jupiter's magnetic field produced?
-electric current in its rapidly spinning metallic hydrogen interior - unlike Earth, it's magnetic fields are not generated from it's core, but by interaction of its outer core - Earth's magnetic field origin comes from the motion of convection currents from molten iron in the Earth's core
What is Jupiter's eccentricity?
0.049
what is jupiter's spin period around it axis?
10 hours
what is Jupiter's orbital period?
11.86 Earth years
Galileo Mission
14 year mission, Orbiter and probe at Jupiter. It was the first spacecraft to observe an impact into a planetary body - shoemaker-levy 9 (comet) came in and hit jupiter.
what is Jupiter's mass?
317.8 Earth masses or 1.9x10^27 kg
how many AU from the sun is Jupiter?
5.2 AU
mean radius of Jupiter
69911 km
What are Jupiter's aphelion and perihelion numbers?
Aphelion - 5.46 AU, Perihelion - 4.95 AU
Explain what happens to the composition of Jupiter as you get closer to the center
Farther into Jupiter, hydrogen gets so compressed it becomes liquid, then as you keep getting closer to the core, the hydrogen nuclei are compressed so densely that electrons can move from atom to atom (like a metal). Core is like 10 earth masses (metallic liquid hydrogen).
Are the red bands warmer or colder than the white zones? why?
Heat is more easily transmitted through the lower cloud deck, so the red bands are warmer
How is Jupiter similar and different to a star?
It has similar abundances to the sun, so chemically, Jupiter is similar to a star. However, it is much less massive than a star → fundamentally different.
Juno
Jupiter orbiter, learned a lot about Jupiter from this mission
Why is there so much storm activity on Jupiter?
Jupiter spins so fast → lots of atmospheric storms. Winds occur because of solar radiation and heating.
Does Jupiter have rings?
Yes, Jupiter does have faint, narrow rings. Unlike Saturn, which has bright ice rings, Jupiter has dark rings which are made up of dust and tiny pieces of rock. Jupiter's rings were discovered by NASA's Voyager 1 mission in 1980.
The white zones of Jupiter are probably made of:
ammonia ice
red belts on Jupiter
clouds of ammonia hydro-sulfide
diamond anvil cell
creates pressure by crushing two diamonds and shoots lasers at material to heat up; used to recreate conditions at different depths and pressures
equations of state
describe matter under a given set of physical conditions. A way of relating density, pressure, and temperature - characterizes how material behaves when you squeeze i
Voyager 1
flyby of Jupiter and Saturn
pressure =
force/area
What elements make up Jupiter?
hydrogen (90%), helium (10%)
Which is the lower cloud deck: white zones or red belts?
red belts are lower cloud deck poking through breaks in the upper cloud deck (white ammonium clouds)
How many moons does Jupiter have?
says 69 on slides, but internet says 95
True or false: Jupiter has the most intense magnetic field in the entire solar system?
true
