ESOL Part II

Suggestopedia

A language teaching method originated in the 1970s by Bulgarian psychologist Georgi Lozanov. The name combines the terms "suggestion" and "pedagogy", the main idea being that accelerated learning can take place when accompanied by de-suggestion of psychological barriers and positive suggestion. To this end lessons take place against a background of soothing music in an emotionally comforting environment, with the teacher actively planting and unplanting thoughts in and from the learners' minds.

Which of the following kinds of assessment is most appropriate for gathering information about what ESOL students have learned from a science unit? A. Achievement B. Proficiency C. Diagnostic D. Placement

A. Achievement

Ms. Ali, an elementary school ESL teacher, is teaching a mathematics lesson on finding the area of a triangle. Before the lesson she gives each student three laminated cards: red, yellow, and green. After using several examples to explain how to find the area of a triangle, she asks students to hold up their green card if they understand the lesson and are ready to try some examples on their own; the yellow card if they understand some things but feel that they need more guided practice; and the red card if they are having trouble understanding most of the lesson. Which of the following types of assessment best characterizes Ms. Ali's use of the cards in the lesson? A. Formative assessment B. Standardized assessment C. Summative assessment D. Norm-referenced assessment

A. Formative assessment

Which of the following is the most appropriate type of assessment to use for guiding students' subsequent learning in a content area? A. Formative assessment B. Summative assessment C. Norm-referenced assessment D. Criterion-referenced assessment

A. Formative assessment

An ESOL teacher directs ELLs to identify different rocks they have been studying in science class and place each one into one of three bins labeled igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. The activity is primarily beneficial for ELLs for which of the following reasons? Select all that apply. A. It helps them master content-area vocabulary B. It allows them to build identifying and classifying skills C. It focuses on metalinguistic awareness D. It facilitates a transfer of native-language literacy skills

A. It helps them master content-area vocabulary B. It allows them to build identifying and classifying skills

Which of the following is the most appropriate learning objective for a lesson that uses content-based instruction? A. Students will be able to work in groups to answer a list of questions about the American Revolution by completing an online scavenger hunt. B. Students will be able to edit a classmate's homework assignment by successfully correcting errors in punctuation. C. Students will be able to work independently to complete a textbook exercise on verb conjugation in the present tense. D. Students will be able to write a summary in English of a short story that they read in their native language.

A. Students will be able to work in groups to answer a list of questions about the American Revolution by completing an online scavenger hunt.

Which of the following best explains the primary advantage of assessing ELLs in both English and in their native languages? A. To determine the ELLs' language dominance and distinguish between matters of proficiency, giftedness, and learning difficulties B. To evaluate the degree of transfer from the ELLs' L2 to the ELLs' L1 C. To determine the ELLs' first languages and assess their comfort with code-switching between the L1 and the L2 D. To evaluate dialectical variation in the ELLs' L1

A. To determine the ELLs' language dominance and distinguish between matters of proficiency, giftedness, and learning difficulties

Which of the following is an appropriate teacher response to an intermediate-level ESL student who is not responding when asked a question about a lesson topic? A. "You have thirty seconds to come up with a response." B. "I think you know something about this topic and I'm going to come back to you in a moment." C. "Why don't you say the answer in your native language? Another student can translate it for you." D. "Remember, participation is a large part of your grade in this class."

B. "I think you know something about this topic and I'm going to come back to you in a moment."

An elementary school ESOL teacher is beginning a unit on the three main meals of the day. The teacher collects packaging from various foods, such as cereal boxes, bags from bread, and labels from soup cans and displays them around the room. As the unit progresses, the teacher integrates the packaging into various activities by having students identify letters, locate certain words, and categorize the foods into the most appropriate meal of the day. The use of the materials in the unit is most accurately characterized as A. a graphic organizer B. a word wall C. environmental print D. a word web

C. environmental print

It is the first day of a beginning-level ESL class. When the teacher gives directions for the first activity, the students do not understand what to do. The teacher repeats the directions and acts them out. Then the teacher repeats the directions and has the students act them out. Question: The way the teacher presents the directions is primarily an example of A. the grammar translation method B. the language experience approach C. total physical response D. Suggestopedia

C. total physical response

What is audiolingual method?

Your ability to identify the salient characteristics of various methods of language instruction is tested here. The repetition and memorization of dialogues is a common practice...

What is retelling inventory?

the teacher elicits a description of a given text from the students who can explain what happened in their own words. This allows the teacher to assess both reading comprehension skills and oral language skills.

What is a performance assessment?

typically requires students to perform a task that gives them the opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge and skills. Having students work in groups to create a newspaper.

Which of the following best reflects Stephen Krashen's Input Hypothesis with respect to choosing appropriate reading materials for ELLs? A. Having ELLs choose their own reading materials based on their personal interests B. Selecting reading materials for ELLs based on grammatical structures that have already been taught C. Having ELLs choose reading materials in their native languages that are based on content-area topics D. Selecting reading materials for ELLs slightly beyond their current level of language proficiency in reading

D. Selecting reading materials for ELLs slightly beyond their current level of language proficiency in reading

Question: By having Jacob revise the circled words, the ESL teacher is using A. recasting B. comprehensive error correction C. elicitation D. selective error correction

D. selective error correction

As an activity, an ESOL teacher has the ELLs listen to a recording of short dialogue between two native speakers of English. After initially listening to the dialogue, the teacher replays it and stops after each line in the dialogue so the ELLs can repeat it in unison. The activity is most consistent with the key characteristics of A. communicative language teaching B. the language experience approach C. community language learning D. the audio lingual method

D. the audio lingual method

After an advanced-level ESOL class finishes reading The Grapes of Wrath, the ESOL teacher decides to adopt an expository writing program model for the ELLs primarily to help them learn to express complex knowledge and thoughts in their essays. Based on the description, which of the following is the most appropriate writing assignment for the teacher to give the ELLs? A. Write an essay about The Grapes of Wrath in which you analyze the effects of the physical conditions on the characters. Use evidence from the text to support your stance. B. Write about your personal reaction to the description of the physical environment in The Grapes of Wrath in two paragraphs or less. C. Write a letter in which you give advice to the main characters in The Grapes of Wrath about changing their difficult circumstances. D. Write ten sentences that incorporate all of the words on the class vocabulary list from The Grapes of Wrath. The

A. Write an essay about The Grapes of Wrath in which you analyze the effects of the physical conditions on the characters. Use evidence from the text to support your stance.

An ESOL teacher plans to assess students' productive language skills to identify their strengths and weaknesses. Which of the following assessments is the most appropriate choice? A. Giving students a short passage that relates to a topic recently studied in class and having them complete a multiple-choice quiz about its content B. Asking a pair of students to stand in front of the class, select a topic of conversation from a bowl, and discuss the topic C. Having students listen to a detailed description of a certain place, such as a park, while they try to draw what they hear as accurately as possible D. Asking students to translate a short story that they are familiar with in English into their native languages

B. Asking a pair of students to stand in front of the class, select a topic of conversation from a bowl, and discuss the topic

Which of the following is the best example of incorporating the language experience approach in a lesson? A. Having ELLs listen to a popular song in English while they fill in a lyric sheet that has word blanks B. Having ELLs recount what happened during a recent school-wide assembly as the teacher transcribes the story on the chalkboard C. Taking ELLs to a local restaurant so that they can practice ordering food in English under the teacher's guidance D. Having ELLs use all of the vocabulary words on the classroom word wall to write a short story

B. Having ELLs recount what happened during a recent school-wide assembly as the teacher transcribes the story on the chalkboard

An ESOL teacher plans to introduce a lesson on language use at the discourse level. Which of the following is the most appropriate activity for the teacher to incorporate into the lesson? A. Having the students listen to an online lecture on the topic B. Having the students listen to and discuss with the teacher an example of talk between two native English speakers C. Having the students generate a list of features of talk after listening to a television talk show D. Having the students work alone with a set of guided questions as they listen to a recording

B. Having the students listen to and discuss with the teacher an example of talk between two native English speakers

Which of the following is the most appropriate way for an ESOL teacher to apply ELLs' literacy skills in their first language (L1) to reading and understanding a new text in the second language (L2) ? A. Providing ELLs with a translation of the text in their L1 and allowing them to decide which language they prefer to read the text in B. Implementing prereading activities in the ELLs' L1 as a precursor for beginning to read the text in their L2 C. Having the ELLs read the text in their L2 and write journal entries that reflect their opinions in their L1 D. Asking the ELLs to discuss what sociolinguistic concepts in the text are shared between the their L1 and L2

B. Implementing prereading activities in the ELLs' L1 as a precursor for beginning to read the text in their L2

t is the first day of a beginning-level ESL class. When the teacher gives directions for the first activity, the students do not understand what to do. The teacher repeats the directions and acts them out. Then the teacher repeats the directions and has the students act them out. Question: Which of the following theorists is credited with developing the method used in the activity? A. Stephen Krashen B. James Asher C. Howard Gardner D. Noam Chomsky

B. James Asher

Which of the following are the most appropriate ways to promote positive interdependence when groups of ELLs are working cooperatively on a task? Select all that apply. A. Rewarding the group member who finishes first in each group with extra credit B. Letting the ELLs know that part of their grade will be determined by their group's overall performance C. Giving each member of the group a different material needed to complete the task D. Assigning groups based on each ELL's level of proficiency in English

B. Letting the ELLs know that part of their grade will be determined by their group's overall performance C. Giving each member of the group a different material needed to complete the task

Which of the following instructional materials is most appropriate to incorporate into a lesson that uses communicative language teaching (CLT)? A. A textbook exercise about verb conjugation B. Photocopies of advertisements from English magazines C. A graphic organizer that features a semantic map D. Bilingual dictionaries that contain visual references

B. Photocopies of advertisements from English magazines

Which of the following typically involve the use of students' native languages during instruction? Select all that apply. A. The Audiolingual Method B. The Direct Method C. Suggestopedia D. Community language learning

C. Suggestopedia D. Community language learning

A group of sixth-grade ELLs has been studying different dinosaurs in their science class. To supplement the science unit, the ESOL teacher plans the following activity. To prepare the classroom, the teacher will hang labeled pictures of the dinosaurs that the ELLs are studying in science class on the chalkboard. The teacher will divide students into two teams and have them line up in two lines facing the chalkboard. The two students at the front of the lines will each receive a flyswatter. The teacher will read a basic description of one of the dinosaurs on the chalkboard aloud. The students at the front of the line will listen to the description, and once they have figured out which dinosaur is being described, they will race to slap the correct picture with their flyswatter. A point will be given to the team whose student slaps the correct picture first. The next two students in the lines will receive the flyswatte

C The activity promotes the ELLs' acquisition of content-area vocabulary through targeted, context-embedded instruction.

Which of the following is most appropriate to include in instruction for ESOL students with limited formal schooling (LFS) ? A. Project-based learning and portfolio assessment B. Self-directed study in independent learning centers C. Visually rich classrooms and a focus on familiar experiences D. A pull-out model for intensive grammar-based instruction

C Visually rich classrooms and a focus on familiar experiences

After reviewing the results of a recent classroom assessment, an ESOL teacher notes that most of the students received scores that fell between 90 percent and 100 percent. Based on the results, which of the following is the most appropriate action the teacher can take when planning future instruction? A. Concentrating on topics not covered by the assessment since the students have already achieved mastery of its content B. Reteaching lessons on the content of the assessment to reinforce students' self-esteem and promote a positive attitude toward learning C. Continuing to build on the knowledge that students evidenced in the assessment while exploring new content and honing skills D. Increasing by at least one proficiency level the level of language used in classroom activities focused on the content of the assessment

C. Continuing to build on the knowledge that students evidenced in the assessment while exploring new content and honing skills

Which of the following is the best example of a summative assessment in the ESOL classroom? A. ELLs work in pairs to interview each other about their favorite movies. B. ELLs complete an exit card at the end of a lesson where they write down the main idea of a story they read in class. C. ELLs give an oral presentation about insects after the completion of a science unit. D. ELLs use an editing checklist to review another classmate's homework assignment.

C. ELLs give an oral presentation about insects after the completion of a science unit.

An ESL teacher plans to develop students' writing skills by using a discourse analysis approach. Which of the following is the most logical first step for the teacher to take when planning instruction? A. Having students use graphic organizers to outline essay topics B. Asking students to edit each other's first drafts of a writing assignment C. Having students familiarize themselves with a variety of written genres that vary in purpose and context D. Asking students to write freely in their response journals for a set amount of time every day

C. Having students familiarize themselves with a variety of written genres that vary in purpose and context

Ms. Garcia, an ESOL teacher of advanced ELLs, realizes that her students need to learn to distinguish between formal and informal language use when applying for summer jobs and internships. Which of the following activities will best raise the students' awareness regarding language use in this context? A. Having the students write about their own experiences of times they felt uncomfortable when speaking English B. Planning a series of textbook lessons that focus on advanced grammatical structures C. Having students participate in a role-play activity in which they simulate speaking with their boss or going out with their friends D. Researching vocabulary related to the summer jobs or internships they are seeking on the Internet

C. Having students participate in a role-play activity in which they simulate speaking with their boss or going out with their friends

Which of the following best summarizes the primary advantage of using formative assessment in the ESOL classroom? A. It provides the teacher with information about ELLs' individual goals for learning English. B. It gives the teacher feedback on how much content ELLs have mastered after a specified period of time. C. It allows the teacher to guide future instruction while checking for understanding during lessons. D. It enables the teacher to identify ELLs' overall language proficiency in the areas of speaking, writing, listening, and reading.

C. It allows the teacher to guide future instruction while checking for understanding during lessons.

Students in an ESOL class use a cookbook to answer questions about the steps of making a certain recipe. Which of the following best describes the type of material being used in the activity? A. Graphic organizers B. Manipulatives C. Realia D. Portfolios

C. Realia

Which of the following is best characterized as a metacognitive learning strategy? A. Note taking B. Group work C. Self-monitoring D. Translation

C. Self-monitoring

Which of the following activities focuses specifically on ELLs' development of metalinguistic awareness? A. Imagine your classmate has never made a paper airplane. Explain to your classmate how to make one. B. Explain how changing the sentence "It's mine!" to "It's mine?" changes the meaning of the sentence. C. Study the ten words with plural endings on the board. What rule do you think explains how to add plural endings to these kinds of words? D. Construct a dialogue with a partner, memorize the lines, and then perform the dialogue in class.

C. Study the ten words with plural endings on the board. What rule do you think explains how to add plural endings to these kinds of words?

Answer the question below by clicking on the correct response. Question: Which of the following is the most appropriate example of an authentic writing task? A. Having students complete a grammar worksheet about adverbs B. Giving students a cloze worksheet to complete that has a word bank of recently studied vocabulary words C. Having students write a paragraph that summarizes a textbook passage D. Asking students to write an e-mail to a classmate about what they plan to do over the weekend

D Asking students to write an e-mail to a classmate about what they plan to do over the weekend

Which of the following is most likely to emphasize interaction among students within the context of authentic language use? A. The grammar-translation method B. The audio lingual method C. Suggestopedia D. Communicative language teaching

D. Communicative language teaching

An elementary school ESOL teacher plays a song to help demonstrate forces of motion during a science lesson. When the word "push" is used in the song, the teacher pushes a chair and when the word "pull" is used, the teacher pulls the chair back. The teacher then asks the students to perform the same actions while standing behind their chairs and singing the song together. Finally, the teacher asks the students to record "push" and "pull" in their science notebooks by having them draw a picture next to each word and copy down the lyrics to the song. On the basis of the lesson, the teacher is primarily facilitating students' acquisition of the new vocabulary words through which of the following? A. Graphic organizers B. Top-down processing C. Collaborative learning D. Comprehensible input

D. Comprehensible input

What is indirect feedback?

Here the teacher has indicated where the student has made mistakes, but has not corrected the mistakes for the student.

Indirect Feedback

Indicates where mistake is made but does not actually correct the mistakes.