Ethics Unit 4 Exam

can be almost any information not generally known if it is valuable to its possessor and treated confidentially

A "trade secret"...

True

A bridge is remuneration for the performance of an act that is inconsistent with the work contract or the nature of the work one has been hired to perform. T/F

True

A conflict of interest arises when an employee has private interests that are substantial enough to interfere with his or her job duties. T/F

is a lack of job satisfaction can create mental health problems

A fact about job satisfaction is....

believe women and men should be paid on the same scale for doing equivalent jobs and different jobs involving equivalent skill, effort, and responsibility

Advocates of "comparable worth"...

False

All gifts are bribes. T/F

True

An early 1970s government survey of worker dissatisfaction identified the lack of opportunities to be one's own boss as one of the three chief sources of worker dissatisfaction. T/F

True

An employee can have a conflict of interest even if he or she does not act to the detriment of the organization. T/F

True

Anti-discrimination laws do not address the present-day effects of past discrimination. T/F

True

As a general rule, the burden is on an organization to establish the legitimacy of infringing on what would normally be considered the personal....T/F

all of these can be a disadvantage

As they try and fit into a work world dominated by white men, women and minorities can be disadvantaged by...

True

Businesses often claim polygraphs are a fast and economical way to verify the information provided by a job applicant. T/F

True

By definition, whistle-blowing can only be done by a past or present member of the organization. T/F

the purpose of the gift and whether the gift might influence the recipient's judgment

In determining the morality or giving and receiving gifts in a business situation, which of the following factors is MOST relevant?

True

Informed consent implies deliberation and free choice. T/F

the buying of selling of stocks (or other financial securities) by business "insiders" on the basis of information that has not yet been made public and is likely to affect the price of the stock

Insider trading is...

False

Kantains would support repudiate job description as necessary to respect people as ends in themselves. T/F

makes it illegal for executives to retaliate against employees who report possible violations of federal law

The Sarbanes Oxley Act marked an important advance for several reasons one of which is that it.....

False

The Supreme Court has ruled that sexual favoritism is a form a sexual harassment and is therefore illegal. T/F

managers

The United States has more of what per employee than any other industrial nation?

personal gain

The use of one's official position for what always raises moral concerns and questions?

"quid pro quo" and "hostile work environment"

There are two types of sexual harassment,

True

To discriminate in employment is to make an adverse decision against an employee or job applicant based on society on his or her membership in a certain class. T/F

the bottom line

Today most large corporations not only accept the necessity of affirmative action but also find that ________________ benefits when they make themselves more diverse.

False

Fatigue and stress is less of a health problem than it used to be. T/F

True

Granting workers new responsibilities and respect can benefit the entire organization. T/F

companies are no the kind of things that are properly objects of loyalty

Some writers deny that employees have any obligation of loyalty to the company because....

False

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 applies to all employers, bot public and private, with twenty-five or more employees. T/F

False

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) outlaws grease payments. T/F

makes no distinction between bribery and exortion

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)...

attention and recognition can enhance worker productivity and motivation

The Hawthrone effect shows...

False

The SEC's insider-trading rule reduces equality of opportunity in the marketplace. T/F

the hypothetical "reasonable person"

Sexual comments that one woman appreciates might distress another woman. The courts decide when such behavior is inappropriate by seeing if the behavior would be offensive to...

True

"Affirmative action" means programs taking the race or sex of employees or job candidates into account as part of an effort to correct imbalances in employment that exists as a result of past discrimination, either in the company itself or in the larger society. T/F

public interest morally outweighs loyalty to the organization

According to the Professor Norman Bowie, which of the following factors is primarily relevant to the motivation of whistle-blowers?

employees are under a legal obligation to act loyally and in good faith and to carry out lawful instructions

According to the traditional law of agency, which statement is true?

True

Catherine A. MacKinnon descries sexual harassment as sexual attention imposed on someone who is not in a position to refuse it. T/F

moral

Companies clearly have what kind of obligation to provide a work environment in which employees are free from sexual harassment?

False

Companies have a right to prevent employees in technical fields from quitting and working for another company. T/F

in suppliers, customers, or distributors with whom their organizations do business

Conflicts of interest may exist when employees have financial investments....

occur when employees have special or private interests that are substantial enough to interfere with their job duties

Conflicts of interest...

moral

Conflicts of interests are what kind of problem?

True

Employees have a legal right to refuse work when it exposes them to imminent danger. T/F

False

Employees have no obligations to people with whom they have no business relations. T/F

False

OSHA requires safegaurds whether or not they are "feasible"

playthings

One message that sexual harassment conveys is that managers view women as...

most women have freely chosen the lower paying occupations

Opponents of comparable worth insist which one of these ideas support their position?

critics call OSHA a "toothless tiger"

Out of these four, which one is the only correct statement concerning OSHA?

True

Privacy is widely acknowledged today to be a fundamental right. T/F

must be respected if we are to function as complete, self-governing agents

Privacy...

False

Prudential reasons are reasons that refer to the interests of others and the demands of morality. T/F

True

The courts view sexual harassment as a kind of sexual discrimination

True

The general proposition that a firm has a legitimate interest only in employee behavior that significantly influences work performance applies equally to off-the-job conduct. T/F

True

The issue of comparable worth pits against each other two cherished American values, the ethic of nondiscrimination verses the free enterprise system. T/F

workers are often unaware of the hazards they face on the job

The most accurate statement about workplace safety is...

a poor relationship with their immediate supervisor

The most common reason that people leave their job is...

that all individuals can usefully and validly be categorized on the basis of a relativity small number of personality characteristics

The one key questionable promise underlying personality tests is...

False

The only true form of job discrimination is intentional and individual. T/F

culture that is proactively orientated toward safety

The proper approach to promote safety is found in the "hidden culture" which is...

may conflict with an organization's legitimate interests

The right to privacy of employees....

the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977

U.S. companies have a history of paying off foreign officials for business favors. Such acts were declared illegal by...

Firms are expected to survey current female and minority employment by department and job classification

What do affirmative action programs involve?

interesting work, sufficient help, support and information to accomplish the job; enough authority to carry out the work and good pay

When employees at all emotional level at all occupational levels are asked to rank what is important to them, the order that they put them in is:

informed consent

When it comes to obtaining information about employees, a key concept is...

True

When used properly, personality tests can help screen applicants for jobs by indicating areas of adequacy and inadequacy. T/F

Employees who disclose trade secrets violate the confidentially owed to their employees

Which is the best argument for legally protecting trade secrets?

if it is necessary to break the cycle that keeps minorities and women licked into low paying, low prestige jobs

Which of the following is the most plausible argument FOR affirmative action?

Affirmative action violates the principle of equality

Which of the following the most plausible argument AGAINST affirmative action?

drug testing can only be defensible when there is a legitimate interest at stake and that the steps the business is taking to protect the interest are reasonable morally permissible

Which statement has the proper perspective about the testing of employees by a business?

True

Women entering male turf, or minority workers of either sex going into a predominately white work environment, can find themselves uncomfortably being measured by a white male value system. T/F