Evolution Study Guide

features that look similar, but do not show common ancestry are..

analogous

which term best describes the structures shown below (butterflies)

analogous

flies and birds both have wings, this is an example of which type of structure

analogous structure

evidence for evolution includes all of the following except

acquired characteristics

which of the following are not apart of natural selection

acquired traits are passed to offspring

the process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment is as...

adaptation

the finches that Darwin studied differed in the shape of their beaks. according to Darwin the flinches probably..

all had a common ancestor

which statements is true about the plants

all of them

the major idea that Darwin presented in his book The Origin of Species was that...

species changed over time by natural selection

which of following is a vestigial structure

the human tailbone

due to climate change, the artic is warming up faster than the rest of the world. in population where some artic rabbits are white and others are brown, what will likely happen? wolves are predators in this environment

(1) the population will shift to mainly brown rabbits because the white ones will no longer be camouflaged and will be eaten soon (2) the population will shift to mainly brown rabbits because the brown rabbits will survive longer to reproduce (3) the population will shift to mainly brown rabbits because the brown rabbits that survive will pass their brown genes on to their offspring

chose all that are true of this particular fossil

1. known as an archaeopteryx 2. transition fossil 3. shows the evolution of the birds form dinosaurs

what is he percent difference between the cytochrome of humans and rattlesnakes

19

the beak of a bird and the beak of a giant squid evolved independently and serve the same function, but do NOT show common ancestry. the beaks are..

analogous structures

pterosaur skeleton, what are the characteristics

ate meat and had a short digestive system

predict what would happen to populations of the same species living in different places

become increasingly different as each becomes adapted to its own environment

structures that show a common ancestry

homologous structure

endosymbiotic theory shows how ____ cells evolved from ___ cells. It also shows how ___ and ____ evolved

eukaryotic, prokaryotic, chloroplasts, mitochondria

all of the limbs of vertebrates have the same pattern: one bone- two bone - little bones- fingerbones

homologous structure

structures that developed from similar environment or similar natural selection

homologous structure

while looking for fossils on an eroded hillside, you discover fossil coral and dish in one layer. In a layer just above, you find the fossil imprint of a fern fond and some fossil moss. assuming the rock has not been disturbed, infer the paleoenvironment

in ancient times a sea had been replaced by land

oldest to youngest (rock layer picture)

law of superposition

what is variation in population a result of

mutations in DNA

which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between natural selection and evolution

natural selection is one way that evolution happens

natural selection is the process by which

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well organisms in the same environment

organisms well suited to their environment

reproduce more successfully than those less suited to the same environment

what organisms are most closely related to the primates

rodents and rabbits

the similarity of these structures suggests that the organisms

share a common ancestor

within a decade of the introduction of new insecticide, nearly all of the descendants of the target insects are resistant to the usual- sized dose. what is the most likely explanation for this change in susceptibility to the insecticide

the insects that the resisted the poison survived to reproduce. their offspring also had resistance

why are pure bred dogs prone to so any health problems

they are inbred

what do comparative embryology show us and share the same body plan early in life

vertebrates

a structure that was useful in ancestors, but not useful in modern organism

vestigial structure

tailbones, appendix, and ear muscles in humans

vestigial structure