Exam 1
the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) or gay market has been estimated to comprise ______________ of the adult U.S. population
2-5 percent
the percentage of millennial fathers in the US men who have primary or shared grocery shopping responsibilities for their household is
80 percent
_________ are the rules that specify or prohibit certain behaviors in specific situations
Norms
__________ is the amount of money one must pay to obtain the right to use the product.
Price
which of the following is an example of cause-related marketing (CRM)?
a company donates $1 to diabetes research for every purchase of its products by consumers
which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the overall model of consumer behavior? experiences and acquisitions have little effect on the process it is sufficiently detailed so as to predict particular behaviors personality, emotions, and attitudes represent external influences on consumer behavior family and culture are internal influence his or her needs and desires a consumer's self-concept and lifestyle influence his or her needs and desires
a consumer's self-concept and lifestyle influence his or her needs and desires
which of the following is an emerging American value?
admiring nature
which of the following is a factor influencing nonverbal communications? symbols space things relationships
all of these are correct
which of the following is enabling the growth of a global culture? travel mass media education work
all of these are correct
since women are quite diverse as a group, what other factors must marketers also consider when designing marketing communications? life stage employment status age ethnicity
all of these choices
the "Green Guides" provide examples of acceptable and unacceptable practices dealing with advertising and package claims relating to such areas as the environment, in general, as well those relating specifically to biodegradable recyclable recycled content ozone friendly
all of these choices
which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior? marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society it is often necessary to conduct research organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process all of these choices are correct
all of these choices
which of the following is a traditional American value? active hard work competition youth
all of these choices
which of the following is included in marketing communications? packaging advertising public relations sales force
all of these choices are correct
a products position refers to:
an image of the product in the consumers mind relative to competing products
a(n) ____________ is based on an attribute over which the individual has little or no control
ascribed role
how can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?
by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does
which term is used to refer to the application of marketing principles and tactics to advance a cause such as a charity, an ideology, or an activity?
cause marketing and social marketing
which type of marketing ties a company and its products to an issue or cause with the goal of improving sales or corporates image while providing benefits to the cause?
cause-related marketing
consumers higher in individualism are more likely to __________ when faced with poor service performance
complain, switch, and engage in negative word-of-mouth
which of the following is a component of a market analysis? market segmentation objectives all of these choices price conditions
conditions
marketing strategy begins with:
conducting a market analysis
most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as ___________ societies
consumption
_____________ are widely help beliefs that firm what is desirable
cultural value
___________ are widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable
cultural values
norms are derived from
cultural values
_________ is the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society
culture
in the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior?
culture is acquired, that is, it is learned
which of the following is NOT a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior? social welfare physical environment outcomes all of these choices are societal outcomes economic outcomes customer satisfaction
customer satisfaction
the difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as
customer value
a shift back to an emphasis on postponed gratification in America would most likely
decrease the use of credit
which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets?
demographics, lifestyles, and media usage
which element of the marketing mix is concerned with having the product available where target customers can buy it? placement distribution communications price product
distribution
United States is comprised of culture that accepts a wide array of personal behaviors and attitudes, foods, dress, and other products and services. thus, the United States values:
diversity
according to the authors, American culture increasingly values
diversity
_________ values prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technological as well as its physical environment
environment-oriented
____________ represents generally accepted ways of behaving in social situations
etiquette
what is the basis for virtually all societies?
family unit
trademarks
for the most part need to be established on a country-by-country basis
which terms is used to refer to whether a person is biologically a male or female?
gender and sex
_________ refers to the traits of femininity and masculinity
gender identity
the behaviors considered appropriate for males and females in a given society are known as
gender roles
which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands because they view them as a signal of higher quality?
global citizens
as green claims increased in number and scope, the FTC developed the ______________ to help alleviate concern over the potential for marketers to mislead consumers
green guides
the practice whereby a firm promotes environmental benefits that are unsubstantiated and on which they don't deliver is known as
greenwashing
what is the first step in market segmentation?
identify product-related need sets
which of the following is an example of an other-oriented value?
individual/collective
what are the two types of materialism?
instrumental and terminal
______________ represents how one lives, including the products one buys, how one uses them, what one thinks about them, and how one feels about them
lifestyle
which type of decisions involve very little effort or thought on the part of the consumer?
low-involvement decisions
a portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n)
market segment
____________ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products.
marketing communication
the product, price, communications, distribution, and services provided to the target market is referred to as the
marketing mix
what is the largest single influence on the movement toward uniformity in the global youth market?
mass media
the voluntary simplicity movement in America represents a shift in which value?
material/nonmaterial
which of the following is a self-oriented value?
material/nonmaterial
to be successful, a product must
meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does
a woman that is married where both she and her husband work and share homemaking and child care responsibilities is classified as ____________ with respect to gender orientation.
modern
which term reflects the fact that most product in developed economics satisfy more than one need?
need set
__________ are the arbitrary meanings a culture assigns actions, events, and things other than words
nonverbal communication systems
Asian societies (i.e., Japan) value collective activity. that is consumers look toward others for guidance in purchase decisions and do not respond favorably to promotional appeals focusing on individualism. which category of cultural values does this represent?
other-oriented
________ values reflect a society's view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society
other-oriented
an image of the product or brand in the consumer's mind relative to competing products and brands is referred to as the product's:
position
___________ refers to the degree to which people accept inequality in power, authority, status, and wealth as natural or inherent in society
power distance
what is the first step in the consumer decision process?
problem recognition
A(n) _____________ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need
product
____________ is based on the cost of a standard market basket of products bought in each country
purchasing party (PPP)
which of the following is an example of a self-oriented value?
religious/secular
which value has a strong influence on entrepreneurship and economic development as well as new product acceptance?
risk taking/security
which value relates to tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty avoidance?
risk taking/security
violation of cultural norms results in ____________, or penalties ranging from mild disapproval to banishment from the group
sanctions
what is the LAST step in market segmentation?
selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve
the totality of an individual's thoughts and feelings about him- or herself is known as:
self-concept
which is NOT a step in the consumer's decision process? alternative evaluation and selection information search problem recognition postpurchase processes self-concept analysis
self-concept analysis
which of the following is NOT considered one of the firm's outcomes of the marketing strategy and consumer behavior process? product position all of these choices are considered outcomes for the firm customer satisfaction sales and profits service
service
the value that Americans place on youth has
shown a slow reversal toward more value being placed on age in recent years
the population of the United States is over 320 million people. with respect to demographics, this number represents:
size
with respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society?
size
______________ is done to enhance the welfare of individuals or society without direct benefit to a firm
social marketing
using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as:
standardization
with respect to demographics, which of the following describes the society in terms of age, income, education, and occupation?
structure
those who work in such professions as architecture, science, engineering, and health care and business who generate new ideas and technologies for a living or engage in complex problem solving are referred to as:
the creative class
it is critical that a firm consider value from which perspective?
the customers
what has been found to improve the results of cause-related marketing programs?
the fit between the company and the cause
which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior? organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society it is often necessary to conduct research the overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior
the overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior
a shift from a focus on sensual gratification to abstinence in America would most likely affect
the types of advertising themes used
a shift away from a competition oriented society would most likely affect
the use of comparative advertising
a culture's overall orientation toward time is known as its
time perspective
a woman who is married with the husband assuming the responsibility for providing for the family and the wife running the house and taking care of the children would be classified as
traditional
_____________ is consumers' effort to reduce their reliance on consumption and material possessions
voluntary simplicity
