exam 1

what are populations at risk of mental illness and inadequate care

Immigrants Refugees Cultural "minorities" (Friedman integrated care project)

A person has a high level of resilience. Which other characteristic would the nurse expect this person to have? Optimism Patriotism Aggressiveness Depressed affect

Optimism

increased insurance coverage through expanded Medicaid eligibility, health insurance "brokers" and mandated insurance

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 2010

what are the phases of group development

Planning Orientation phase Working phase Termination phase

Used by the facility for quality improvement Used as evidence Electronic documentation

medical records

According to Psychiatry, the definition of _____: - Evolves over time - Is shaped by the prevailing culture and societal values - Reflects changes in social norms, society's expectations, political climates and even reimbursement criteria by third party payers

mental health

what is stress

Environmental stress or trauma (external, nurture)

what is veracity

One's duty to always communicate truthfully

what are theoretic foundations for groups

- Humanism - Cognitive-behavioral - Psychodynamic - Psychoeducational - Systems

what is the diathesis stress model?

- Most accepted explanation for mental illness - Combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors - Nature + Nurture - The diathesis-stress model, also known as the vulnerability-stress model, is a psychological theory that attempts to explain a disorder, or its trajectory, as the result of an interaction between a predispositional vulnerability, the diathesis, and a stress caused by life experiences

what are the 5 kinds of therapeutic groups

- heterogenous groups - homogenous groups - closed group - open group - subgroup

therapeutic factors common to all groups: - development of ______ techniques - imitative behavior - interpersonal larning - group cohesiveness - ______ - ______

- socializing - catharsis - existential resolution

Self-directed; Individual & Person-centered; Empowering; Holistic; Nonlinear; Strengths-based; Peer Supported; Respect; Responsibility; and Hope

10 Guiding principles of Recovery:

➢Employs purposeful or therapeutic use of self ➢Uses nursing, psychosocial, neurobiological theories and research ➢Works with people throughout the lifespan ➢Is employed in a variety of settings

A Psychiatric Nurse

what is a tort?

A civil wrong for which money damages may be collected by the injured party (plaintiff) from the responsible party (the defendant)

what is documentation of care

A record's usefulness is determined by evaluating—when the record is read later—how accurately and completely it portrays the patient's behavioral status at the time it was written. medical records

A patient, Mary, has talked constantly throughout the group therapy session. She has repeated the same material several times. Other members were initially attentive then became bored, inattentive, and finally sullen. Which intervention would be most effective for the nurse leader to take? A. "Most of you have become quiet. I'm wondering if it might be related to concerns you may have about how the group is progressing today." B. "Mary has been doing most of the talking. I think it would be helpful for everyone to tell Mary how that has affected your experience of the group." C. "I noticed that as the group went on, most members became quiet, then disinterested, and now seem almost angry. What is going on?" D. "Mary, you have been doing most of the talking, and others have not had much chance to speak as a result. Could you please yield to others now?"

A. "Most of you have become quiet. I'm wondering if it might be related to concerns you may have about how the group is progressing today."

A college student said, "Most of the time I'm happy and feel good about myself. I have learned that what I get out of something is proportional to the effort I put into it." According to the mental health-mental illness continuum, this person is experiencing: A. Mental Health and Wellbeing B. Emotional Problems or Concerns C. Mental Illness D. None of these apply

A. Mental Health and Wellbeing

The nurse administers medications to a culturally diverse group of patients on a psychiatric unit. What expectation should the nurse have about pharmacokinetics? A. Patients of different cultural groups may metabolize medications at different rates. B. Metabolism of psychotropic medication is consistent among various cultural groups. C. Only hepatic enzymes will influence the rate of elimination of psychotropic medications. D. It is important to provide patients with oral and written literature about their psychotropic medications.

A. Patients of different cultural groups may metabolize medications at different rates.

A client plans to have electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Which member of the team is responsible for obtaining the client's informed consent? A. Physician B. Psychologist C. Case manager D. Registered nurse

A. Physician

A nurse in the clinic has a full appointment schedule. A Hispanic American patient arrives at 1230 for a 1000 appointment. A Native American patient does not keep an appointment at all. What understanding will improve the nurse's planning? These patients are: A. members of cultural groups that have a different view of time. B. immature and irresponsible in health care matters. C. acting out feelings of anger toward the system. D. displaying passive-aggressive tendencies

A. members of cultural groups that have a different view of time.

A new nurse is reviewing the various types of groups available on her new unit. One group adds new members as others leave. She recognizes this type of group as a(n) ________ group. A. open B. closed C. homogenous D. heterogeneous

A. open

➢May also lead specialized group treatments, including psychotherapy, for which more complex skills are necessary

APRNs

What is Mental Health?

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) it is the ability to: ➢Recognize one's own potential ➢Cope with the normal stress of life ➢Work productively ➢Make a contribution to the community

-giving support to others -improved self value Corrective recapitulation of primary family group -mirror patterns w/in own family -feedback from group can help member to gain insight & learn more effective ways to relate to own family members

Altruism

what are some examples of intentional tort

Assault Battery False imprisonment Invasion of privacy Defamation of character (slander or libel)

➢Exerts control over the group and does not encourage much interaction

Autocratic leader

A nurse needs assistance communicating with a severely anxious 21-year-old male who immigrated to the United States from Chuuk two years ago. Of the four individuals listed below who are available and fluent in the patient's language, which one should the nurse call? A. 65-year-old female professional interpreter B. 24-year-old male professional translator C. A member of the patient's family D. The patient's best friend

B. 24-year-old male professional translator --> should be interpreter (typo)

Select the example of a tort. A. The plan of care for a patient is not completed within 24 hours of the patient's admission. B. A nurse gives a PRN dose of an antipsychotic drug to an agitated patient because the unit is short-staffed and it would take too long to verbally deescalate the patient. C. An advanced practice nurse recommends hospitalization for a patient who is dangerous to self and others. D. A patient's admission status changed from involuntary to voluntary after the patient's hallucinations subside.

B. A nurse gives a PRN dose of an antipsychotic drug to an agitated patient because the unit is short-staffed and it would take too long to verbally deescalate the patient.

A nurse encounters an unfamiliar psychiatric disorder on a new patient's admission form. Which resource should the nurse consult to determine criteria used to establish this diagnosis? A. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) C. A behavioral health reference manual D. Wikipedia

B. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)

Legal and clients' rights are suspended when a client is hospitalized involuntarily. A. True B. False C. Not sure

B. False

A group has two more sessions before it ends. One member who previously has been vocal and has shown much progress has grown silent. What explanation most likely underlies his current silence? A. He has said what is on his mind and now has nothing more to offer. B. He wants to give quieter members a chance to talk in the time remaining. C. Quiet members are dominating now in order to talk more before group ends. D. He is having trouble dealing with his feelings about the group's ending.

B. He wants to give quieter members a chance to talk in the time remaining. A chief task during the termination phase of a group is to take what has been learned in group and transition to life without the group. The end of a group can be a significant loss for members, who may experience loss and grief and respond with sadness or anger. It is unlikely he would have nothing to say; at the very least, he could be responding to the comments of others even if not focusing on his own issues. He may wish to give quieter members a chance to talk, but again, this would not require or explain his complete silence. Some members, faced with only two remaining sessions, may be becoming more dominant under this pressure of time, but here too this is unlikely to lead a previously active participant to fall completely silent. The member is not attention-seeking.

A nurse at the mental health center prepares to administer a scheduled injection of haloperidol decanoate (Haldol depot) to a patient with schizophrenia. As the nurse swabs the site, the patient shouts, "Stop, stop. I don't want to take that medicine anymore because I hate the side effects." Select the nurse's first action. A. Assemble other staff for a show of force and proceed with the injection, using restraint if necessary. B. Stop the medication administration procedure and say to the patient, "Tell me more about the side effects you've been having." C. Proceed with the injection but explain to the patient that there are medications that will help reduce the unpleasant side effects. D. Say to the patient, "Since I've already drawn the medication in the syringe, I'm required to give it, but let's talk to the doctor about delaying next month's dose."

B. Stop the medication administration procedure and say to the patient, "Tell me more about the side effects you've been having."

Which worldview would the nurse anticipate from a client who says, "It is important to save enough money to take care of yourself in your old age. We should not rely on anyone else to take care of us." A. Eastern B.Western C.Indigenous

B. Western (science) In the Western tradition, one's identity is found in one's individuality, which inspires the valuing of autonomy, independence, and self-reliance. Success in life is obtained by preparing for the future

A patient with schizophrenia with a history of violent behavior tells his PMHNP that he believes a local minister stirred evil spirits. The patient threatens to bomb the church where the pastor is. The PMHNP notifies law enforcement & the minister according to workplace policies & procedures. Select the answer with the correct rationale. The PMHNP: A. released information without proper authorization. B. demonstrated the duty to warn and protect. C. violated the patient's confidentiality. D. avoided charges of malpractice.

B. demonstrated the duty to warn and protect.

A nurse was the case manager for a client with serious mental illness for 6 years. The client died by suicide 1 week ago. Today, the client's spouse asks, "I always wondered if my spouse was a victim of sexual abuse in childhood. What can you tell me about that?" Can the nurse disclose information to the surviving spouse? A. Yes B. No C. Not sure

B. no

Two hospitalized patients fight when they are in the same room. During a team meeting, a nurse asserts that safety is of paramount importance, so treatment plans should call for both patients to be secluded to keep them from injuring each other. This assertion: A. reinforces the autonomy of the two patients. B. violates the civil rights of both patients. C. represents the intentional tort of battery. D. correctly places emphasis on safety.

B. violates the civil rights of both patients.

Formation of personality Conscious and unconscious influences Importance of individual talk sessions Attentive listening Transference Countertransference Defense mechanisms

Big ticket items Freud's theory addresses:

Used in relation to ethical dilemmas surrounding health care

Bioethics

what is diathesis?

Biological predisposition (nature,internal, genetic loading)

care received under standard of care

Breach of duty

A voluntarily hospitalized patient tells the nurse, "Get me the forms for discharge. I want to leave now." Select the nurse's best response. A. "I will get the forms for you right now and bring them to your room." B. "Since you signed your consent for treatment, you may leave if you desire." C. "I will get them for you, but let's talk about your decision to leave treatment." D. "I cannot give you those forms without your health care provider's knowledge."

C. "I will get them for you, but let's talk about your decision to leave treatment."

Which individual with mental illness may need involuntary hospitalization? A. A person with alcoholism who has been sober for 6 months but begins drinking again B. An individual with schizophrenia who stops taking prescribed antipsychotic drugs C. An individual with bipolar disorder, manic phase, who has not eaten in 4 days D. Someone who repeatedly phones a national TV broadcasting service with news tips

C. An individual with bipolar disorder, manic phase, who has not eaten in 4 days

Which term refers to individuals' belief that their cultural values and practices are correct and superior to those of others? A. Assimilation B. Enculturation C. Ethnocentrism D. Somaticization

C. Ethnocentrism

Which disorder is a culture-bound syndrome? A. Epilepsy B. Schizophrenia C. Running amok D. Major depression

C. Running amok

Which actions violate the civil rights of a psychiatric patient? The nurse: (select all that apply) A. performs mouth checks after overhearing a patient say, "I've been spitting out my medication." B. begins suicide precautions before a patient is assessed by the health care provider. C. opens and reads a letter a patient left at the nurse's station to be mailed. D. places a patient's expensive watch in the hospital business office safe. E. restrains a patient who uses profanity when speaking to the nurse.

C. opens and reads a letter a patient left at the nurse's station to be mailed. E. restrains a patient who uses profanity when speaking to the nurse.

A patient in a group therapy session listens for a time and then remarks, "I used to think I was the only one who felt afraid. I guess I'm not as alone as I thought." This is an example of: A. ventilation. B. altruism. C. universality. D. group cohesiveness.

C. universality.

Discharge of emotions shared -insight through interaction with others

Catharsis

If this ___ didn't happen, would the outcome still have been the same?

Cause in fact

what is a common misperception of the DSM5

Common misperception is that DSM classifies people but it actually classifies disorders

more than one mental health disorder at a time

Comorbid condition AKA Dual Diagnosis

what are three kinds of discharge procedures

Conditional release Unconditional release Release against medical advice (AMA)

what are the three levels of awareness

Conscious Preconscious Unconscious

Family basis for identity Body-mind-spirit one entity Time is circular and recurring Born into a fate; duty to comply Disease caused by fluctuations in opposing forces

Eastern tradition

Problem solver Reality tester

Ego

Process in which a culture's worldview, beliefs, values, and practices are transmitted to its members.

Enculturation

Genuine concern for patient's welfare Willingness to listen until patient's viewpoint is understood Patience, consideration, and empathy

Cultural desire

Impose values & patterns of behavior onto others

Cultural imposition

Define what is normal or abnormal within a culture

Cultural norms

Ability to perform a cultural assessment in a sensitive way - Use professional medical interpreter to ensure meaningful communication - Use culturally sensitive assessment tools

Cultural skill

A young female member in a therapy group relates to an older female patient as one might to a mother, accusing her of trying to control her whenever the older member offers observations or suggestions to her. Which therapeutic factor of a group is represented by this behavior? A. Instillation of hope B. Existential resolution C. Development of socializing techniques D. Corrective recapitulation of the primary family

D. Corrective recapitulation of the primary family

Which Western cultural feature may result in establishing unrealistic outcomes for patients of other cultural groups? A. Interdependence B. Present time orientation C. Flexible perception of time D. Direct confrontation to solve problems

D. Direct confrontation to solve problems

According to the nature-plus-nurture or Diathesis-Stress Model, A. stress represents a predisposition to stress. B. diathesis represents a predisposition to diabetes. C. diathesis represents environmental stress or trauma and stress represents biolgical predisposition. D. diathesis represents biological predisposition and stress represents environmental stress or trauma.

D. diathesis represents biological predisposition and stress represents environmental stress or trauma.

the DSM-5 uses "people- first language" which is viewing the person as a person not an illness. The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) classifies: A. deviant behaviors B. present disability or distrress C. mentally ill people such as schizophrenics D. mental health disorders such as schizophrenia

D. mental health disorders such as schizophrenia

Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience? One who: A. is able to repress stressors. B. becomes depressed after the death of a spouse. C. lives in a shelter for two years after the home is destroyed by fire. D. takes a temporary job to maintain financial stability after loss of a permanent job.

D. takes a temporary job to maintain financial stability after loss of a permanent job.

loss of earning, pain, suffering, etc.

Damages

Operate on unconscious level Deny, falsify, or distort reality to make it less threatening

Defense mechanisms and anxiety

➢Supports extensive group interaction in the process of problem solving

Democratic leader

what is justice

Distribute resources or care equally

Writ of habeas corpus a formal written order to "free the person", the procedural mechanism used to challenge unlawful detention by the government Least restrictive alternative doctrine mandates that the least drastic means to be taken to achieve a specific purpose (ex: someone treated for depression on an outpatient basis)

Due process in involuntary commitment

assumed when accept employment or a patient in private practice

Duty

patient confidentiality- what are the exceptions to the rule?*

Duty to warn and protect third parties - Tarasoff v Regents of University of California ruled that a psychotherapist has duty to warn a patient's potential victim of potential harm Child and elder abuse reporting statutes (APS = 60 & above in HI &/or any type of disability)

- personality continues to Develop through old age - developmental model is important part of nursing assessment - helps determine what types of interventions are most likely to be effective

Erikson's Ego theory

trust vs mistrust autonomy vs shame doubt initiative vs guilt industry vs inferiority identity vs role confusion intimacy vs isolation generatively vs self absorption integrity vs despair

Erikson's ego theory

- Informed consent - Confidentiality and exceptions to confidentiality - Rules about leaving, socializing outside the group, etc. - Member removal considerations - Appropriate training or credentialing

Ethical Issues for Group Therapy

Conflict between two or more courses of action, each with favorable and unfavorable consequences

Ethical dilemma

The study of philosophical beliefs about what is considered right or wrong in a society

Ethics

Common heritage and history Share worldview for thinking

Ethnic groups

Universal tendency to believe their way of thinking & behaving is the correct and natural way

Ethnocentrism

what is it when an individual's belief that their culture is superior?

Ethnocentrism

Why do you need to know Psychiatric Nursing skills if you're not going to be a psychiatric nurse?

Every nurse in every kind of clinical setting will encounter patients with mental health challenges, i.e. anxiety, grief, addiction, etc.

Members explore aspects of life (loneliness, mortality, etc) that are common to others -can receive support from group members

Existential resolution

Individual's lifetime adjustment patterns Personality traits

Experiences during the early stages of life determine

Direct confrontation to solve problems -feature of what culture?

Figuratively, this term refers to a personal confrontation for which one must gather courage. in the teeth of In direct opposition to; straight against, without a buffer; confronting, face to face; in defiance or in spite of.

Which of these mental health problems has the highest annual prevalence in the United States? Schizophrenia Alzheimer's disease Major depressive disorder Generalized anxiety disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder

Sullivan's interpersonal theory: Big ticket items addressed: - Foundation for _____ theory - Participant observer - Mutuality - Respect for the patient - Unconditional acceptance - Empathy

Hildegard Peplau's

➢Effective 10/2014 ➢68,000 codes ➢Mental & Behavioral disorders divided into 11 disease classifications ➢DSM-5 was designed to closely correspond with ICD-10

ICD-10

- 13,000 Codes - 2 broad classifications - Subclassifications

ICD-9-CM

Pleasure principle Reflex action Primary process

ID

what are the 3 personality structure

Id, ego, superego

number of new cases of mental health disorders in a given period of time

Incidence

Places significance on place of humans in natural world Basis of identity is the tribe or community Person is an entity in relation to others Disease - Lack of harmony between individual and environment

Indigenous culture

➢Have nothing to do with helping the group but instead relate to specific personalities, personal agendas, and desires for having personal needs met

Individual roles

Clinical descriptions of mental and behavior disorders

International Classification of Diseases (ICD)

without patient's consent

Involuntary admission

➢Allows the group members to behave in any way they choose and does not attempt to control the direction

Laissez-faire leader

Medical certification Judicial review

Long-term involuntary admission

what is fidelity (nonmaleficence)

Maintaining loyalty and commitment; doing no wrong to a patient

➢Keep the group together; help others feel included and create a sense of group cohesions

Maintenance roles

➢Remind entire group to provide equal chances to contribute ➢Speak directly to member privately when necessary

Monopolizing member

The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association - International

NANDA-I

1979 formed by consumers to resist paternalistic treatment of patients

National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)

Guidelines for ensuring adherence to standards of care (x2)

Negligence, irresponsibility, or impairment Duty to intervene and duty to report*

NANDA-I: _____________, i.e. risk for suicide, or harm of other _______________, i.e. social isolation r/t feelings of shyness and poorly developed social skills as evidenced by....

Prioritize nursing diagnoses Looking at etiology and assessment findings or evidence

intervening actions that caused harm?

Proximate cause

- Free association - Dream analysis - Transference - Countertransference - Course of Tx often longer (can be > 20 sessions)

Psychoanalysis tools:

what is autonomy

Respecting the rights of others to make their own decisions

what are the patient's rights under the law

Right to treatment Right to refuse treatment Right to informed consent Rights surrounding involuntary commitment and psychiatric advance directives Rights regarding restraint and seclusion Right to confidentiality*

➢Determine cause; require response to ease group discomfort; provide extra time for member to think about a response and come back to them

Silent member

"a process of change through which individuals improve their health and wellness, live a self-directed life, and strive to reach their full potential

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)

Moral component

Superego

➢Keep the group focused on its main purpose

Task roles

what is beneficence

The duty to promote good

Size Defined purpose Degree of similarity among members Rules Boundaries Content (what is said in the group) Process (underlying dynamics among group members)

characteristics that influence a group

unintentional tort

Unintended acts against another that produce injury or harm - Negligence - Malpractice

built on parity act. Refined definition to cover loopholes.

Wellstone-Domenici Parity Act 2008

Identity found in individuality Values - Autonomy - Independence - Self-reliance Mind and body separate entities Disease has a cause, and treatment is aimed at the cause Time is linear Success is obtained in preparing for the future

Western tradition

what is an intentional tort?

Willful or intentional acts that violate another person's rights or property

Do Use "People First Language" such as; ____________

a person with schizophrenia, a person with alcoholism, a person with diabetes, etc.

If a translator is needed, who will you look for?

a professional translator first

what are the five principles of bioethics

beneficence, autonomy, justice, fidelity (nonmalefience), veracity

can you be advicy as a nurse

cannot ever be judgy, it is different then patient education

Examine beliefs, values, and practices of own culture Recognize that during a cultural encounter, three cultures are intersecting - culture of the patient, nurse and setting

cultural awareness

what are the five constructs of cultural competence for psychiatric mental health nurses

cultural awareness cultural knowledge cultural encounters cultural skill cultural desire to understand

Deter nurses from stereotyping Help nurses gain confidence in cross-cultural interactions Help nurses avoid or reduce cultural pain

cultural encounters

Groups with shared beliefs, values, and practices Influences their thinking and behavior

culture

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Confidentiality after death Confidentiality of professional communications Confidentiality and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status

different kinds of patient confidentiality

what are the five elements to prove negligence

duty, breach of duty, cause in fact, proximate cause, damages

Study distribution of mental disorders - Identify high-risk groups - Identify high-risk factors

epidemiology of mental disorders

Learn by attending cultural events and programs Forge friendships with diverse cultural groups Learn by studying Learning cultural differences helps nurse - Establish rapport - Ask culturally relevant questions - Identify cultural variables to be considered

how to increase cultural knowledge

Admission procedures: ______: sought by patient ______: sought by patient or guardian ______: - Person confused or demented - So ill he or she needs emergency admission Involuntary outpatient admission

informal admission voluntary admission temporary admission

what are group leadership responsibilities

initiating, maintaining, terminating

Sullivan's interpersonal theory: Purpose of all behavior is to get needs met through interpersonal interactions and to reduce or avoid anxiety - Security operations - Similar to Freud's defense mechanisms BUT addresses _____ relationship activities vs. intrapsychic non-observable activities.

interpersonal

what is the difference between a interpreter vs a translator

interpreter: voice translation translator: written translation

what is the culture bound syndrome- i.e. running amok

is a collection of signs and symptoms that is restricted to a limited number of cultures by reason of certain psychosocial features. Culture-bound syndromes are usually restricted to a specific setting, and they have a special relationship to that setting.

why can you not say "everything will be alright"

it is over promising, do not actually know if it will be alright

when is a time to use closed ended questions

manic episodes, panic attacks needs short, safe stable questions

High level functioning in response to routine stress, anxiety or distress Functioning optimally Occasional stress to mild distress No Impairment

mental health and well being (health)

Unable to function in everyday life Marked Distress Moderate to disabling or chronic impairment

mental health problems- mental illness

➢ Disorders with definable diagnosis ➢ Causing significant dysfunction in mental functioning related to - Developmental - Biological - Physiological disturbances ➢ Impairment in cognition, emotions or behavior ➢ Culturally defined

mental illness according to the American Psychiatric Association (APA)

Time-limited problems or concerns i.e. poor exam score, financial worries, grief Temporarily not functioning optimally Mild to moderate distress Mild or temporary impairment

middle ground - emotional problems or concerns

what is the nature plus nurture/ diathesis- stress model?

nature and diathesis is the biological predisposition and nurture and stress is the environmental stress trauma

(NANDA-I) describes a _____ as a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems and life processes.

nursing diagnosis

what is an open vs closed group?

open: New members are added as others leave closed: Restricted membership

what is resilience characterized as

optimism, sense of mastery, competence

Deviance from cultural expectations can be defined as illness by _____

other members of the group

communication stigma of mental illness location financial misdiagnosis (culture bound syndromes) genetic variations in pharmacodynamics

possible barriers to quality mental health services

- No standard measure for mental health because it is culturally defined and based on societal norms - Culturally acceptable behavior = mental health - Culturally unacceptable behavior = mental illness - Violating social norms threatens those who observe them

the role of culture

what is these examples of? - Japanese - suicide = an act of honor - Middle Eastern - suicide bombers = holy warriors/ martyrs - Western Culture - suicide = mental illness - Running Amok -SE Asia -often male -running around in furious almost indiscriminant violent behavior.

the role of culture

Medication education and health education are types of psychoeducational groups. insight-oriented groups. support groups. psychodrama.

psychoeducational groups.

even the most seriously ill can recover i.e. movie "A Beautiful Mind"

recovery

Mental Health Parity Act 1996

required that insurers provide mental health coverage equivalent to physical health coverage. Unfortunately insurers found a way around it.

- Ability and capacity to secure resources needed to support well-being - Ability to adapt, bounce back and cope with stressors - Ability to learn from the experience instead of falling victim to negative emotions - Ability to regulate your emotions and not fall victim to negative, self-defeating thoughts - Ability to identify problems and challenges, "accept the things you cannot change, change the things you can and the wisdom to know the difference" (Serenity Prayer, Reinhold Niebuhr (1892-1971). - Essential to recovery

resilience

Don't use terms that classify people such as; __________

schizophrenic, alcoholic, diabetic, etc.

- consumer/ recovery movement - national alliance on mental illness (NAMI) - recovery - substance abuse and mental health services administration (SAMHSA) - 10 guiding principles of recovery

social influences on mental health care

what would mental health and wellbeing look like on the MH- MI continuum diagram?

someone that is high level functioning in response to routine stress, anxiety or distress, functioning optimally, occasional stress to mild distress, no impairment

A mutually agreeable therapeutic plan - Culturally acceptable - Capable of producing positive outcomes

the goal of cultural skill

what is universality

the quality of involving or being shared by all people or things in the world or in a particular group. the quality of being true in or appropriate for all situations.

what is the mental illness continuum

the range of mental health (health), middle ground, mental health problems (illness)

- The DSM-5 (APA, 2013) collapses first 3 axes into a single axis, environmental stressors are addressed by codes, GAF is also listed - Organized in a developmental hierarchy & similar disorders placed near each other - Official medical guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association for diagnosing psychiatric disorders

the transition

what is resilience

to have a stimuli and having to adapt to it to move forward (more definitions above)

what is prevalence

total number of cases, new and existing

According to the US Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) it is the ability to: - Think rationally - Communicate appropriately - Learn - Grow emotionally - Be resilient - Have a healthy self-esteem

traits of mental health

what is people first language?

using phrases like "a person with schizophrenia" instead of "schizophrenic"

Previous version DSM-IV-TR had 5-axis system, what are does each axis mean? - Axis I - Axis II - Axis III - Axis IV - Axis V

➢Axis I - psychiatric diagnosis ➢Axis II - personality disorders, mental retardation (now Intellectual Disability) ➢Axis III - general medical conditions ➢Axis IV - environmental stressors ➢Axis V - Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Score 0 - 100

what is a subgroup

➢Isolated within the larger group for specific needs

what are homogenous groups

➢Members share central traits

what is an open group

➢New members are added as others leave

what is a heterogenous group

➢Range of differences exists among members

what is a closed group

➢Restricted membership