exam #1 com

The Johari Window displays __________ parts of the self.

4

Your brother avoids eye contact when you ask him about his plans for the weekend. You're not sure how to interpret his behavior due to which characteristic of nonverbal communication?

Ambiguity

________________ are the objects and visual features in an environment that reflect who we are.

Artifacts

Studies of social isolation and solitary confinement discussed in the textbook demonstrate the importance of which activity?

Communication

According to the text, which activities do scholars recommend to combat loneliness?

Creating positive self-talk and volunteering

_______________ is the language, values, beliefs, traditions, and customs people share and learn.

Culture

______________________________ refers to the meaning of the word that can be found in the dictionary.

Denotation

_____________ are unique forms of a general language spoken by a specific culture or co-culture.

Dialects

___________ people tend to try to treat others how they wish to be treated.

Empathetic

____________________ is sometimes called emotive language.

Evaluative language

_________________________ use facial muscles to communicate emotional states or reactions to messages.

Facial expressions

*Appropriateness describes how well your communication achieves its goals.

False

*Most relationships are either highly interpersonal or entirely impersonal.

False

*Nonverbal communication consists of all the messages we send using spoken and/or written words.

False

*Scholars endorse multimodality, the ability and willingness to use multiple channels of communication, to increase chances of a message being heard.

False

*The mere presence of social media can have a negative effect on closeness, connection, and conversation quality during face-to-face discussions of personal topics.

False

According to the text, men say "I'm sorry" more often than women.

False

American Sign Language is only based on nonverbal communication.

False

Effective communication is a natural ability.

False

If you remain silent, you are not communicating.

False

Language communities are established by people that speak different languages within a community.

False

Masspersonal posts are well suited as a primary means of communicating with the people close to you about important topics.

False

More communication is always better.

False

People adopt the same impression management strategies across situations.

False

People in nurturing cultures place a high regard on material success.

False

Perception checking provides enough information to fully understand another person.

False

Self-disclosure should occur early in the relationship and is usually limited to a one-time event.

False

Social media users follow others on social media but do not participate.

False

Synchronous communication occurs when there is a lag between receiving and responding messages.

False

Texting and social media are standard channels for professional etiquette.

False

__________ is the tendency to give more weight to personal qualities than to the situation when making attributions.

Fundamental attribution error

To be accountable of your speech, you should use _________________.

I Language

___________________________ communication is the interaction that occurs between members of two or more cultures/co-cultures.

Intercultural

__________________________ is communication that occurs between two or more people within the context of their relationship; __________________________ is interaction distinguished by the qualities of uniqueness, interdependence, self-disclosure, and intrinsic rewards.

Interpersonal Communication

Partners in a satisfying relationship are likely to view each other more benevolently than accurately. This tends to occur at which stage of the perception process?

Interpretation

Kimbrele Crenshaw developed the concept ______________ to describe the interplay of social categories such as gender, race, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, and disability status.

Intersectionality

________________________ is a systematic rule-governed set of symbols that have meaning for a particular group.

Language

What is the communication model that represents a one way event?

Linear

Prejudice is directed toward members of which group?

Out-group

The cognitive understanding that requires a suspension of judgment as you take on another's viewpoint is which ingredient of empathy?

Perception taking

At a restaurant where a crowd is enjoying happy hour, you focus on your friend, filtering out all the other noise. This occurs in which stage of the perception process?

Selection

_____________________________ is information about the self that is purposefully communicated to another person.

Self-disclosure

______________________________ is a part of the self-concept that pertains to the evaluation of self-worth.

Self-esteem

When you make a mistake at work, it's because of unclear instructions. When you excel at work, it's because of your skill and talent. This is the result of which perceptual tendency?

Self-serving bias

After seeing the latest fashion trends on Instagram models, you immediately decide that you need to lose 15 pounds by summer. These feelings are likely a result of which phenomenon?

Social comparison

_________________ starts when people are categorized based on easily recognizable but not necessarily significant traits.

Stereotyping

You lock up your desk when you leave the apartment you share with roommates. What type of nonverbal communication are you displaying?

Territoriality

Which is the best definition of communication?

Using messages to generate meanings

Studying __________________ can provide a new look at a familiar topic and lead to increased communication effectiveness.

communication

Because it is often challenging to determine the sender and the receiver, our text uses the word ____________ for these roles.

communicator

Communication _______________ is reflected in the learned ability to effectively and appropriately achieve goals. It is important to remember that there is not one single and ideal way to communicate, as competence is situational.

competence

Some cultures have low power distances that value people as equals, while some cultures have high power distances that emphasize the importance of obeying authority and those who have more power than others.

True

Some cultures value the individual and focus on what they do, while others place greater emphasis on the welfare of the group and the relationships of group members.

True

Texting and email are not considered social media because they don't involve networking and content sharing.

True

The Internet offers an opportunity for people to present themselves in a variety of ways.

True

The halo effect is the tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic.

True

The most intimate relationships are those in which disclosure is great in both breadth and depth.

True

The phrase "hey y'all" pertains to southern dialect.

True

The theory of linguistic relativity claims that a language both reflects and shapes the worldview of those who use it.

True

Touch is the first sense to develop in the womb and is an essential channel for nonverbal communication.

True

Verbal communication is the act of sending and receiving messages via language that may be spoken, written, or signed.

True

Virtual communities can provide social support.

True

"When you abruptly hung up on me, I was furious. What were you feeling?" Which component is needed to complete this perception check?

Two possible interpretations of the behavior

Your blind date arrived at the restaurant a half hour late, and you were not impressed by the conversation that followed. Your early appraisal colored your subsequent perceptions of her due to the __________ effect.

horns

Your self-concept is your ___________________________.

identity

Bubble hands is a term used to instruct a child to wash his or her hands. This is an example of a(n)...

idiolect

Anthropologist Ray Birdwhistell labeled the study of the body in motion as

kinesics

When attempting to communicate in an unfamiliar language, the __________ is especially high.

level of uncertainty

People in _____________________ cultures are encouraged to speak openly and directly.

low-context

According to the text, ___________ use more large words, nouns, and swear words.

men

When people engage in communication about their communication, they are engaging in a process called

metacommunication.

Dr. Chester Middlebrook Pierce created the concept ____________ based on his experiences.

microagression

Lisa is a professional who prefers to do things one at a time. Anthropologist Edward T. Hall would argue that Lisa is what type of time user?

monochronic

Researchers who examine the meaning of blinking are involved most specifically in the study of __________.

oculesics

You are your _____________________________ in moments of honest reflection.

perceived self

We communicate for ...

physical needs identity needs social needs practical needs

___________________, ____________________, and _________________ are aspects of paralanguage.

pitch rate volume

The ______________ ____________ is the tendency to pay more attention to and recall things that happen first.

primacy effect

Self-fulfilling prophecies ...

reinforce self-concepts. are expectations placed on ourselves and others.

Culture influences ...

selection organization interpretation negotiation

The _________________ suggests that over time as your relationship strengthens, you peel away the outer layers and move toward the personal layers to learn more private information, such as characteristics, values, and beliefs of another person.

social penetration

Primary principles of communication illustrate that communication is __________________, meaning it involves mutual influence of communicators, interdependent behaviors, and is uniquely created.

transactional

According to the text, __________________ use more personal pronouns, verbs, and hedge phrases.

women

*"Because I find being healthy important to the happiness and well-being of my family, I often find myself mentally reflecting on how to provide better opportunities for exercise and more nutritious meals." In this scenario, which concept is best being played out?

wrong answer: Self-awareness

*When Scott got home from work, he told his wife, "The dog needs to be walked." This demonstrates which language/conversation style?

wrong answer: direct

Masspersonal communication characterizes interaction that crosses boundaries between mass and interpersonal contexts.

True

Masspersonal messages have the potential to reach audiences far greater than you might imagine due to lurkers and immediate followers reposting your messages.

True

Mediated communication can also strengthen existing relationships by supplementing face-to-face interaction.

True

Mediated communication may create social distance or bring people together.

True

Mediated communication provides a meaningful way to connect with likeminded people. Discussion boards, blogs, and online forums, for example, may create a sense of virtual community among strangers.

True

Nonverbal communication is always occurring.

True

Nonverbal communication is mostly relational.

True

Nonverbal communication shapes perceptions.

True

Older people, especially older women, are underrepresented in media images.

True

Organizations have cultures that can be just as distinctive as those of larger societies.

True

Over reliance on brief mediated messages can lead to superficial connections.

True

Perception checking signals an attitude of respect and concern for the other person.

True

Physical environment can shape the kind of interaction that takes place in it, as well as the quality of the relationships of those communicating within the physical space.

True

Race is a social construct.

True

Racist language classifies members of one group as superior and others as inferior.

True

Research shows that interpersonal communication skills, both oral and written, are highly rated among business leaders and important in nearly every career.

True

Roommates who had positive initial impressions of each other are likely to have positive subsequent interactions due to confirmation bias.

True

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is the best-known declaration of linguistic relativity.

True

Self-concepts are subjective.

True

Significant others are people we use to evaluate our own characteristics.

True

Since interpersonal communication can be draining, it's best to schedule alone time.

True

Snap judgments are often based on stereotypes, exaggerated beliefs associated with a categorizing system.

True

Social identity is based on membership in groups.

True

*When we perform poorly, we usually blame external forces—and when we perform well, we credit ourselves rather than the situation. This is the fundamental attribution error.

True

According to the text, adaptability is so important that competence researchers call it "the hallmark of interpersonal communication skills."

True

According to the text, even good times in a close relationship can leave you tired.

True

According to the text, liars often sustain more eye contact and fidget less.

True

According to the text, most people focus on positive features and omit or downplay negative details from their online profiles.

True

According to the text, swearing can build solidarity and be a term of endearment.

True

According to the text, women are more nonverbally expressive than men, and they are more accurate in interpreting others' nonverbal behavior.

True

Along with clarifying meaning, perception checking can sometimes be a face-saving way to raise an issue without directly threatening or attacking the other person.

True

Asking a black colleague how she got her job is an example of a microaggression.

True

Because the use of communication technology can annoy others in public spaces, it's important to consider bystanders.

True

Both mediated interpersonal communication and masspersonal communication are about you. In other words, they both involve personal content.

True

Code-switching is a form of communication competence that involves adapting your manner of speaking to the context.

True

Communication also can be both intentional and unintentional, is irreversible and unrepeatable, and contains both a content and relational dimension.

True

Culture has a large impact on how we nonverbally communicate with our bodies.

True

Despite weekly lunches, you feel that you and a close friend are drifting apart. So, in addition to texting and posting on her Facebook wall, you decide to phone and email her occasionally. This behavior is consistent with media multipexity.

True

Different perspectives (where you sit) often inform different positions (where you stand).

True

During negotiation, communicators influence each other's perceptions.

True

Excessive media use and loneliness often go hand in hand.

True

FaceTime call occurs in real time, making it synchronous communication.

True

Harold Wallace III encourages individuals to L.I.E. so they can gain a better understanding of cultural differences.

True

In order to competently use social media, communicators should be careful and considerate of the messages they post.

True

In order to self-disclose effectively, it is important to consider whether the person is someone you wish to grow closer with, whether the benefits of disclosing outweigh the risks, whether it is appropriate information to share, whether the other person will self-disclose to you, and whether the disclosure will be helpful.

True

Interacting successfully with people from different cultures requires competence.

True

Juan wants to create the persona of being a successful business professional by purchasing a luxury car, expensive watch, and high-end designer suit. He is using impression management to create an impression on those with whom he interacts.

True

A group of students who attend the same high school and all belong to the school's computer club would be an example of what?

a co-culture

A prediction that you or someone else makes that directly or indirectly causes the prediction to come true is called

a self-fulfilling prophecy.

A word is

a symbol.

When you are attracted to someone because you have a similar background, __________________ attraction is established.

background

To use language effectively, ...

be appropriate be clear be authentic

The quadrant of the Johari Window that represents information known to others but not you is called the ________ pane.

blind

Janelle considers herself a survivor of domestic abuse rather than a victim, a term she prefers for its __________ meaning.

connotative

You wore a Native American headdress to a concert; however, you are not Native American . This is arguably an act of __________.

cultural appropriation