Exam #1 Questions
Increased levels of calcium in the blood of a pregnant woman would stimulate the secretion of: - growth hormone - parathyroid hormone - thyroid hormone - calcitriol -calcitonin
calcitonin
Michael has darker skin than Melanie. What is likely the explanation for this difference? - Melanie spends more time in the sun than Michael. - Michael's melanocytes are distributed from the stratum basale to the granulosum - Michael's melanocytes have projections that reach the stratum granulosum. - Michael's melanocytes produce less melanin - Michael has more melanocytes than Melanie.
Michael's melanocytes have projections that reach the stratum granulosum.
Julia explains to her friend that the integument is composed of skin and its derivatives, like hair, nail and glands. That the skin is formed by the epidermis and the dermis. She describes the epidermis as having four layers in thin skin and the dermis as having a papillary and reticular region. She asserts that the dermis is located below the subcutaneous layer. What makes Julia's statement incorrect? - she inaccurately describes the epidermis -she inaccurately describes the location of the dermis. - she inaccurately describes the integument. - she inaccurately describes the formation of the skin - she inaccurately describes the regions of the dermis
She inaccurately describes the location of the dermis.
During the intramembranous ossification process, the development of the trabeculae will cause the formation of the: -cancelous bone - medullary cavity -secondary ossification center - primary ossification center - compact bone
cancelous bone
Which term below is defined by the fact that cells present in the epithelium are going to be tightly packed together with little or no space between them? - polarity - cellularity - circularity - multipolarity - avascularity
cellularity
Which type of epithelium would function to help the egg reach the uterus? - nonciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium - simple squamous epithelium - stratified squamous epithelium - transitional epithelium - ciliated simple columnar epithelium
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
Which describes a central canal of a bone? - runs perpendicular to the osteons - contains red bone marrow - contains yellow bone marrow - contains blood vessels - contains the spinal cord
contains blood vessels
Through the process of cell differentiation: - each cell develops a characteristic set of structural features - each cell becomes able to change its function throughout its life cycle - cells die of natural causes - each cell becomes capable of performing all vital functions - cells in nearby locations become unable to work together
each cell develops a characteristic set of structural features
Which step of the endochondral ossification occurs right after the development of the secondary ossification center? - development of a cartilage model - development of medullary cavity - growth of cartilage model - development of tertiary ossification center - formation of articular cartilage
formation of articular cartilage
Which cranial bones form the orbit? - frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid -frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid - maxilla, frontal, palatine, zygomatic, lacrimal -zygomatic, lacrimal, maxilla, palatine -lacrimal, nasal, sphenoid and ethmoid
frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid
Why are hemidesmosomes important tight junctions? - hold adjacent cells together through web-like protein strands - hold adjacent cells together by attaching to cytoskeletal microfilaments - hold adjacent cells together by attaching to membrane proteins - holds the basal part of the epithelial cells attached to the basal lamina - allows the passage of important molecules from one cell to another
holds the basal part of the epithelial cells attached to the basal lamina
During long bone development, where is the epiphyseal plate located? - in the medullary cavity - in the diaphysis - in the epiphysis - in the metaphysis - in the shaft
in the metaphysis
If a patient comes to you with a sore throat and you are the nurse on call, which diagnostic technique would be best to observe the presence of bacterial plaques on her tonsils? - auscultation - palpation - palpitation - inspection - percussion
inspection
Which bone cell stimulates bone resorption? - osteoblasts - chondrocytes - osteoclasts - osteoprogenitor cells - osteocytes
osteoclasts
The ankle is said to be distal to the _________ but proximal to the ________. - femur; patella - metacarpals; femur - tibia; metatarsals - patella; metatarsals - hallux; femur
patella; metatarsals
Which bone feature is considered midsagittal? - perpendicular plate -foramen ovale - external acoustic canal - vomer - occipital condyle
perpendicular plate
Which type of connective tissue fiber is found in blood vessels and form branching networks around smooth muscles? - reticular fibers - elastic fibers - fibroblasts - collagen fibers - fibrillin
reticular fibers
What would you expect to see when looking at a histological tissue preparation that contains a simple cuboidal epithelium? - round cells organized in one cell layer - square cells organized in two cell layers - rectangular cells organized into two cell layers - round cells organized in two cell layers - square cells organized in one cell layer
square cells organized in one cell layer
In which layer(s) of the skin of the forearm would you find keratinocytes? Place in order from most superficial to the most deep. - stratum spinosum & stratum basale - stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale - stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale - stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
If you were to do a coronal section in a cadaver, which two organs or body parts listed below would you possible be separating? - liver and the stomach - right and left ears - nipples and buttocks - vomer and ethmoid bones - lumbar and dorsum
nipples and buttocks
Which cell type is found in the epidermis? - eosinophils - mast cells - neutrophils - Merkel cells - fibroblasts
Merkel cells
Which statement is correct about connective tissue? - fibroblasts are arranged tightly packed together - tissue has no blood vessels - tissue gets its nutrients through diffusion of the above layer - abundant extracellular material between cells - cells are organized into layers
abundant extracellular material between cells
Which of the following is false when discussing the vertebrae? - cervical vertebrae contain transverse foramina - all thoracic vertebrae have costal facets - the intervertebral disc between the atlas and axis does not exist - lumbar vertebrae can hold the most weight - all vertebrae have a superior costal facet
all vertebrae have a superior costal facet
Which structure of the osteon will allow communication of one osteocyte with another? - lacunae - endosteum - canaliculi - periosteum - concentric lamellae
canaliculi
The part of the vertebra that transfers weight along the long axis of the vertebral column is the: - articular facets - spinous process - costal facets - centrum - transverse process
centrum
Which of the following bones can be considered either an irregular or a flat bone? - sphenoid - scapula - temporal - vertebra - coxal
coxal bone
The ______ cells secrete _____ that forms the reticular lamina of the basement membrane. - fibroblasts; elastin -epithelial cells; collagen -epithelial; elastin -fibroblasts; collagen -fibroblasts; ground substance
fibroblasts; collagen
Which of the following bone marking are used for the passage of blood vessels? - foramen, fissure, canal - tuberosity; trochanter; fissure - foramen; condyle; facet - fossa; canal; foramen - spinous process; fissure; canal
foramen, fissure, canal
Which layer below belongs to the integumentary system, but is not part of the skin? - basal lamina -hypodermis -basement membrane -dermis -epidermis
hypodermis
Which life process is used to describe the process of moving your hand away from a hot stove? -movement -catabolism -adaptability -differentiation -irritability
irritability
In which bone is the mandibular condyle located? - zygomatic -maxilla -temporal -occipital -mandible
mandible
Which cell type present in the connective tissue will be involved in the secretion of histamine during an allergic reaction? - mast cells - macrophages - fibroblasts - neutrophils - esinophils
mast cells
Which bone supports some of the weight of the brain? - occipital - temporal - parietal - lacrimal - frontal
occipital
Which organ is shared by the endocrine and digestive systems? - pancreas - ovaries - testes - pharynx - thymus
pancreas
The function of an osteoprogenitor cell in osseous tissue is to: - produce new osteoclasts - produce new osteoblasts - produce new perichondrium for endochondral bone to displace - produce new bone matrix - break down old bone matrix and release calcium salts
produce new osteoblasts
Which bone feature(s) does the head of the rib articulate with? - superior articular facet and superior coastal facet - inferior coastal facet and inferior articular facet - superior and inferior articular facets - transverse costal facet and superior costal facet - superior and inferior costal facets
superior and inferior costal facets
The vertebral column and spinal cord are part of which body cavity? - cranial cavity - thoracic cavity - mediastinum - pleural cavity - vertebral canal
vertebral canal
Choose the correct match for the type of rib and the number of ribs in that category: - vertebrochondral; 2 - vertebrosternal; 3 - vertebrochondral; 3 - vertebral; 7 - vertebrosternal; 8
vertebrochondral; 3
How do merocrine glands secrete their products? - by rupturing the cell membrane - through endocytosis - through exocytosis - by pinching off the apical part of the cell - through macrophages that engulf the secretory products
through exocytosis
The parietal and temporal bones are separated by this suture: - squamous suture - lambdoidal suture - sagittal suture - frontal suture - coronal suture
squamous suture
Which statement does NOT accurately describe the anatomical position? A. palms are pressed against thighs B. feet positioned straight and facing forward C. Head level with eyes looking forward D. Arms at either side of body E. Subject standing upright with parallel feet
A. Palms pressed against thighs
When analyzing a histology section of the skin, you notice the presence of hair. This means that you will see: - Meissner's corpuscles located in the stratum basale - melanocytes present from the stratum basale to the stratum granulosum - five different cell layers - two different cell layers where the keratinocytes are dead - keratinocytes with 4 different characteristics
keratinocytes with 4 different characteristics
