Exam 2
In the BCG matrix, a ________ has a low anticipated growth rate and a low market share. A. Dog B. Star C. Cash cow D. Question mark
A. Dog
When conducting a SWOT analysis, threats are activities the organization doesn't do well or resources it needs but doesn't possess.
F
____ involves the theft of proprietary materials or trade secrets by any means A. Corporate espionage B. Data mining C. Business intelligence D. Data aggregation
A. Corporate espionage
Every fast food hamburger restaurant chain wants you to believe their product is the best because it is stored or prepared uniquely. Each of these is pursuing a ___________. A. Differentiation strategy B. Low cost leadership strategy C. Focus strategy D. Quality strategy
A. Differentiation strategy
Which of the following is an example of a standing plan? A. A fire escape policy establishing practices to be followed in an emergency B. A plan to cope with radical changes in the political environment C. A retail chain's plan to counter the entry of a new competitor D. A plan developed to address a sudden, unanticipated surge in demand
A. A fire escape policy establishing practices to be followed in an emergency
Which of the following is an example of a single- use plan? A. A plan developed to install a new computer network B. Affirmative action hiring policies of a company C. The procedure to be followed for firing low-performing employees D. A plan developed to ensure worker safety at the company's facilities
A. A plan developed to install a new computer network
New Ideas, Inc., focuses on new ideas, uses technology that changes frequently, and has strong competition in the market. This situation describes what metaphor of change? A. A white-water rapids metaphor B. A shallow water metaphor C. A rapid water metaphor D. A falling water rapid metaphor
A. A white-water rapids metaphor
Which of the following statements is true to the findings of studies on race and ethnicity in the workplace? A. African Americans generally do worse than Whites in decisions related to the workplace B. Individuals in workplaces tend to favor colleagues of a race other than their own in performance evaluations, promotion decisions, and pay raises C. Whites and African-Americans display statistically significant and consistent differences in absenteeism rates, applied social skills at work, and accident rates D. Whites favor affirmative action programs and policies to a far greater degree than do African Americans
A. African Americans generally do worse than Whites in decisions related to the workplace
In ________ the organization becomes its own supplier so it can control its inputs. A. Backward vertical integration B. Forward vertical integration C. Horizontal integration D. Concreted integration
A. Backward vertical integration
___________ is a term that describes a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective or ideology. A. Bias B. Reasoning C. Impartiality D. Prejudice
A. Bias
Bixler Corporation boasts that it has the fewest warranty claims in its industry. We can infer from this that ____________. A. Bixler's quality is a competitive advantage B. Bixler is using social media to promote its product C. Bixler has an ineffective TQM program D. Bixler has employed design thinking in the development of its product
A. Bixler's quality is competitive advantage
When used to connect with customers or connect employees with co-workers in other locations, social media ___________. A. Can create a competitive advantage B. Provide information for competitors that give them a competitive advantage C. Create distractions that can keep employees from being productive D. Provide a means for customers to order products online
A. Can create a competitive advantage
In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the change process are called _______________. A. Change agents B. Change masters C. Change champions D. Change generators
A. Change agents
A _________ firm uses both online and traditional stand-online locations. A. Clicks-and-bricks B. First mover C. Focuser D. Brick-and-mortar
A. Clicks-and-bricks
Design thinking can provide a process for ___________. A. Coming up with things that don't exist B. Experimenting with customers C. Connecting idea champions in the design department with marketing experts D. Brainstorming
A. Coming up with things that don't exist
An organization that grows using _________ focuses on its primary line of business and increases the number of products offered or markets served in this primary business. A. Concentration B. Vertical integration C. Diversification D. Horizontal integration
A. Concentration
Organizations grow by using strategies of __________. A. Concentration, integration, or diversification B. Integration, diversification, or functionalization C. Integration, diversification, or differentiation D. Concentration, integration, or stabilization
A. Concentration, integration, or diversification
Trends observed in the shifting world population indicate that people aged 65 or more will soon outnumber those aged 5 or less. Also, the world's population aged over 80 is expected to more than double by the year 2040. Which of the following is a likely implication of such trends? A. Dwindling labor supply B. Decreasing preference for white-collar occupations C. Decreasing demands on social entitlement programs D. Increasing global savings rate
A. Dwindling labor supply
The _______ Act makes it a crime in the United States to engage in theft of a trade secret. A. Economic Espionage B. Patriot C. Sarbanes-Oxley D. Industrial Espionage
A. Economic Espionage
The final step in the strategic management process allows an organization to understand the __________. A. Effectiveness of the strategies used B. Formulation of the strategies C. Resources and capabilities it possesses D. Implementation of the strategies
A. Effectiveness of the strategies used
______________ refers to the social traits that are shared by a human population. A. Ethnicity B. Nationality C. Race D. Ancestry
A. Ethnicity
Which of the following is true of the impact of formal planning on organizational performance? A. Formal planning is associated with positive financial results B. Companies can start seeing the impact of formal planning on performance about a year after starting the planning process C. The amount of planning done is more important to high performance than the quality of planning and implementation D. Organizations that formally plan invariably outperform those that don't plan
A. Formal planning is associated with positive financial results
_________ is the process of taking a creative idea and turning it into a useful product or work method. A. Innovation B. Inspiration C. Ingenuity D. Creativity
A. Innovation
During which era was the term "workforce diversity" first used? A. Late 1980s B. 1960s to 1970s C. New millennium D. Early 1980s
A. Late 1980s
A change capable organization ____________. A. Links the present and the future B. Follows its competitor's footsteps C. Encourages group-think D. Seeks incremental changes
A. Links the present and the future
A cost leadership strategy requires a firm to __________. A. Maintain the lowest cost structure B. Aim at a cost advantage in a niche market C. Maintain the lowest prices to its customers D. Match its competition's prices
A. Maintain the lowest cost structure
A _______ is a broad statement of an organization's purpose that provides an overall guide to what organizational members think it's important. A. Mission B. Project C. Preamble D. Proposal
A. Mission
If my workplace goals included getting high scores on a performance evaluation, I would prefer that my supervisor be ___________. A. Of my own race B. Female C. The same gender as me D. Of an older generation than me
A. Of my own race
Short term plans are those covering_____ or less A. One year B. Five years C. Six months D. Three years
A. One year
___________ is the term used to describe change methods that focus on people and the nature and quality of interpersonal work relationships. A. Organizational development B. Comprehensive development C. Career development D. Commercial development
A. Organizational development
For ___________, the outcome must be unknown, and the outcome must be important. A. Potential stress to become actual stress B. Personal loss to become stress C. Uncertainty to become stress D. Habit to become successful
A. Potential stress to become actual stress
In the BCG matrix, a business unit that has a high anticipated growth rate but a low market share is known as a ________. A. Question mark B. Dog C. Star D. Cash cow
A. Question mark
Which of the following perceptions do employers typically have of older employees? A. Resistant to new technology B. Lack of sound judgment C. Weak work ethic D. Better attendance
A. Resistant of new technology
__________ creates expectations that may be hard to reconcile or satisfy. A. Role conflict B. Role demand C. Role overload D. Role ambiguity
A. Role conflict
Operational plans are usually_____ A. Short term, specific, and standing B. Long term, specific, and standing C. Long term, directional, and single use D. Short term, directional, and standing
A. Short term, specific, and standing
An organization's _______ goals are official statements of what an organization syas, and what it wants its stakeholders to believe its goals are. A. Stated B. Implicit C. Real D. Authentic
A. Stated
Which of the following statements is true regarding an organization's goals? A. Using a single goal such as profit may result in unethical behaviors by employees B. All organizations share the single goal of making profits C. A single goal is more efficient than multiple goals for defining an organization's success D. Long-term success is ensured if managers emphasize only one goal for an organization
A. Using a single goal such as profit may result in unethical behaviors by employees
The ways in which people in an organization are different and similar to one another is known as ____________. A. Workplace diversity B. Business etiquette C. Work culture D. Organizational Democracy
A. Workplace Diversity
AI Rubber is one of four suppliers of molded rubber products and has a 45% market share. The market for its products is shrinking. AI Rubber is part of a larger corporation that includes a total of seven different companies. In the BCG matrix, AI Rubber would be considered ____________. A. A dog B. A cash cow C. A star D. A question mark
B. A cash cow
Ang Li has found it rather hard to move up in her managerial career at her workplace especially when compared to how fellow graduate from Tri-Valley, American-born Adam Watson, has managed to become the regional manager of sales in the company. This suggests the presence of ___________ in Li's organization. A. Prejudice B. A glass ceiling C. A self-serving basis D. Goldbricking
B. A glass ceiling
Which of the following racial groups have been the focus of most race and ethnographic studies of workplace diversity in the United States? A. Hispanics and Whites B. African Americans and Whites C. Asians and African Americans D. Whites and Native Americans
B. African Americans and Whites
Which of the following reflects the way goals are used in an MBO program? A. Goals are used to prepare financial budgets for each unit B. Apart from being used to ensure that employees are doing what they are supposed to be doing, goals are used as a motivating tool for employees C. goals are used to broadly set the direction subject to encourage interpretation by individual managers D. Goals are used to compare organizational performance year over year
B. Apart from being used to ensure that employees are doing what they are supposed to be doing, goals are used as a motivating tool for employees
Kathleen likes cats. She believes people who own cats are independent and free spirits. She finds out Linda has a cat. Therefore, Linda is independent and free-spirited. In order, what is happening here? A. Prejudice, stereotyping, bias B. Bias, prejudice, stereotyping C. Bias, stereotyping, discrimination D. Stereotyping, bias, prejudice
B. Bias, prejudice, stereotyping
________ refers to gathering information about competitors that allows managers to anticipate competitors' actions rather than merely react to them A. Due diligence B. Competitor intelligence C. Value analysis D. Data aggregation
B. Competitor intelligence
The major value-creating capabilities of the organization are known as its _________. A. Resouces B. Core competencies C. Strengths D. Comeptitive advantages
B. Core competencies
Top-level managers are responsible for __________ strategies. A. Differentiation B. Corporate C. Functional D. Competitive
B. Corporate
Mr. Slabaugh wants to formulate a plan that lays out general guidelines for his employees and leaves room for interpretations. Which of the following types of plans would best suit his requirement? A. Specific B. Directional C. Standing D. Informal
B. Directional
What type of discrimination are older workers in an organization subjected to if they are laid off for being highly paid and having lucrative benefits? A. Exclusion B. Discriminatory practices C. Intimidation D. Incivility
B. Discriminatory practices
In terms of workplace diversity, the New Millenium has witnessed increased focus on ___________. A. Shifting from compliance to include everyone in diversification efforts B. Diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growth C. Complying with laws and regulations laid down by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission D. Assimilating minorities and women employees into the corporate setting
B. Diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growth
Falling interest rates are an example of what external force? A. Change in employee attitudes B. Economic change C. Change in composition of workforce D. Technological change
B. Economic change
Which of the following demographic characteristics reflects surface-level diversity? A. Personality B. Ethnicity C. Differences in values D. Work preferences
B. Ethnicity
The commitment concept says that plans should_______ A. Not commit to specifically meeting the goals made when the plans were developed B. Extend far enough to meet those commitments made when the plans were developed C. Be done for as long a time period as possible D. Be done for as short a time period as possible
B. Extend far enough to meet those commitments made when the plans were developed
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is an example of which of the following forces of change? A. Technological change B. External change C. Organizational strategy change D. Internal change
B. External change
When Joshua proposed cross-training his employees so absences and vacations would not pose such a problem in productivity, his employees objected. Their resistance came from their __________. A. Concern over personal loss of income B. Fear that they would be forces out of their habits C. Belief that ambiguity would increase D. Belief that Joshua's changes would harm the organization
B. Fear that they would be forces out of their habits
Ferrari sells very expensive, stylish, high-quality cars to very wealthy people. Ferrari follows a ________ strategy. A. Differentiation B. Focus C. Niche D. Quality
B. Focus
A ________ strategy is when an organization expands the number of markets served or the products offered. A. Retrenchment B. Growth C. Renewal D. Stability
B. Growth
Most idea champions ___________. A. Are relenting B. Have extremely high self-confidence C. Avoid risks D. Are lethargic
B. Have extremely high self-confidence
Which of the following human resource variables is supportive of organizational innovation? A. Minimal time pressure B. High interunit communication C. Less creative people D. Abundant resources
B. High interunit communication
______________ actively and enthusiastically support new ideas, build support, overcome resistance, and ensure that innovations are implemented. A. Idea screeners B. Idea champions C. Idea generators D. Idea developers
B. Idea champions
Which of the following is true regarding reduction of employee stress? A. Improved organizational communications maximizes ambiguity-induced stress B. In order to reduce stress, managers should make sure that the employee's abilities match the job requirements C. Job redesigns that increase opportunities for employees to participate in decisions and to gain social support increase stress D. A realistic job preview during the selection process maximizes stress by reducing ambiguity over job expectations
B. In order to reduce stress, managers should make sure that the employee's abilities match the job requirements
What type of discrimination usually involves jokes or negative stereotypes being perpetrated about fellow employees? A. Intimidation B. Mockery and insults C. Exclusion D. Discriminatory policies
B. Mockery and insults
Casey majored in marketing and really enjoyed market research as a subject. Through research on the internet and in the university library she discovers that this industry appears to have significant positive external trends. She interprets this as a(n) ________. A. Threat B. Opportunity C. Weakness D. Strength
B. Opportunity
Which of the following is the best indicator of an organization's real goals A. Annual reports B. Organizational members' actions C. Mission statement D. Stock valuation
B. Organizational members' actions
Bill has been working his plan for about three months. He is now discussing his progress with Jim, his supervisor. If Bill and Jim are using the MBO planning process, this discussion is called_______. A. Redirection of goals B. Performance feedback C. Advise and adjust D. The milestone checkpoint
B. Performance feedback
___________ is the biological heritage (including physical characteristics such as one's skin color and associated traits) that people use to identify themselves. A. Culture B. Race C. Ethnicity D. Nationality
B. Race
Which of the following was a feature of the period from the late 1980s to the late 1990s in terms of workplace diversity? A. Focusing on complying with laws and regulations, such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act B. Shifting from compliance and focusing only on women and minorities to including everyone C. Seeing workplace diversity as a core business issue, important to achieve business success, profitability, and growth D. Developing corporate programs to help improve self-confidence and qualifications of diverse individuals so they can "fit in"
B. Shifting from compliance and focusing only on women and minorities to including everyone
Tom's Welding has been supplying frames to the mobile home industry for many years. His business has remained steady despite the entry of other firms into the industry. Tom is likely pursuing a ____________ strategy. A. Renewal B. Stability C. Retrenchment D. Differentiation
B. Stability
According to Lewin, which of the following is the objective of refreezing? A. Directing behavior away from the change B. Stabilizing the new situation C. Hindering the existing equilibrium D. Eliminating the need for future change
B. Stabilizing the new situation
Heavy investment in __________ will help take advantage of the market's growth and help maintain high market share. A. Cash cows B. Stars C. Dogs D. Question marks
B. Stars
What positive perception do employers typically have of older employees? A. Enthusiastic towards new technology B. Strong work ethic C. Open to change D. Flexible and adaptable
B. Strong work ethic
How does surface-level diversity differ from deep-level diversity? A. Service-level diversity becomes more important as people get to know each other, while deep-level diversity becomes less relevant with increasing familiarity between people B. Surface level diversity can affect the way people perceive others, especially in terms of assumptions or stereotyping, while deep level diversity may affect general behavior of people at work C. Surface-level diversity is reflected by differences in personality and values, while deep-level diversity is influenced by age and ethnic differences D. Surface-level diversity can affect the way people view organizational rewards and their communication with others, while deep-level diversity does not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel
B. Surface level diversity can affect the way people perceive others, especially in terms of assumptions or stereotyping, while deep level diversity may affect general behavior of people at work
Which of the following is the first step in MBO? A. Unit managers collaboratively set specific objectives for their units with their managers B. The organization's overall objectives and strategies are formulated C. Major objectives are allocated among divisional and departmental units D. Action plans are specified and agreed upon by managers and employees
B. The organization's overall objectives and strategies are formulated
When is the traditional top-down approach to planning most likely to be effective? A. When lower level employees develop plans B. When plans are developed that can actually be used by organizational members C. When the management avoids the use of a formal planning department D. When the plans focus on developing a large number of plans and carefully documenting them
B. Then plans are developed that can actually be used by organizational members
Which of the following is a competitive force under the five forces model? A. Bargaining power of distributors B. Threat of new entrants C. Vertical integration D. Past rivalry with competitors
B. Threat of new entrants
People are going to be different. The focus of managers should be ____________. A. To find ways to keep various groups within the workforce from creating conflict B. To find ways to develop strong relationships with and engage the entire workforce C. To find commonalities among various groups displaying surface-level diversity D. To make sure the practices within their departments comply with the letter of the laws governing discrimination in employment
B. To find ways to develop strong relationships with and engage the entire workforce
During the great recession, Malcolm's racing bikes lost a considerable amount of its business because customers could no longer afford the expensive models in his shop. He was very near bankruptcy. Malcolm began carrying a line of less expensive bikes to appeal to recreational bicyclists and families also opened a repair service. Malcolm used a ____ strategy. A. Retrenchment B. Turnaround C. Diversification D. Reorganization
B. Turnaround
A _________ personality is characterized by chronic feelings of a sense of time urgency, an excessive competitive drive, and difficulty accepting and enjoying leisure time. A. Type X B. Type A C. Type B D. Type Y
B. Type A
In the _________ metaphor, change is normal and expected and managing it is a continual process. A. Smooth water B. White-water rapids C. Water over the dam D. Calm waters
B. White-water rapids
In which of the following areas are consistent male-female differences observed? A. Sociability B. Work schedule preferences C. Problem-solving ability D. Competitive drive
B. Work schedule preferences
Newmark RV is performing an internal analysis. Which of the following would be considered a resource? A. Membership in RVIA, the industry association B. Strongly positive reviews from existing customers C. A patent for a special design feature D. A method of production not used by competitors
C. A patent for a special design feature
Which of the following statements is true of employing disabled employees? A. Workers with disabilities lack job skills and experience necessary to perform as well as their abled counterparts B. Hiring people with disabilities leads to higher employment costs and lower profit margins C. A person with a disability for whom workplace accommodations have been provided has the same obligations and rights as far as job performance D. Employees with disabilities are exempt from potential disciplinary action, and there are high costs associated with accommodating disabled employees
C. A person with a disability for whom workplace accommodations have been provided has the same obligations and rights as far as job performance
Nike, inc is a sportswear and equipment manufacturer that serves as a multitude for sports disciplines. Which of the following statements for Nike would be the best example of a strategic goal? A. A ten percent increase in average annual sales B. A seven percent increase in average annual income C. Accelerating growth through focused execution D. Achieving a return on investment of 17 percent
C. Accelerating growth through focused execution
Earnest's team works well when given "big picture" goals and allowed to develop ideas without detailed explanations or guidance. This would indicate Earnest's team is ___________. A. Tolerant of risk B. Tolerant of conflict C. Accepting of ambiguity D. An open-system focus team
C. Accepting of ambiguity
Which of the following is a physical symptom of stress? A. Changes in mood B. Changes in productivity C. Changes in metabolism D. Changes in attitude
C. Changes in metabolism
A problem associated with traditional goal setting is that ______. A. The narrowly defined goals inhibit a manager's ability to interpret them B. It promotes the growth of a flatter organizational structure and threatens organizational efficiency C. Clarity is lost as the goals make their way down from the top of the organization to lower levels D. The high degree of reliance on employees for developing is not suited to many situations
C. Clarity is lost as the goals make their way down from the top of the organization to lower levels
Well-written goals are _____ A. Just out of reach B. Easily achieved C. Clear as to a time frame D. Written in terms of actions rather than outcomes
C. Clear as to a time frame
A company that competes by offering unique products that are widely valued by customers is following a ___________. A. Leadership strategy B. Focus strategy C. Differentiation strategy D. Functional strategy
C. Differentiation strategy
An internet-based knowledge management system that shortens customer response times would be an e-business technique that contributes to the competitive advantage of a _________. A. Cost leader B. Focuser C. Differentiator D. Brick
C. Differentiator
Outside consultants are more likely to initiate ________ organizational changes than insiders. A. Acceptable B. Trivial C. Drastic D. Mild
C. Drastic
Soon after Jeff was hired as a company accountant, his company developed corporate programs to help improve self-confidence and qualifications of diverse employees so they could "fit in". During which period of time did Jeff start working for his employers? A. 1960s to 1970s B. Late 1980s to late 1990s C. Early 1980s D. New millennium
C. Early 1980s
The technology change in the manufacturing process of New Ideas, Inc.'s products to make the process more efficient is the result of a competitor lowering its price. Therefore, it was a(n) ____________. A. Economic force of change B. Marketplace force of change C. External force of change D. Internal force of change
C. External force of change
Which of the following techniques for reducing resistance to change includes employee counseling, therapy, new skills training, or a short paid leave of absence? A. Negotiation B. Manipulation and co-optation C. Facilitation and support D. Coercion
C. Facilitation and support
Nora has been informed her employer that she is expecting her second child. Her employer immediately moved her to a position of less responsibility and pay and less physical activity. This action is _________. A. Illegal under the Americans with Disabilities Act B. Allowed under the Pregnancy Act C. Illegal under the Pregnancy Act D. Illegal under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
C. Illegal under the Pregnancy Act
Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be feminine? A. Leading by example B. Being directive C. Inclusive D. Authoritative
C. Inclusive
Which of the following is an example of a psychological symptom of stress? A. Changes in productivity B. Increased heart and breathing rate C. Irritability D. Changes in metabolism
C. Irritability
________ is a process of setting mutually-agreed upon goals and using those goals to evaluate employee performance. A. Management by exception B. Management by walking around C. Management by objectives D. Management by observation
C. Management by objectives
Which of the following statements is true of traditional goal setting? A. Goals defined narrowly by top managers need to be made more directional as they flow down through the organization B. Traditional goal setting assumes that employees know best and employs a bottom-up approach of setting organizational goals C. Managers at each level define goals and apply their own interpretations and biases as they make them more specific D. Evaluation of performance is carried out concurrently with the flow of goals through the organization
C. Managers at each level define goals and apply their own interpretations and biases as they make them more specific
A _______ is an integrated network of goals in which the accomplishment of goals at one level makes possible the achievement of the goals at the next level. A. Bottom-up ladder B. Process sequence C. Means-ends chain D. Reverse pyramid
C. Means-ends chain
__________ is a process whereby an experienced organizational member provides advice and guidance to a less-experienced member. A. Delegating B. Assimilation C. Mentoring D. Integration
C. Mentoring
Which of the following is an advantage of being a first mover? A. Low development costs B. Certainty over the direction of technology and market C. Opportunity to begin building customer relationships D. No financial or strategic risks
C. Opportunity to begin building customer relationships
In his exit interview, James, a member of a minority group, mentioned that he has been passed over for promotions in favor of less qualified internal candidates. This situation relates to _________. A. Deep=level diversity B. Organizational strategy C. Organizational performance D. People management
C. Organizational performance
Which of the following trends has been observed in the world population in terms of aging? A. As nations have advanced economically, birthrates have increased in proportion to the growing world population B. The world's population aged 80 and over is projected to decrease 23 C. People aged 65 and older will soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history D. The world's population is growing older, but at a slower rate than it did in comparison with the previous two centuries
C. People aged 65 and older will soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history
Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is categorized as strategic? A. Reduced costs associated with high turnover B. Improved system flexibility C. Potential to improve market share D. Better use of talent
C. Potential to improve market share
Which of the following is the best description of the provisions of the Civil Rights Act, Title VII? A. Prohibiting discrimination against individuals with disabilities or chronic illnesses B. Prohibiting the forced retirement of most employees C. Prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, or gender D. Prohibiting discrimination against employees aged 40 or over
C. Prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, or gender
When a totally new product, such as laser discs years ago, is introduced, it would be considered a __________ according to the BCG matrix. A. Star B. Dog C. Question mark D. Cash cow
C. Question mark
Which of the following diversity factors has been called the "last acceptable bias"? A. Ethnic origin B. Religious beliefs C. Sexual orientation D. Gender identity
C. Sexual orientation
Discrimination refers to ______________. A. Judging a person based on a perception of a group to which that person belongs B. A tendency or preference toward a particular perspective or ideology C. Someone acting out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice D. A preconceived belief, opinion, or judgment towards a person or a group of people
C. Someone acting out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice
Managers should "milk" cash cows for as much as they can, limit any new investment in them, and use the large amounts of cash generated to invest in _____ and ________. A. Cash cows; dogs B. Question marks; dogs C. Stars; question marks D. Dogs; stars
C. Stars; question marks
Williamson is the owner of a small company that sells corporate gifts through an online store. Business has slowed down in recent months and he realizes that the organization must move in a different direction if it is to survive. He has reset some of the company's overall goals and wants to develop a plan to achieve those goals. He is anticipating the business environment to be volatile for the next few years. Considering the above information, it can be determined that his plan must be ________, ________, and ________. A. Informal; unwritten; flexible B. Strategic; general; rigid C. Strategic; specific; flexible D. Operational; directional; rigid
C. Strategic; specific; flexible
Business had been humming along just fine until the Great Recession hit. Benton Industries adjusted by laying off employees until the recession ended then hired them back. Then it was back to business as usual. This is an example of ________. A. The white-water rapids metaphor B. The shallow water metaphor C. The calm waters metaphor D. The falling water metaphor
C. The calm waters metaphor
In workplace jargon, the term "glass ceiling" refers to ____________. A. The theoretical organizational level beyond which no discrimination exists B. The cumulative difference between opportunities and rewards offered to male and female employees C. The invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions D. The perceived difference in cognitive abilities between male and female employees
C. The invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions
When the price of beef skyrockets, consumers switch to pork and chicken. This demonstrates __________. A. The threat of new entrants B. The bargaining power of suppliers C. The threat of substitutes D. The bargaining power of buyers
C. The threat of substitutes
Long-term plans are defined as those with a time frame beyond ________. A. One year B. Five years C. Three years D. Seven years
C. Three years
An innovative culture is likely to have __________. A. High external controls B. Low tolerance of risks C. Tolerance of conflict D. Closed-system focus
C. Tolerance of conflict
Which of the following is one of the problems associated with traditional goal setting? A. It can result in the formation of a means-end chain B. Goals set are invariably easily accomplished C. Transition of strategic goals into departmental, team, and individual goals is difficult D. Top level managers tend to define the organization's goals in very narrow terms
C. Transition of strategic goals into departmental, team, and individual goals is difficult
Which of the following is a structural variable that supports innovation? A. High job security B. Focus on ends C. Work and non-work support D. Tolerance of conflict
C. Work and non-work support
Which of the following strategies involves a cost advantage or differentiation advantage in a narrow segment. A. Niche strategy B. Leadership strategy C. Focus strategy D. Functional strategy
C.Focus strategy
__________ plans are clearly defined and leave no room for interpretation. A. Long-term B. Directional C. Specific D. Stated
C.Specific
Which of the following provides a framework for understanding diverse businesses and helps managers establish priorities for allocating resources? A. A strategic business unit B. Vertical integration C. A differentiation matrix D. A corporate portfolio matrix
D. A corporate portfolio matrix
A firm that is "stuck in the middle" cannot develop _________. A. A competitive advantage B. A leadership strategy C. A functional strategy D. A cost or differentiation advantage
D. A cost or differentiation advantage
If top management set a goal that each store in the company should have sales equal to or greater than $100 per square foot per day, this would be an example of ______.' A. A directional plan B. A strategic plan C. A strategic goal D. A financial goal
D. A financial goal
Who targets a narrow market segment with customized products? A. A first mover B. A differentiator C. A niche marketer D. A focuser
D. A focuser
In the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix, a business unit that has a low anticipated growth rate but a high market share is known as a ________. A. Star B. Dog C. Question makr D. Cash cow
D. Cash cow
Structural component changes include ___________. A. Changing behavior B. Changing work processes C. Changing attitudes D. Combining departmental responsibilities
D. Combining departmental responsibilities
Which of the following is true of competitive intelligence as a means of environmental scanning? A. It is unethical to use competitive intelligence to make strategic business decisions B. The Competitive Espionage Act makes it a crime in the United States to engage in competitive intelligence C. Buying competitors' product and asking their own employees to evaluate them to learn about new technological innovations is an example of the unethical practices followed in competitive intelligence D. Competitive intelligence is ethical if competitor-related information is collected from sources accessible and available to the public
D. Competitive intelligence is ethical if competitor-related information is collected from sources accessible and available to the public
A ________ strategy determines what businesses a company is in or wants to be in, and what it wants to do with those businesses. A. Functional B. Competitive C. Focus D. Corporate
D. Corporate
Kiva Systems, a manufacturer of robots used in flexible automation systems, demonstrates the power of ________ by "teaching" its robots to dispose of used cardboard and to assist in gift wrapping for e-commerce warehouse fulfillment. A. E-business strategies B. Strategic flexibility C. Inventory management D. Design thinking
D. Design thinking
What type of discrimination is said to have occurred when certain actions taken by respective of an organization deny equal opportunity to perform or unequal rewards for performance? A. Incivility B. Intimidation C. Exclusion D. Discriminatory practices or policies
D. Discriminatory practices or policies
Fred's Donuts is installing new equipment in its bakery. Many employees are fearful they will not be able to operate it. Which of the following courses of actions is best for Fred to use to overcome this employee resistance? A. Present distorted facts to the employees B. Terminate employees who resist the change C. Threaten the employees who resist the change D. Educate employees and communicate with them
D. Educate employees and communicate with them
Managers offer ________ to employees who want to talk to someone about their problems. A. Performance planning programs B. Wellness programs C. Time management programs D. Employee counseling
D. Employee counseling
Patrick expects that each person he hires for his online business to be involved in studying trends involving new technology, competitors, and customers. These employees are involved in _________. A. Customer analysis B. Internal analysis C. Industry analysis D. External analysis
D. External Analysis
When formal planning fails to lead to higher performance, which of the following is most likely to be the reason for the failure? A. Managers were allowed too much autonomy B. A participative style of planning was used C. The company emphasized the control function over other functions D. External forces constrain managers' options
D. External forces constrain managers' options
Employee A refers to work flexible hours and to work from home as often as practical. According to research, Employee A is likely to be _____________. A. A minority B. Disabled C. Older D. Female
D. Female
An organization that initially brings a product innovation to the market is known as the _________. A. Cash cow B. Free rider C. Question mark D. First mover
D. First mover
Strategic plans are usually ____ A. Short term, directional, and standing B. Long term, specific, and standing C. Short term, specific, and standing D. Long term, directional, and single use
D. Long term, directional, and single use
____________ involves exchanging something of value for an agreement to lessen the resistance to the change effort. A. Facilitation and support B. Coercion C. Manipulation and co-optation D. Negotiation
D. Negotiation
Which of the following statements is true of gender diversity in workplaces? A. Despite the disparity in representation in the workforce, women earn nearly as much as men do on a median basis B. Today, men make up nearly two-thirds of the workforce, while women account for the remaining third C. Affirmative action policies have resulted in women, generally, starting their careers at higher levels than men D. No consistent male-female differences exist in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability
D. No consistent male-female differences exist in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability
Plans that encompass only the production or the sales goals of a company are termed ______ plans. A. Financial B. Informal C. Strategic D. Operational
D. Operational
Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity contributed to organizational performance? A. Increased understanding of the marketplace and improved ability to better market to diverse customers B. Potential source of competitive advantage from improved innovation efforts C. Ability to attract and retain employees of diverse backgrounds D. Reduced costs associated with high turnover and absenteeism
D. Reduced costs associated with high turnover and absenteeism
A ________ strategy is used to deal with minor performance problems. It helps an organization stabilize operations, revitalize organizational resources and capabilities, and prepare to compete once again. A. Turnaround B. Renewal C. Stability D. Retrenchment
D. Retrenchment
The concept of workforce diversity expanded from compliance to an issue of business survival during the early 1980s.
F
__________ is a method of changing behaviors through unstructured group interaction. A. Team building B. Survey feedback C. Intergroup development D. Sensitivity training
D. Sensitivity training
U.S. federal law does not prohibit discrimination against employees on the basis of ___________. A. Religion B. Race C. Age D. Sexual orientation
D. Sexual Orientation
When an organization continues serving the same clients by offering the same product or service, maintaining market share, and sustaining the organization's current business operations, it is following a ________ strategy. A. Retrenchment B. Turnaround C. Renewal D. Stability
D. Stability
Robert Downs, owner of a new community newspaper in his hometown of Corning, New York, has set the following goal for his company: "to be a champion for free speech and for the development of the community." This goal constitutes the ______ goal of the company. A. Informal B. Financial C. Operational D. Strategic
D. Strategic
___________ is the ability to anticipate, envision, maintain flexibility, think strategically, and work with others in the organization to initiate changes that will create a viable and valuable future for the organization. A. Strategic flexibility B. Strategic competence C. Strategic management D. Strategic leadership
D. Strategic leadership
Most companies' goals can be classified as either _____ or ______? A. Strategic; operational B. Social; economic C. Operational; tactical D. Strategic; financial
D. Strategic; financial
The top managers of the corporation are meeting to discuss how they will compete in their chosen markets and how they will attract and satisfy customers. These managers are discussing ___________. A. Core competencies B. Their competitive advantage C. The business model D. Strategy
D. Strategy
After several expansions and acquisitions that resulted in duplicate positions of several administrative functions, U.S. Big Corp. decided to reorganize itself around customers rather than around functions. This would amount to a change in ___________. A. Degree of centralization B. Structural components C. Selection process D. Structural design
D. Structural design
The meaning of "glass" that is used in the term "glass ceiling" signifies __________. A. That the perceived barrier to top management positions is brittle and vulnerable to changes at the topmost organizational levels B. The gulf of opportunities and rewards afforded to male and female employees that can be "seen through" easily C. That organizations maintain a transparent ethos when defining management roles assigned to male and female employees D. That whatever is blocking the way for women to attain top management positions is not immediately apparent
D. That whatever is blocking the way for women to attain top management positions is not immediately apparent
Bella Vista Clothing targets teenage girls with a range of affordable ready-to-wear clothing. The company is opening two new outlets, as sales have been excellent. Which of the following represents a strength for the company? A. Bella Vista has excess production capacity B. A long-time competitor recently went out of business and Bella Vista can cut down on its advertising budget C. Disposable income is rising and consumers will have more money to spend on clothes D. The company's in-house designers have a knack for identifying and popularizing fashion trends
D. The company's in-house designers have a knack for identifying and popularizing fashion trends
When making editoral decisions for his newspaper, the owner/ editor mostly picks issues that are in line with his political beliefs and those that his advertisers approve of despite his publicly stated goal " to be a champion for free speech and for the development of the community." This indicates that ______. A. The company's strategic goals do not leave any room for interpretation B. The company's financial goals derive from its strategic goals C. The company's goals are directional in nature D. The company's stated goals are not its real goals
D. The company's stated goals are not its real goals
Which of the following correctly reflects the characteristics of the current U.S. population? A. The Asian population in the United States is presently the largest ethnic group B. Nearly one in five Americans today is an immigrant C. The Hispanic community represents nearly one-third of the total U.S. population D. The median age of the U.S. population has risen significantly over the last decade
D. The median age of the U.S. population has risen significantly over the last decade
How can managers increase the likelihood of making change happen successfully? A. They should discourage entrepreneurial mindsets B. They should realize that they are just change agents not change leaders C. They should adopt the changes made by their competitors D. They should give individual employees a role in the change process.
D. They should give individual employees a role in the change process.
Which of the following would be a well-written goal for an online retailer operating in a volatile business environment? A. To achieve a 25 percent growth in revenue, which is defined as the number of items sold multiplied by their price B. To accelerate our growth to the maximum possible level over the next three years C. To invoice merchandise worth $200,000, every month, for the next three years D. To minimize costs, maximize profits, and maximize return on investment
D. To minimize costs, maximize profits, and maximize return on investment
One big challenge for managers of diverse workforces is ____________. A. To assure that employees do not discuss their religious beliefs with other workers B. To treat all employees identically despite individual differences C. To provide accommodations for disabled workers that don't carry excessive costs D. To provide accommodations for disabilities and religious beliefs that other employees don't view as special treatment
D. To provide accommodations for disabilities and religious beliefs that other employees don't view as special treatment
When a member of her team offers an "off-the-wall" solution to a team problem, Martina has to contend with what cultural variable? A. Tolerance of conflict B. Focus on ends C. Tolerance of risk D. Tolerance of the impractical
D. Tolerance with the impractical
The number of years used to define short term and long term plans has increased considerably because of the greater environmental certain business have today.
F
The presence of planning does inhibits the ability of departments and individuals to work together or organizations to move
F
Which of the following is an assumption associated with traditional goal setting? A. Managers and employees together develop goals B. Employees will be more motivated to try to attain goals that they helped set C. Clarity and specificity are preserved as the goals filter down through organizational levels D. Top managers know what is best because they see the "big picture."
D. Top managers know what is best because they see the "big picture."
In __________, goals set by top managers flow down through the organization and become subgoals for each organizational area. A. Management by objectives B. Management by observation C. Traditional planning D. Traditional goal setting
D. Traditional goal setting
Managers perform an external analysis so that they know about______ A. Their organization's core competencies B. What customers want C. The firm's basic beliefs and ethical priorities D. What the competition is doing
D. What the competition is doing
Defining the organizational mission forces managers to identify ___________. A. What the labor supply is like in the locations where the organization operates B. What the competitor is doing C. What pending legislation will affect the organization D. What the organization is in business to do
D. What the organization is in business to do
A business model describes how a company is going to make money and what it is going to do with it.
F
A trucking company that grows by purchasing a chain of gasoline stations is engaged in horizontal integration.
F
According to projections of the U.S. population, the ethnic groups that will exhibit the most change are the Hispanic and African American populations.
F
Coercion involves the use of covert attempts to influence others.
F
Directional plans are clearly defined and leave no room for interpretation.
F
Diversification is an example of a corporate retrenchment strategy.
F
Managers using the strategic management process always achieve positive outcomes.
F
Manipulation involves the use of direct threats against the registers.
F
Men are found to follow a nurturing, inclusive, and collaborative style of leadership, in contrast to women.
F
Men are more likely than women to start out in an entry-level position, even when they have the same educational qualifications.
F
Planning helps managers eliminate uncertainty and insulates organizations from change.
F
Several research studies have conclusively proven that planning organizations always outperform non planning organizations.
F
Stars one of the four business groups in the BCG matrix, are characterized by low growth and high market share.
F
Stress symptoms can be categorized as physical, psychological, and psychomotor.
F
The "white-water rapids" metaphor of change is consistent with Lewin's concept of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
F
A disadvantage of coercion is that it may be illegal and may undermine the change agent's credibility.
T
A leadership change can facilitate cultural change.
T
As managers plan, they develop both goals and plans
T
Changing structure includes any change in structural variables such as reporting relationships, coordination mechanisms, employee empowerment, or job redesign.
T
Creativity refers to the ability to combine ideas in a unique way or to make unusual associations between ideas.
T
Cultural change is likely to take place when a dramatic crisis occurs.
T
Dynamic environments require a flatter organizational hierarchy in order to plan effectively.
T
Employers generally tend to view older workers as not being flexible or adaptable and being more resistant to new technology.
T
Evaluating an organization's intangible assets is part of conducting an internal analysis in the strategic management process.
T
In an uncertain environment, managers should develop plans that are specific, but flexible.
T
In traditional goal setting, goals set by top managers flow down through the organization and become subgoals for each organizational area.
T
Long-term plans are those with a time frame beyond three years.
T
Our human nature is to not accept or approach anything that's different from us.
T
People aged 65 and older are expected to soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history.
T
People may resist change based on habit.
T
Short term plans are those covering one year or less.
T
Stress can be caused by personal factors and by job-related factors.
T
Stress is the adverse reaction people have to excessive pressure placed on them from extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities.
T
The BCG matrix evaluates an organization's various businesses to identify which ones offer high potential and which ones drain organizational resources.
T
The commitment concept says the plans should extend far enough to meet those commitments made when the plans were developed
T
Women and men now each make up almost half of the workforce in the United States.
T
Worldwide population trends indicate that we will witness dwindling labor supply and increasing total global savings rates.
T