Exam 2

first degree burn

A superficial burn that only affects the epidermis causing redness and possible swelling. A mild sunburn would be an example of this type of burn

Increased production of connective tissue

After a skin injury, the body initiates a wound-healing response. The first step of this response is the formation of a blood clot to stop bleeding. What is the nest response.

Epidermis and dermis

An individual has spent too much time sun bathing. Not only is his skin painful to touch, but small blisters have appeared in the affected area. This indicates that he has damaged which layers of his skin?

Papillary dermis

An individual using a sharp knife notices a small amount of blood where he just cut himself. Which layer of skin did he have to cut into in order to bleed?

Basale

Cancer: The mitotically active stem cells in the stratum basale are affected. Most common cancer and frequently found in head, neck, arms and back. This is _____________ cell carcinoma

Matrix, Ground Substance, Fluid

Connective tissue is made of what three essential components

Spread of cancer cells from their sources to other areas of the body

Define metastasis

Contains blood, lymph vessels, and nerves. Contains hair follicles and sweat glands. Made up of connective tissue

Describe the dermis

are present in the skin throughout the body and produce water sweat

Eccrine sweat glands

Muscus-secreting unicellular "gland" interspersed between columnar epithelial cells of mucous membranes

Explain a goblet cell

Protect the nucleus from UV light

Explain melanin's function

Langerhans

If you cut yourself and bacteria enter the wound, what cells would help get rid of the bacteria

Simple Columnar

In observing epithelial cells under a microscope, the cells are arranged in a single layer and look tall and narrow, and the nucleus is located close to the basal side of the cell/ The specimen is what type of epithelial tissue?

Stratum spinosum

Langerhans cells are commonly found in the

Regular dense connective tissue

Ligaments and tendons are made of this tissue

Melanin, Carotene, Hemaglobin

List the color pigments in skin

Blood, Lymph

List the fluid connective tissues

Protecting, Thermoregulation, Sensory input, Communication

List the functions of hair

Stratum basale, Stratum spinosum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum corneum

List the layers of the epidermis in order from deepest to the most superficial

neuron and neuroglia

Name the cells found in nervous tissue

Tight junctions

Name the connection between epithelial cells that leaves no space between cells so no substance can move through the extracellular space

Stratum corneum

The cells in this layer are full of keratin and are dry and dead

The hair follicle

The hair matrix contains

False

The hypodermis is considered a part of the skin

Hyaline

The most common type of cartilage is found in the rib cage and end of nose, also covers bones at the joints

Connective tissue

The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of

Cuboidal stem cells, Merkel cells, Melanocytes

The stratum basale includes which of the following

fourth degree burn

This burn affects all layers of the skin into the underlying muscle and bone. It is not as painful because nerve endings are damaged.

third degree burn

This burn extends into the epidermis and dermis destroying tissue and affecting nerve endings. Will appear white, red or black

Squamous

This cancer affects the keratinocytes if the stratum spinosum and shows in the scalp. ears, and hands as lesions is __________ cell carcinoma

Muscles

This category of tissue is excitable and responds to stimulation and contracts to provide movement

Epithelium

This category of tissue is highly cellular, with little to no extracellular material. Cells are connected at cell junctions and have an apical surface and a basal lamina. This tissue is avascular.

Mesoderm

This germ layer includes connective tissue proper, bone, cartilage, blood, endothelium of blood vessels, muscle, synovial membrane, serous membranes lining body cavities, kidneys, lining of gonalds

Dense irregular connective tissue

This tissue is found in the dermis of the skin allowing it to stretch in different directions

Compact bone

This tissue is the hardest tissue of all the connective tissues. It supports and protects and contains organic and inorganic components. It looks like a tree trunk under the microscope and is made by osteoblasts

Connective

This type of tissue binds cells and organs of the body together and protects and integrates all parts of the body

Gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water-resistance properties

What is the function of keratin

Sympathetic nervous system

What monitors body temperature for thermal regulation

Basal cells of the hair bulb

Where in the hair are the stem cells

Pseudostratified columnar

Which epithelial tissue are all column-like cells that reach the basement membrane but the nuclei are in different areas

Simple Columnar

Which epithelial tissue has a single layer of column like cells

Stratified cuboidal

Which epithelial tissue has cube-shaped cells stacked on top of each other

Stratified Squamous

Which epithelial tissue has flat cells that are stacked on top of each other

Made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, No blood vessels in this tissue

Which is true about the epidermis

Adipose, Areolar, Reticular

Which of the connective tissues listed are loose connective tissue

Source of blood vessels in the epidermis

Which of the following is not a function of the hypodermis

Redness, local heat, pain, swelling

list the cardinal signs of inflammation