Exam 2 Jeopardy

The nurse is caring for a patient with epilepsy who is on anticonvulsant therapy and is also breast-feeding. Which patient teaching instruction should minimize the risk to the baby? a. "Avoid drugs that have a long half-life." b. "Discontinue the drug until you have stopped breast-feeding."

"Avoid drugs that have a long half-life."

The nurse is preparing to begin giving phenobarbital, which is known to induce CYP isozymes, to a patient on oral contraceptives. What patient teaching will the nurse expect to provide for this patient? a."Condoms are not necessary while taking phenobarbital. It is not an antibiotic." b. "Plan to use another form of birth control while taking phenobarbital."

"Plan to use another form of birth control while taking phenobarbital."

A pediatric nurse is teaching nursing students about medication administration in children. Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "Drugs effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is proportional for weight and size." b. "Side effects of drugs in children are similar to side effects of drugs in adults."

"Drugs effective in adults may not work in children, even if the dose is proportional for weight and size."

The parent of a 2-month-old infant who has just received the first dose of DTaP asks the nurse about expected reactions to the vaccine. The nurse will respond by saying that: a. "Mild reactions, including a low-grade fever, are common." b. "Most children do not experience any reaction."

"Mild reactions, including a low-grade fever, are common."

A nurse prepares to give a medication to a 22 year old female. The medication insert states the medication is 'Category X'. The nurse should ask the pt: a. "When was your last menstrual period?" b. " Have you been sexually active in the past year?"

"When was your last menstrual period?"

A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to a 1-year-old child. The parents ask the nurse to give the child acetaminophen before administering the vaccine to reduce the pain. Which response by the nurse is correct? a. "Children don't remember pain, so it isn't necessary to give acetaminophen." b. "Your child's response to the vaccine may not be as effective if I give acetaminophen."

"Your child's response to the vaccine may not be as effective if I give acetaminophen."

2 teaspoons of dextromethorphan (Pediacare) cough medicine have been prescribed. A measuring device is marked in mL is being used. How many mL should be administered? a. 15 ml b. 10 ml

10 ml

An IV solution contains 1.5 grams of ampicillin (Principen). 1.5 grams of ampicillin (Principen) is equivalent to how many mg? a. 150 mg b. 1500 mg

1500 mg

An IV will be administered using an infusion pump that delivers mL per hour. Dextrose 5% 0.9% sodium chloride has been prescribed to run IV at a rate of 925 mL in 4 hours. The IV should infuse at how many mL per hour? Round to the nearest tenth a. 231.3 ml/h b. 100.7 ml/h

231.3 ml/h 925 / 4

When giving a medication metabolized by the liver, who is most at risk for developing toxicity? a. 18 month old toddler b. 3 month old infant

3 month old infant

The prescriber orders an IV of Norepinephrine 2 mg in Dextrose 5% in water 250 mL to be infused at a rate of 2 micrograms per minute. At how many mL per hour will the nurse infuse the IV? a. 15 ml/h b. 30 ml/h

30 ml/h 60 min x 2 mcg x 1 mg x 250 mL 1 hr 1 min 1000 mcg 2 mg

An adult weighs 127 lbs. The nurse determines that 127 lbs. is equivalent to how many kg. a. 57.7 kg b. 279.9 kg

57.7 kg

The nurse is monitoring a group of patients for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Which patient is most at risk for developing drug toxicity? a. A 70-year-old woman with an elevated creatinine level b. A laboring 25-year-old woman with a positive Homans' sign

A 70-year-old woman with an elevated creatinine level

The nurse is preparing to give a drug that is not classified according to a Pregnancy Risk Category. What should the nurse do? a. Administer the medication, because the nurse knows that it was in use before 1983 b. Hold the medication, because the drug has a proven risk of fetal harm

Administer the medication, because the nurse knows that it was in use before 1983

The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who has chronic asthma. When administering medications to this patient, the nurse should do what? a. Give the medications as ordered, because most drugs do not cross the placenta. b. Advise the patient that taking asthma medications during pregnancy improves fetal outcomes.

Advise the patient that taking asthma medications during pregnancy improves fetal outcomes.

Which factor in a patient's history is most likely related to the development of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency? a. Chronic alcohol abuse b. Heart transplant recipient

Chronic alcohol abuse

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory work for a patient who is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor).Which laboratory value is most useful for monitoring this drug? a. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) b. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old boy who weighs 72 pounds. The healthcare provider should make the most precise dosage adjustments for this patient's medications based on what? a. Body surface area b. Body mass index

Body surface area

The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child cannot use oral corticosteroids more often. Which statement by the nurse is true? a. Chronic steroid use can inhibit growth. b. Frequent use of this drug may lead to a decreased response.

Chronic steroid use can inhibit growth.

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute renal failure. The nurse should carefully assess for what? a. Increased drug excretion b. Development of drug toxicity

Development of drug toxicity

The nurse notes that a serum drug level drawn the day before was sub therapeutic on an elderly women who was recently discharged home. What will the nurse do next? a. Count the pills in the prescription bottle. b. Request an order for renal function tests.

Count the pills in the prescription bottle.

A nurse is concerned about renal function in an 84-year-old patient who is taking several medications. What should the nurse assess? a. Potassium levels b. Creatinine clearance

Creatinine clearance

A patient has an international normalized ratio (INR) that is elevated to an unsafe level. A nurse administers vitamin K, expecting which therapeutic result? a. Increase in red blood cell (RBC) indices b. Decrease in bleeding tendency

Decrease in bleeding tendency

Consuming alcohol when taking nitroglycerine can significantly lower blood pressure. This is an example of which drug property? a. Chemical instability b. Drug interaction

Drug interaction

The nurse is caring for a patient who has jaundice, dark urine, malaise, light-colored stools, nausea, and vomiting. This patient is most likely experiencing what? a. Iatrogenic disease of the kidneys b. Drug toxicity of the liver

Drug toxicity of the liver

In the elderly which phase of pharmacokinetics is of most concern? a. Excretion b. Metabolism

Excretion

True or False. Before receiving the hepatitis B vaccine, the nurse should ask the patient if they have an allergy to shellfish.

False. Baker's yeast

True or False. Echinacea should not be taken as prolonged therapy for patients with glaucoma.

False. Tuberculosis

True or False. Black Cohosh should be used with caution in patients taking Furosemide (lasix).

False. Use with caution in patients taking insulin.

Why is it important for a drug to have ease of administration? a. Fewer medication errors. b. Greater chemical stability

Fewer medication errors.

The nurse teaches the patient that which vitamin should be her priority for supplementation before planning a pregnancy? a. Vitamin D b. Folic acid

Folic acid

These herbs interfere with the medication, Coumadin, used to treat deep vein thrombosis. a. Garlic, ginger root. b. Valerian, Echinacea

Garlic, ginger root.

A patient asks a nurse for a supplement that can be used to prevent motion sickness during a vacation cruise. The nurse suggests which supplement? a. Ginger root (Zingiber officinale) b. Garlic (Allium sativum)

Ginger root (Zingiber officinale)

Hepatitis A vaccines are recommended for all individuals except: a. Persons who use injection drugs b. Persons working with hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the research setting c. Healthy school age children

Healthy school age children

This is associated with 'Kava', a dietary supplement used to treat anxiety and stress. a. Hepatotoxicity b. Stroke

Hepatotoxicity

Which effect of St John's wort, dietary supplement, would most concern the nurse? a. It accelerates the metabolism of some drugs. b. It enhances the effects of digoxin.

It accelerates the metabolism of some drugs.

What does it mean when a drug is easy to administer? a. it can be stored without refrigeration. b. it increases patient compliance with the medication regimen.

It increases patient compliance with the medication regimen.

The nurse is concerned with minimizing adverse drug-drug interactions for the patient. Which drug characteristic could result in the most serious consequences from a drug-drug interaction? a. Low therapeutic index b. High biologic half-life

Low therapeutic index

The nurse is caring for a group of female patients receiving medication therapy. Which factor is of greatest concern with regard to drug therapy in these patients? a. Most drug research has been carried out exclusively in male subjects. b. Hormonal differences make managing drug therapy more difficult in most women.

Most drug research has been carried out exclusively in male subjects.

A patient is scheduled to start taking vitamin C. The nurse should teach the patient to observe for which side effect? a. Delayed healing b. Nausea and diarrhea

Nausea and diarrhea

A nurse administers Gardasil, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, to an 11-year-old girl. The nurse informs the parent that routine screening with which diagnostic test is needed? a. Beta hCG b. Pap test

Pap test

A patient in her twenties has frequent urinary tract infections, and her prescriber suggests drinking cranberry juice. She asks the nurse how drinking this can help. The nurse will tell her that cranberry juice: a. prevents bacteria from adhering to the urinary tract wall. b. helps treat established infections.

Prevents bacteria from adhering to the urinary tract wall.

The drug the nurse is about to give induces P-glycoprotein (PGP). What outcome might the nurse expect when this drug is given with other drugs? a. Increased levels of other drugs b. Reduced absorption of other drugs

Reduced absorption of other drugs

Why is it essential to individualize each patient's drug therapy with regard to elderly patients who are taking multiple medications? a. Most older adults have decreased body fat and increased lean mass. b. Renal function declines with age, leading to decreased drug excretion.

Renal function declines with age, leading to decreased drug excretion.

A teratogenic drug, such as methotrexate, is most likely to cause learning deficits during which phase of fetal development? a.First trimester b. Second and third trimesters

Second and third trimesters

Which example of product information, if it appeared on the label of an herbal supplement, would comply with the regulations established by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)? a. Lowers cholesterol b. Supports the immune system

Supports the immune system

A 3-year-old child is scheduled to receive pneumococcal vaccine (PCV). Which condition should the nurse recognize as a contraindication to the vaccine in this child? a. Premature birth b. Temperature of 103°F

Temperature of 103°F

A nurse caring for a 5-year-old child notes that the child has discoloration of several teeth. When taking a medication history, the nurse will ask about which group of medications? a. Sulfonamides b. Tetracyclines

Tetracyclines

The nurse understands that which vaccine should not be administered to a immunocompromised child? a. Polio injection b. Varicella virus vaccine

Varicella virus vaccine

Which property of the drug is the most compelling indication it should not be given? a. The drug effects are reversible. b. The drug is not effective for it's intended purpose.

The drug is not effective for it's intended purpose.

The nurse is reviewing what when studying a drug's impact it has on the body? a. The drug's pharmacodynamics b. The drug's predictability

The drug's pharmacodynamics

Which of the following statements is true regarding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination? a. It should be administered to all healthcare personnel born before 1957 b. The vaccine should be administered before potential exposure to HPV occurs through sexual activity

The vaccine should be administered before potential exposure to HPV occurs through sexual activity

Which patient is most likely to have an adverse drug reaction related to increased drug effects? a. Patient with chronic diarrhea b. Thin patient with a chronically low appetite

Thin patient with a chronically low appetite

The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing a respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute as a result of a large dose of pain medication. Which term most accurately describes this reaction? a. Side effect b. Toxicity

Toxicity

True or False. A 4 year old with an upper respiratory infections should not receive routine immunizations.

True

True or False. Toxicity is not an example of age related adverse drug effects.

True