Exam 2 - MGT 363

If companies have a limited budget for developing new training methods, the most appropriate hands-on training method would be _____. simulation team training on-the-job training (OJT) action learning

On-the-job training (OJT)

In self-directed learning, trainers do not control or disseminate instruction. True False

True

On-the-job training is considered informal because it does not occur as part of a formal classroom program. True False

True

Opportunity to perform is influenced by both the work environment and trainee motivation. True False

True

Pilot testing is more useful for formative evaluation than summative evaluation. True False

True

_____ relate to trainees' attitudes toward training content and motivation to transfer. Reactions Affective outcomes Cognitive outcomes Behavior and skill-based outcomes

Affective outcomes

On-the-job training is typically more passive than classroom training. True False

False

Outcome measures are often perfectly related to each other. True False

False

Fan-type seating is ineffective for training that includes trainees working in groups and teams. True False

False

Favorable trainee reactions are strongly connected with transfer. True False

False

Formative evaluation usually involves collecting quantitative data through tests or objective measures of performance. True False

False

Presentation methods are generally more effective than hands-on methods. True False

False

_____ prefer blended learning. Traditionalists Baby Boomers Millennials Gen Xers

Millennials

If companies have a limited budget for developing new training methods, the most appropriate hands-on training method would be _____. simulation team training on-the-job training (OJT) action learning

on-the-job training (OJT)

A request for proposal (RFP) is a document mainly used to identify _____. potential vendors and consultants for training services employees who do not require training trainee prerequisites disruptive trainees

potential vendors and consultants for training services

Which of the following statements is true of lesson plans? They are typically less detailed than a design document. They ensure that both the trainee and the trainer are aware of the course and program objectives. They include several courses and mainly focus on developing a set of competencies needed to perform a job. They are not documented.

They ensure that both the trainee and the trainer are aware of the course and program objectives.

The basic level of training support that a manager can provide is acceptance. True False

True

When using an outside vendor to provide training services, it is important to consider the extent to which the training program will be customized based on a company's needs. True False

True

A(n) _____ is a written document that includes the steps that a trainee and manager will take to ensure that training transfers to the job. concept map design document performance appraisal action plan

action plan

Effective knowledge sharing is most likely when employees _____. believe knowledge management is mandatory see knowledge sharing as an additional responsibility view knowledge as a means to have power over others have easy access to information within the context of their jobs

have easy access to information within the context of their jobs

In a _____ review meeting, a manager and employee discuss strengths and weaknesses of the employee's performance and agree on improvement goals. performance testing performance appraisal performance engineering performance budget

performance appraisal

It is important to conduct a return on investment (ROI) analysis for nearly all training programs. True False

False

Once the costs and benefits of the training program are determined, ROI is calculated by dividing costs by benefits. True False

False

The smaller the room, the more a trainer's gestures and movements must be exaggerated to get the audience's attention. True False

False

To encourage self-management, it is important to emphasize that lapses are evidence of personal failure. True False

False

Which of the following statements is true of random assignment? It assigns employees to a training program without considering their individual differences. It results in an unequal distribution of individual characteristics such as age, gender, and motivation. It increases the effects of employees dropping out of the study. It increases the differences between the training group and comparison group.

It assigns employees to a training program without considering their individual differences

Which of the following statements is true of random assignment? It assigns employees to a training program without considering their individual differences. It results in an unequal distribution of individual characteristics such as age, gender, and motivation. It increases the effects of employees dropping out of the study. It increases the differences between the training group and comparison group.

It assigns employees to a training program without considering their individual differences.

Which of the following statements is true of Solomon four-group evaluation design? It is mainly used by companies that are uncomfortable with excluding certain employees or that intend to train only a small group of employees. It is an evaluation design in which pre-training outcomes are completely ignored. It combines both pre-test/post-test comparison group and post-test-only control group design. Relative to the other evaluation designs, it is more economical and takes less time to conduct.

It combines both pre-test/post-test comparison group and post-test-only control group design.

Which of the following is a presentation method of training? On-the-job training Lecture Simulation Case study

Lecture

Lecture as a presentation method _____. emphasizes active trainee involvement and feedback is an expensive and time-consuming way to communicate information can be easily employed with large groups of trainees allows for strong connection to the work environment and easy transfer of training

can be easily employed with large groups of trainees

With opportunity to perform, activity level refers to the _____. number of trained tasks performed on the job frequency with which trained tasks are performed on the job critical nature of the trained tasks number of employees performing a similar trained task

frequency with which trained tasks are performed on the job

Curricula differ from courses in that curricula _____. consist of narrower learning objectives include broader learning objectives address a more limited number of competencies take less time to complete

include broader learning objectives

In the context of big data, _____ refers to the large number of sources and types of data. valence volume variety velocity

variety

The traditional classroom-type arrangement is good for role-play exercises that involve trainees working in groups of two or three. True False

False

Which of the following methods allows employees to take responsibility for all aspects of learning, including when it is conducted and who will be involved in it? Self-directed learning Adult learning Apprenticeship Informal learning

Self-directed learning

Kitty has been a trainer for many years, and she has become disillusioned with her trainees. She believes that trainees today lack any motivation to learn. This attitude is apparent to her trainees, and her trainees then fail to exert personal initiative, as expected. What phenomenon is most likely occurring in this instance? Expectancy theory Low self-efficacy Behavior modeling Self-fulfilling prophecy

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Which of the following statements is true of business games? Business games are non-competitive. Trainees know for certain the consequences of their actions. There are no limitations for participant behavior in business games. Several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.

Several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.

A firm that aims at improving readily observable outcomes such as productivity by collecting related data at periodic intervals before and after training is typically applying the _____ evaluation design. Solomon four-group pre-test/post-test return on investment time series

time series

Which of the following statements is true of business games? Business games are non-competitive. Trainees know for certain the consequences of their actions. There are no limitations for participant behavior in business games. Several alternative courses of action are available to trainees

Several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.

Typically, _____ are used to assess cognitive outcomes. attitude surveys observations focus groups pencil-and-paper tests

pencil-and-paper tests

In behavior modeling, key behaviors are typically performed in a specific order for a task to be completed. True False

True

In developing a lesson outline, trainers need to consider the proper sequencing of topics. True False

True

_____ learning focuses on well-defined competencies typically trained via lecture and online methods. Guided competency Social competency learning Guided contextual learning Social contextual learning

Guided competency

Business games mimic the competitive nature of business. True False

True

Development of effective self-directed learning typically begins with _____. writing trainee-centered learning objectives directly related to the tasks conducting a job analysis to identify the tasks that must be covered developing content for the learning package developing an evaluation package

conducting a job analysis to identify the tasks that must be covered

Which of the following training methods involve assisting a certified tradesperson at a work site? Apprenticeships Simulations Business games Role plays

Apprenticeships

Which of the following statements is true of knowledge management? Use of social networking sites hinders knowledge management. It involves acquiring knowledge, studying problems, attending training, and using technology only within work. It should be a central focus of training program design. Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management.

Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management.

_____ best prepares team members to step in and take the place of a member who may temporarily leave the team. Guided team self-correction Cross training Coordination training Temporary team training

Cross Training

_____ best prepares team members to step in and take the place of a member who may temporarily leave the team. Guided team self-correction Cross training Coordination training Temporary team training

Cross training

A _____ refers to an organized program of study designed to meet a complex learning objective. course curriculum training map lesson plan

Curriculum

Which of the following is a major aid in communicating tacit knowledge? Product formula Manual Discussion Procedure document

Discussion

A metaphor is a device such as a pattern of letters, ideas, or associations that assists in remembering something. True False

False

A pencil-and-paper test is the best means for measuring skill-based outcomes. True False

False

According to the 70-20-10 model, approximately 20 percent of learning occurs through formal classroom experiences. True False

False

Adventure learning likely results in high transfer of training. True False

False

Which of the following is the first stage of an experiential learning training program? Take part in a behavioral simulation Analyze the activity Gain conceptual knowledge and theory Connect the theory and activity with on-the-job or real-life situations

Gain conceptual knowledge and theory

Which of the following is an affective learning outcome? Learners' satisfaction with training Greater appreciation of diversity Increased production Reduced costs of production

Greater appreciation of diversity

Which training outcome relates to trainees providing feedback about their satisfaction with a trainer? Results Cognitive Reactions Behavior and skill-based

Reactions

_____ demonstrates to key business stakeholders, such as top-level managers, that their assumptions about training have been satisfied. Reactions Return on expectations (ROE) Results Return on investment (ROI)

Return on expectations (ROE)

Which of the following training methods is best suited for attitudinal learning outcomes? On-the-job training Self-directed learning Apprenticeship Role play

Role play

Which of the following statements is true of near transfer? If the tasks emphasized in training involve more variable interactions with people or equipment and unpredictable responses, then instruction should emphasize near transfer. Programs that emphasize near transfer should ideally include general principles that might apply to a greater set of contexts than those presented in the training session. Teaching learners to create a new product or solve a difficult problem requires training with an emphasis on near transfer. Trainees should be encouraged to focus only on important differences between training tasks and work tasks rather than unimportant differences.

Trainees should be encouraged to focus only on important differences between training tasks and work tasks rather than unimportant differences.

_____ refers to the process of collecting the outcomes needed to determine whether training is effective. Training evaluation Program design Performance appraisal Needs assessment

Training evaluation

Cognitive outcomes generally do not help determine how much trainees use training content on the job. True False

True

It is necessary to limit return on investment (ROI) analysis to certain training programs as it can be costly. True False

True

Evaluation designs without pre-test or comparison groups are most appropriate when _____. information regarding training effectiveness is not needed immediately companies are interested in determining how much change has occurred a company has a strong orientation toward evaluation a company is only interested in whether trainees have achieved a certain proficiency level

a company is only interested in whether trainees have achieved a certain proficiency level

If trainers are interested in the generalizability of a study's results to other groups of employees, then they are said to be interested in the _____ of the study. outcome practicality criterion relevance external validity outcome believability

external validity

A case study _____. is a training method that replicates the physical equipment is a description about how employees or an organization dealt with a difficult situation involves assisting a certified tradesperson involves observing peers performing a case and then trying to imitate their behavior

is a description about how employees or an organization dealt with a difficult situation

Behavior and skill-based outcomes are best measured by _____. surveys interviews focus groups observations

observations

Appropriate training outcomes need to discriminate. This means that _____. tests given to employees before and after a training program should differ trainees should be asked to take a reliable test that includes items for which the meaning or interpretation change over time trainees' performance on the outcome should actually reflect true differences in performance different employees should be given different tests for measuring their performance on the same outcome

trainees' performance on the outcome should actually reflect true differences in performance

Front-line supervisors are likely most concerned with which training outcomes? Reactions Return on expectations (ROE) Cognitive outcomes Behavior and skill-based outcomes

Behavior and skill-based outcomes

Which of the following instances call for training with an emphasis on far transfer? Securing offices and buildings Handling routine client questions Creating a new product Logging into computers and using software

Creating a new product

Which of the following statements is most true of Traditionalists? They don't mind being put on the spot in front of other trainees, unlike Boomers. They dislike trainers asking them to share their experiences or anecdotes. They prefer dynamic learning environments. They value direct presentation of information that is organized logically.

They value direct presentation of information that is organized logically.

Millennials like to learn by working alone and helping others to learn. True False

True

Which of the following statements best differentiates formative evaluation from summative evaluation? Formative evaluation mainly involves collecting quantitative data, whereas summative evaluation involves collecting qualitative data. Formative evaluation takes place on the completion of training, whereas summative evaluation takes place during program design and development. Formative evaluation focuses on how to make a training program better, whereas summative evaluation helps to determine the extent to which trainees have changed after training. Formative evaluation includes measuring the monetary benefits that a company receives from a training program, whereas summative evaluation measures beliefs and opinions of the trainees.

Formative evaluation focuses on how to make a training program better, whereas summative evaluation helps to determine the extent to which trainees have changed after training.