Exam 2 Real

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

LDL

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

avocado

Which of the following foods or beverages is a main source of added sugar in American diets?

regular soft drinks

Certain fish, such as salmon, are rich sources of

omega-33 fatty acids

The chemical attraction between the acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid can form a ________.

peptide bond

Tertiary structure is a protein's final _____ form.

three-dimensional

Fiber-rich diets contribute to weight loss by causing a person to feel full.

true

Intestinal bacteria produce gases when they metabolize fiber

true

Plants make glucose from carbon dioxide and water

true

Which of the following fatty acids is an omega-3 fatty acid found almost exclusively in fatty fish?

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

Which of the following forms of carbohydrates is absorbed in the small intestine?

Galactose

April wants to add ________ to her salad, because the food is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fats.

walnuts

Consumption of trans fats has been associated with which of the following risk factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease?

Low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol

A triglyceride has 3 fatty acids bonded to glycerol, which acts as a backbone for their attachment.

true

Plants use glucose to make fiber and starch.

true

Refined carbohydrates do not satisfy hunger as well as proteins and fats, which may lead to an excessive consumption of calories.

true

Lily is 22 years of age. She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, protein should comprise ________% of her total energy intake.

10 to 35

Katrina is 20 years of age. She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, what is her range of protein intake?

180 to 630 kcal/day

Bill recorded his food intake for a week and then used a computerized dietary analysis program to analyze his diet record. According to the results of the analysis, his average fat intake was ________% of total calories each day, which is within the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.

25%

If Kara's body weight is 120 pounds, her RDA for protein is approximately

44 g

If a person's RDA for protein is 65 g, they weigh approximately ________ kg.

82

Which of the following plant oils contains the highest amount of saturated fat per tablespoon?

Coconut oil

________ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual function.

Denaturation

what is a major sign of protein-energy malnutrition

Edema

Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when the blood glucose level is too high.

False

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

Fat-free milk

Which of the following characteristics or conditions increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Hypertension

____ involves making dietary choices based on your genetic makeup.

Personalized nutrition

Which of the following is a sign of Kwashiorkor, not Marasmus?

Protruding abdomen

Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of ________.

butter and beef

Fred is a lactovegetarian. Which of the following foods does he eat?

cheese

Which of the following foods naturally contains cholesterol?

chicken

You would like to bake a special birthday cake for a friend who has celiac disease. The original cake recipe is made with eggs, flour, milk, sugar, vanilla, and butter. To make a cake that is safe for your friend to consume, you plan to substitute ________ for the ________ in the recipe.

cornmeal; flour

The cholesterol carried by oxidized is taken up by certain arterial cells and

deposited in plaque

The human digestive tract does not produce enzymes that

digest dietary fiber

Which of the following substances is a simple carbohydrate?

fructose

The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are

galactose, glucose, and fructose.

Phil is a healthy college student. When he wakes up in the morning, he can't wait to eat breakfast. While he is asleep and before he consumes food or beverages, his pancreas secretes ________ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal limits.

glucagon

In the human intestinal tract, cooked rice is broken down into ________ molecules that can be absorbed.

glucose

Nervous system cells burn mostly ________ for energy.

glucose

Insulin

helps glucose enter cells.

In the stomach, ________ participate in the chemical digestion of protein.

hydrochloric acid and pepsin

Betty is constipated; she generally has bowel movements only twice a week. To help relieve her constipation without taking medications, Betty should

increase her intake of foods that contain insoluble fiber

Clayton is a 19-year-old college student. He avoids milk, because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach and gives him intestinal "gas." However, he can eat yogurt and certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms. Based on this information, Clayton probably has

lactose intolerance

A chylomicron is a type of ________.

lipoprotein

A child with protein-energy malnutrition has a high risk of dying from ________.

measles

Lactose is the disaccharide in

milk

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. The only other elements in the compound are hydrogen and oxygen. Based on this information, the compound is a(n) ________ fatty acid.

saturated

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

soluble fiber

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

soybean oil

Major functions of lipids include all of the following EXCEPT ________.

stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals

Which of the following foods is a rich source of saturated fat and cholesterol?

whole milk

Final digestion of proteins occurs in the absorptive cells of the ______.

Large intestine

Owen usually consumes about 3000 kcal/day. On average, his fat intake is approximately 80 g/day. Based on this information, which of the following statements describes Owen's diet?

Owen's fat intake is within the AMDR.

Compared to most unsaturated fatty acids, a trans fatty acid ________.

has at least one double bond with hydrogen atoms on opposite sides of the hydrocarbon chain at the position of the double bond

Compared to a triglyceride molecule, an amino acid molecule ________.

has nitrogen in its chemical structure