Exam 2 study guide questions

68. People who have the anxiety disorder known as agoraphobia fear what type of situation?

fear of being trapped or stranded in public place during panic attack

70. The symptoms of social anxiety disorder involve, specifically, which types of thoughts and feelings?

fear of being watched by others

79. Within Dr. Emerson's study on loneliness, who in the sample was more likely to report being lonely?

female, not married with medical problems

10. The nephron is the cell responsible for the efficiency of which organ in the body?

kidney

16. The adrenopause observed in older adults reflects age-related changes in which hormone?

DHEA

48. Unlike memory loss caused by Alzheimer's disease, the symptoms of vascular dementia may be:

FAST

23. Which of the following is a documented risk factor for developing cataracts?

smoking

44. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is almost always caused by:

smoking

74. Researchers studying borderline personality disorder tendencies in older adults found those high in neuroticism to be more likely to show ______________ in which they create more problems in their lives.

stress generation

14. The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is controlled by which set of hormones in the endocrine system?

thyroid

53. Which neurotransmitter is thought to be involved in the memory loss of Alzheimer's disease?

acetylcholine

35.A true Mediterranean diet would include relatively little of which type of food?

dairy and red meats

62. Symptoms of depression in persons over the age of 65 are more likely to take which form compared to symptoms shown in younger adults?

dysphoria (sad mood), guilt, low self esteem, suicidal thoughts

33. The "stroke" belt received its name because people living in this region tend to:

eat high fat diet

46. The increased release of elastase stimulated by cigarette smoking is thought to be a cause of which disease?

emphysema

37. People living in the "cancer belt" are at particular risk for which form of cancer?

esophagus

76. What was the goal of the loneliness study done by Dr. Emerson?

examine health care utilization

6. An 80-year-old woman is suffering from limited range of motion due to degenerative changes in her knees, shoulders, and wrists. If you were her physical therapist, you might suggest that she offset these changes by engaging primarily in:

flexibility

28. The behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases in later adulthood include tobacco smoking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and:

lack of sleep?

49. The family of an 83-year-old woman is distressed to learn that her recent development of the inability to get herself dressed, along with other memory problems, suggests that she is in which stage of Alzheimer's disease?

late

25. Experts worry that future generations of older adults will experience more age-related hearing loss due to which preventable behavior?

loud music

52. In Alzheimer's disease, neurofibrillary tangles cause what changes to occur within the brain?

malfunctions in communications between neurons and eventual death of neuron

20. Older adults may be more alert in the morning, and younger adults in the evening, reflecting age differences in:

melatonin

61. When mental health parity for Medicare was passed in 2008 by the U.S. Congress, this meant that older adults could receive which benefit?

mental health reimbursement

81. Within Dr. Emerson's study on physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk, which group of people were at highest risk for cardiovascular disease?

mexican americans

40. A 72-year-old woman has been told by her physician that, because she is obese, she is putting increased weight on her joints, thus increasing her risk of developing the musculoskeletal disease known as:

osteoarthritis

38. Exposure to the asbestos increases an individual's risk of developing _______ cancer.

ovarian

3. A BMI in the range of 25-29.9 places the individual in the category of:

overweight

43. Diabetes can be traced to the abnormal functioning of which bodily organ?

pancreas

57. In ________________ disease, the individual primarily suffers from disturbances in motor functioning, including having tremors, shuffling gait, and difficulties maintaining balance.

parkinsons

21. Middle-aged and older adults wear bifocals to correct for which age-related change in the eyes?

presbyopia

58. Unlike the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), the International Classification of Diseases makes possible diagnosis of which conditions?

psychological

45. A 65-year-old man smoked all his life and now has ____________, a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

COPD

59. The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder is estimated to be ____%.

16.6%

65. Based on prevalence data, older adults with bipolar disorder were most likely to have developed it by the time they reached the age of about:

25

73. What is the approximate percent of adults 50 to 54 who use illicit drugs?

9.3

34. Metabolic syndrome, a condition that places an individual at risk for heart disease and diabetes, involves which of the following criteria for women?

abdominal obesity >35 HDL cholesterol <30

47. Destruction of the _______________ is a consequence of emphysema.

alveoli

8. One of the primary causes of aging of the respiratory system involves changes in the air sacs known as the:

alveoli

51. Which disorder is thought to be caused in part by malfunction of the APP gene?

alzheimers

66. Of the following, which category of disorders has the highest lifetime prevalence?

anxiety

64. Depressive symptoms can place the older adult at risk for developing which other diseases or conditions?

arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome

11. The text recommends that the best advice for an older adult trying to maintain his or her digestive functioning is to:

balanced diet among foods containing proteins, complex carbs, fats

50. The plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease are made up of which substance?

beta amlyoids

5. One of the reasons that gerontologists are concerned about falls in older adults causing serious fractures is that bone loss is typically most likely to occur in the:

center of body

1. Changes with age in the dermis layer of the skin are associated with age-related alterations in which protein, also found in connective tissue throughout the body?

collagen

26. The World Health Organization defines health as having which qualities?

complete physical, mental, social well being

15. Melatonin supplements, occasionally used by older adults to offset changes with age, may have unwanted effects such as:

confusion, drowsiness, headaches

30. In the disease known as ________________, the heart cannot distribute enough blood throughout the body to reach the major organs, causing the tissues to swell with fluid.

congestive heart failure

55. Psychologists diagnosing Alzheimer's disease look for which key symptom in its early stage?

forgetting names of good friends or family

67. A 45-year-old man Is concerned because his 70-year-old mother seems unusually restless, tense, irritable, and prone to worrying. It is possible that his mother has developed which psychological disorder?

generalized anxiety

24. A build-up of pressure within the eyeball is involved in which form of blindness that affects older adults?

glaucoma

13. The somatopause of aging involves changes in which hormones?

growth

2. A 55-year-old man has a common age-related condition known as androgenic alopecia. This means that he is experiencing:

hair loss

31. You're the health care professional treating a 72-year-old woman who you determine suffers from arteriosclerosis. In explaining this condition to her, you inform her that this condition specifically is defined as involving:

hardening of arteries

69. Of all forms of specific phobia, which of the following is most prevalent in the adult population?

heights/animals

72. In the disorder known as _______________, individuals continually collect objects that they don't need, are unable to throw out those objects, and may clutter up their homes to the point of being almost unlivable.

hoarding

82. The results of Dr. Emerson's study propose what physical activity recommendations for older adults?

moderate intense physical activity

4. Sarcopenia is associated with age-related changes in the___________:

muscle mass

18. Because neurons do not replace themselves when they die, proponents of the ___________ model believe that aging inevitably involves declines in brain structures and functions.

neuron fallout

19. The concept of plasticity in the nervous system refers to the fact that:

neurons which remain alive are able to take over the functions that die

71. A 67-year-old woman is constantly organizing and re-organizing her kitchen cabinets, wanting every cup, plate, glass, and utensil to be in exactly the "right" place. Her behavior causes her distress, and although she would like to stop, she can't help herself. This behavior would be

ocd

78. What may be a reason as to why older adults who report loneliness are more likely to seek out medical assistance?

talk to someone

54. The condition known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is used in cases involving:

the memory loss that may progress to alzheimers

39. Which group in the population is at particularly high risk for developing osteoporosis?

women