Exam 2:6

1 meter = _____ centimeters.

100

One function of the central vacuole in plant cells is facilitating cell growth: the central vacuole absorbs water and increases in size, expanding the volume and size of the plant cell while doing so. Animal cells, however, do not grow by this method. What is an essential difference between animal and plant cells that could explain how a plant cell can withstand this expansion of the central vacuole?

The plant cell wall provides a more rigid structure.

lysosomes are found in animal, plant, or both?

animal

nucleus is found in animal, plant, or both?

animals and plants

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) are found in animal, plant, or both?

both animal and plant

__________ is the most prevalent glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix

collagen

The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together.

desmosomes

Which technique allowed scientists to figure out that all cells, and not just muscle cells, contained actin filaments?

electron microscopy

What changes would you expect to see in the liver cells of someone suffering from chronic alcoholism? a) increased levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity b)decreased levels of nuclear permeability c)decreased levels of DNA synthesis d)increased levels of mitochondrial activity

increased levels of endoplasmic reticulum activity

Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in cells that are _____.

metabolically active

The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of _____.

microtubules

When elongated, tube-shaped cells from the lining of the intestine are treated with a certain chemical, the cells sag and become rounded. The internal structures disrupted by this chemical are probably __________.

microtubules

Digestive cells produce and secrete many enzymes that break down ingested food. These cells have a large number of ribosomes __________.

on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Mitochondria are found in _____.

plant cells and animal cells

cell wall is found in animal, plant, or both?

plants

chloroplasts are found in animal, plant, or both?

plants

In plants, __________ are the cell junctions that allow the free exchange of small molecules that assist in communication. In animal cells, similar cell junctions are known as __________.

plasmodesmata ... gap junctions

Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing the substances needed by the cell? a)vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum b)lysosome, vacuole, ribosome c)smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole d)ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Pancreatic cells produce large amounts of protein. About how many ribosomes would you expect there to be in a pancreatic cell?

several million

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.

secrete a lot of material

_____ aid in the coordination of the activities of adjacent animal cells.

Gap (communicating) junctions

What do the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes have in common?

They are constructed of interrelated membranes.

Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the passage of materials?

tight juntions

Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic? a)the presence or absence of a rigid cell wall b)whether or not the cell contains DNA c)whether or not the cell is partitioned into compartments by internal membranes d)the presence or absence of ribosomes

whether or not the cell is partitioned into compartments by internal membranes