Exam 3

Positioner

An appliance used to retain teeth in their desired position

1. Contouring pliers 2. Band Removing Pliers 3. Bracket Placement Tweezers 4. Orthodontic Scaler 5. Bite Stick

1

Orthodontics includes these following types of treatment

1) Straightening teeth that are rotated, tilted, or otherwise improperly aligned 2) Corrects crowded or unevenly spaced teeth 3) Corrects bite problems 4) aligns the upper and lower jaws

Determine if a treatment option is classified as a preventive, an interceptive or a corrective orthodontic procedure. ____Space maintainers ____Secondary tooth extraction ____Palatal expander fixed appliance ____Decay control ____Arch wires, brackets and bands 1. Preventive treatment 2. Interceptive treatment 3. Corrective treatment

1,2,2,1,3

Place in order from first to last the events in placing a stainless steel crown on a primary tooth. ____Remove the tooth's enamel with a highspeed handpiece and diamond burs. ____Trim the crown to the right height. ____Smooth the rough edges of the crown. ____Anesthetize the patient ____Remove the excess glass ionomer cement.

2,3,4,1,5

Edward has come in today for root canal therapy to treat the periapical abscess associated with his maxillary right central incisor. Dr. Reamer will be completing the procedure in one visit. With this information in mind, answer the following questions. 1. In what order will Dr. Reamer complete the following steps? ____administer anesthetic ____access preparation ____working length radiograph ____drying the canals ____temporary restoration placement ____obturation ____remove excess gutta percha with a heated instrument. ____debridement & irrigation

1,2,3,5,8,6,7,4

Place in order from first to last the appointments needed to begin corrective orthodontic care. ____Consultation ____Case presentation ____Records appointment ____Banding and bracketing

1,3,2,4

1. Contouring pliers 2. Band Removing Pliers 3. Bracket Placement Tweezers 4. Orthodontic Scaler 5. Bite Stick

2

Match the pediatric patient age to its appropriate definition. ____The patient's age measured in their intellectual abilities. ____The patient's age measured in the number of years and months he or she has been alive ____the patient's age measured by how well they behave in various situations. 1. Chronologic age 2. Mental age 3. Emotional age

2,1,3

Determine whether each item is a physical restraint or pharmacological restraint method used in pediatric dentistry ____Fentanyl- a sedative ____Nitrous oxide ____Holding the child's hands ____Papoose board 1. Physical restraint 2. Pharmacologic restraint

2,2,1,1

The Frankl scale is scale is a tool used to rate a patient's behavior. Match the scale rating to its appropriate scenario. ____Alexandra doesn't seems very happy to be in the office to have her teeth polished. When you explain to her that she needs to sit still so you can wash out the cavity bugs, she wiggles around making it hard for you to polish her teeth. ____Braelin sits in you chair for a coronal polishing and is a little hesitant to open her mouth. Once you show her how the polishing cup feels on her finger nail, she opens her mouth and cooperates. ____When you greet Aki and invite him into the treatment area, he is all smiles and asks if you have bubble gum flavored tooth paste to polish his teeth. ____Gary refused to open his mouth to let the dental healthcare team examine his oral cavity.

2,3,4,1

Match the treatment record to its purpose in treatment planning orthodontic care. ____A radiograph used to produce a tracing that allows for analysis of growth patterns and determine the proper course a treatment. Provides a lateral view showing the patient's facial profile. ____Intraoral and extraoral images of the patient's mouth and face used to evaluate the patient's bilateral symmetry, lip protrusion and facial and oral proportions. ____A radiograph used to view the eruption process and determine the amount of space available for unerupted teeth. ____Questions used to determine the patient's overall health, oral habits, and any conditions that might affect orthodontic treatment. ____Visual inspection of the patient's oral cavity to determine the patient's overall oral health, the occlusal relationship of the maxillae to the mandible, and functional characteristics of the jaws. ____A three dimensional model of the patient's mouth used to evaluate the patient's classification of malocclusion. 1. Panoramic radiograph 2. Cephalometric radiograph 3. Study models (diagnostic casts) 4. Photographs 5. Medical/dental history 6. Clinical exam

2,4,1,5,6,3

Place in order from first to last the steps to completing a banding and bracketing appointment. ____Fit and contour orthodontic molar bands ____Apply filled resin to back of the orthodontic bracket ____Place the cheek retractors ____Coronal polishing to remove plaque ____Cement orthodontic molar bands ____Condition teeth with phosphoric acid ____Apply and light cure unfilled bonding resin ____Place the bracket on the tooth and light cure the filled resin material

2,7,4,1,3,5,6,8

1. Contouring pliers 2. Band Removing Pliers 3. Bracket Placement Tweezers 4. Orthodontic Scaler 5. Bite Stick

3

Match the vocabulary word to the appropriate description ___ necrotic pulp ___ irreversible pulpitis ___ reversible pulpitis ___ vital pulp 1. Inflammation of the pulp that can only be solved through root canal therapy or extraction 2. inflammation of the pulp that can be resolved with a temporary sedative filling material 3. dead or dying pulpal tissue 4. healthy living pulp

3, 1, 2, 4

Match the term to the appropriate description ___ irrigation ___ obturation ___ debridement 1. Remove necrotic dentin from canal walls. 2. Fill empty canals with sealer and gutta percha 3. Use of sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide or parachlorophenol to rinse debris from and disinfect the canals

3, 2, 1

Match the term to its appropriate definition. ____ Rinsing pulp canals _____ Securing arch wires in brackets _____ Attaching orthodontic bands to teeth _____ Filling empty canals _____ Removal of bacteria, necrotic tissue and organic debris 1. Debridement 2. Obturation 3. Irrigation 4. Ligation 5. Cementation

3,4,5,2,1

1. Contouring pliers 2. Band Removing Pliers 3. Bracket Placement Tweezers 4. Orthodontic Scaler 5. Bite Stick

4

1. Hedstrom File 2. Reamer 3. Barbed Broach 4. Spiral paste filler (Lentulo Sprial) 5. Gates glidden bur

4, 2, 1, 3, 5

Match the test with the appropriate description —- electric pulp testing ___ thermal sensitivity hot test ___ thermal sensitivity cold test ___ percussion test 1. Tapping on suspect & adjacent teeth & looking for a pain response when pressure is applied to the tooth. 2. Touching ice to the cervical portion of the tooth to observe a pain response 3. Touching a warmed instrument to the facial surface of a tooth to observe a pain response 4. sending current through a tooth measuring how high the number is before the patient responds in pain

4, 3, 2, 1.

Match the dental emergency to its description and treatment recommendations. ____Re-implant the tooth and splint it to adjacent teeth for stabilization; follow up with root canal therapy. ____7 year-old Liam fell and cracked off the incisal 1/3 of teeth 8 and 9 ____Reposition the tooth and splint it to adjacent teeth for stabilization. ____Allow the tooth the re-erupt normally. ____Mia was playing soccer as a goalie when the ball hit her squarely in the face. When she got up off the ground, her teammate noticed that Mia was bleeding and her maxillary anterior teeth were missing. ____Olivia tripped hit teeth #9 and #10 on the arm of a nearby chair. The dentist noted upon examination that only the incisal 1/3 of tooth #10 was visible in the mouth- it was previously fully erupted. ____Elijah was not wearing a helmet and fell off his bike. The dentist saw that tooth #7 was partially displaced out of its alveolus. ____Temporarily restore teeth 7-10 with composite restorations until the patient is an adult and a ceramic crown can be completed. 1. Anterior tooth fracture 2. Traumatic intrusion 3. Traumatic extrusion/lateral luxation 4. Avulsion

4,1,3,2,4,2,3,1

Match the supply to the appropriate use ___ gutta percha ___ rubber dam material ___ paper points ___ Endodontic sponge and holder ___ rubber stops ___ anesthetic needle 1) Dries the canals 2) Isolates the tooth and protects the oral cavity 3) Marks the working length of the file 4) Obturates the canals 5) Organizes the files 6) Places anesthetic in the right spot

4,2,1,5,3,6

1. Contouring pliers 2. Band Removing Pliers 3. Bracket Placement Tweezers 4. Orthodontic Scaler 5. Bite Stick

5

Match the procedure to the appropriate description ___ indirect pulp capping ___ pulpectomy ___ Apicectomy ___ root amputation ___ direct pulp capping ___ hemisection ___ pulpotomy 1. Removal of the tip of the root to clear up a lingering infection 2. Removal of one radicular structure where it meets the crown 3. Removal of the coronal pulp and leaving the radicular portion 4. Removal of the coronal and radicular pulp 5. Placing calcium hydroxide directly on an exposed pulp 6. placing calcium hydroxide on a thin later of dentin that covers the coronal pulp 7. Removal of one root and part of the crown especially in mandibular molars

6, 4, 1, 2, 5, 7, 3

Match the endodontic instrument to the use during root canal therapy ___ Lentulo spiral ___ K-type and Hedstrom files ___ Endodontic explorer ___ Locking cotton pliers ___ Glick #1 ___ Endodontic spreader ___ Barbed broach ___ Gates Glidden bur 1) Enlarges the opening to the canal for better access. 2) Condenses gutta percha in the canal. 3) Transfer paper point and gutta percha to the dentist. 4) Locates the opening of the canal. 5) Removes necrotic dentin from the canal walls. 6) Removes pulp from the canal. 7) Places Endodontic sealer into the canals. 8) Cuts the gutta percha length when heated.

7,5,4,3,8,2,6,1

Rachel is a fourteen year-old girl who has come in today for banding and bracketing of her maxillary arch to begin treatment of her malocclusion. With this information in mind, answer the following questions: 3. In what order will these events happen during this appointment? ____Remove excess cement and bonding ____Place the brackets on the teeth ____Remove plaque from teeth with pumice ____Fit the bands to the teeth ____Remove the separators ____Cement the bands ____Condition enamel with acid etch ____Light cure the filled resin bonding

8,6,2,3,1,4,5,7

Rachel is a fourteen year-old girl who has come in today for banding and bracketing of her maxillary arch to begin treatment of her malocclusion. With this information in mind, answer the following questions: 1. What happened at Rachel's last appointment? A) Dr. Ligament's assistant placed separators B) Impressions were taken for study models C) Her teeth were acid etched D) Dr. Ligament presented his case plan to Rachel's parents

A

Rachel is a fourteen year-old girl who has come in today for banding and bracketing of her maxillary arch to begin treatment of her malocclusion. With this information in mind, answer the following questions: 2. What will Dr. Ligament apply to teeth 2, 3, 14 & 15? A) Orthodontic bands B) Orthodontic ligatures C) Orthodontic expanders D) Orthodontic springs E) Orthodontic brackets

A

Severe malocclusion and dental facial deformities, both of which can cause social stigma and have a negative impact a patient's self esteem, are examples of _____. A) a psychosocial function adversity B) an oral function adversity C) dental disease adversity D) functional adversity

A

The natural rubber material used to obturate the pulpal canal after treatment is completed is called _____. A) Gutta percha B) hydrogen peroxide C) calcium hydroxide D) silver points

A

The radiograph most commonly exposed for an orthodontic patient for is the _____. A) cephalometric radiograph B) full mouth series of radiographs C) bitewing radiograph D) panograph

A

Distoclusion

A class II malocclusion in which the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes mesial to the mesiobuccal groove of the mandibular first molar

Arch wire

A contoured metal wire that provides force when teeth are guided in movement

Periradicular cyst

A cyst the developed at or near the root of a necrotic tooth

Separator

A device made from wire or elastic and used to separate molars before fitting and placement of orthodontic bands

Open bite

A lack of vertical overlap of the maxillary incisors, creating an opening of the anterior teeth

Bracket

A small device bonded to teeth to hold the arch wire in place

Acid etch is used to prepare the enamel before bonding orthodontic brackets. A) True B) False

A) true

Arch wires apply the force that moves teeth during orthodontic treatment. A) True B) False

A) true

Improper or inadequate oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment could result in rampant tooth decay, periodontal disease and tooth loss. A) True B) False

A) true

The face bow of an orthodontic head gear fits into the buccal tubes on first molar bands. A) True B) False

A) true

The vocabulary term that means tying the arch wire into place is ligating. A) True B) False

A) true

Thermal pulp testing may be done with either ice or a heated instrument. A) True B) False

A) true

Working file length is measured in millimeters and rubber stoppers are used to mark that length. A) True B) False

A) true

Edward has come in today for root canal therapy to treat the periapical abscess associated with his maxillary right central incisor. Dr. Reamer will be completing the procedure in one visit. With this information in mind, answer the following questions. 3. Which of the following solutions are recommended for irrigation of the canals? (Select all that apply; This is graded all or nothing) A) sodium hypochlorite B) hydrogen peroxide C) chlorhexidine digluconate D) iodophor

A,B

Which of the following are devices that aid in tooth position retention following the removal of a fixed appliance? (Choose all that apply) A) Lingual arch wire retainer B) Orthodontic positioner C) Space maintainer D) Hawley retainer E) Palatal expander

A,B,D

Which of the following are parts of a fixed orthodontic appliance? (Choose all that apply) A) Arch wires B) Molar bands C) Space maintainers D) Separator E) Brackets

A,B,E

Dental arch wires used to apply force to teeth can be held in place by _____. A) wire ligature ties B) dental cement C) elastomeric ties D) "self ligating" brackets

A,C,D

Select the instruments and supplies needed to fit and apply orthodontic bands. A) glass ionomer powder and liquid B) orthodontic wax C) masking tape D) contouring pliers E) temporary cement F) elastic ligature ties G) mixing spatula H) band pusher or bite stick

A,C,D,G,H

Pulpal nerve damage can occur from _____. (Choose all that apply. This is graded as all or nothing) A) trauma B) lack of dietary calcium C) insufficient nerve stimulation D) physical irritation

A,D

Select the dietary items that should be avoided by patients who have braces. (Choose all that apply) A) Chewing gum with xylitol B) Raisins C) Lasagna D) Pepperoni pizza E) Chicken noodle soup F) Jolly rancher hard candies

A,b,f

Class 2 Malocclusion

Also known as distoclusion, mandible is in an abnormal distal relationship to the maxilla

Retainer

An appliance used for maintaining the positions of the teeth and jaws after orthodontic treatment

Headgear

An external orthodontic appliance that is used to control growth and tooth movement

Cephalometric

An extraoral radiograph of the bones and tissues of the head

Braces

Another term for fixed orthodontic appliances

Direct pulp cap

Application of dental material with an exposed or nearly exposed dental pulp

Round wires

Are used during the initial and intermediate stages of treatment

Edward has come in today for root canal therapy to treat the periapical abscess associated with his maxillary right central incisor. Dr. Reamer will be completing the procedure in one visit. With this information in mind, answer the following questions. 4. If this procedure should fail, what other treatment options would Edward have if he wanted to keep the tooth? A) extraction B) apicoectomy with retrograde restoration C) root amputation D) hemisection

B

Sticky foods should be avoided during orthodontic treatment because they _____. A) weaken cement beneath bands causing bands to loosen and attack tooth enamel causing cavities B) loosen bands & brackets, pull out ligature ties, and bend arch wires C) may lodge between bands and beneath arch wires, causing irritation to gingival tissues D) loosen bands and dislodge elastomeric arch wire ties

B

A palatal expander is a type of preventative orthodontic appliance that could help correct a crossbite. A) True B) False

B) false

Arch wires come in two types of shapes; round and triangular. A) True B) False

B) false

Complete removal of one root, especially with maxillary molars is called a hemisection. A) True B)False

B) false

Orthodontic brackets are applied to canines, premolars and molars to hold the arch wire in place. A) True B) False

B) false

The air water syringe is used to dry canals after irrigation, before obturation. A) True B) False

B) false

What factors can contribute to a failure of root canal therapy? A) adequate bone support B) unfilled accessory canal C) root dilacerated root D) fractured root

B, C, D

Select the instrument and supplies needed to apply orthodontic brackets to teeth A) Separators B) phosphoric acid gel C) bracket placement tweezers D) glass ionomer cement E) unfilled resin bonding agent F) Paper points

B,C,E

Select the instruments and supplies that are used to apply the orthodontic arch wires. A) separating springs B) elastic ligature ties C) orthodontic wax D) wire ligature ties E) mosquito hemostats F) band remover pliers G) self-ligating brackets H) elastic chain ties I) gutta percha

B,D,E,G,H

The most common symptom of pulpal damage is _____. A) leukoplakia B) petechiae C) pain when occluding D) ecchymosis

C

The treatment that is used to attempt to save the pulp and encourage the formation of dentin at the site of the injury is _____. A) a pulpotomy B) a pulpectomy C) pulp capping D) an apicoectomy

C

Which treatment appointment is completed 1-2 weeks prior to banding and bracketing? A) Taking progress pictures B) Cementing a lingual arch wire C) Placement of separators D) Changing the arch wire

C

Class II occlusion _____. A) is a normal molar relationship B) is mesiocclusion C) is distocclusion D) the maxillary first molar's buccal cusp is mesial to the mandibular first molar's mesial buccal groove

C,D

When the pulp displays symptoms of lingering pain and the clinical diagnostic findings show that the pulp is incapable of healing, _____. A) indirect pulp capping is a treatment option. B) direct pulp capping is a treatment option. C) root canal therapy is a treatment option. D) an extraction is a treatment option.

C,D

Pulpectomy

Complete removal of vital pulp from a tooth

Crowding

Condition that occurs when teeth are not properly aligned within the arch

class 1 malocclusion

Consists of a normal relationship with molars but anterior teeth will be out of alignment with malpositioned or rotated teeth

Orthodontic fixed appliances are also known as _____. A) Hawley retainers B) separators C) clear "aligners" D) braces

D

Edward has come in today for root canal therapy to treat the periapical abscess associated with his maxillary right central incisor. Dr. Reamer will be completing the procedure in one visit. With this information in mind, answer the following questions. 2. According to the standard of care how will Dr. Reamer isolate the tooth? A) cotton roll isolation facial and lingual B) cotton roll isolation facial only C) rubber dam isolation of teeth numbers 7, 8 and 9 for better access D) rubber dam isolation of only tooth #9 E) rubber dam isolation of only tooth #8

E

Percussion

Examination technique that involves tapping on the incisal or occlusal surface of a tooth to assess vitality

Overjet

Excessive protrusion of the maxillary incisors

Hemisection

Surgical separation of multirooted tooth through the fur action area

Irreversible pulpitis

Infectious condition in which the pulp is incapable of healing which would then require root canal therapy

Pulpitis

Inflammation of pulp

Periodontal abscess

Inflammation reaction to bacteria trapped in the periodontal sulcus

Ligature

Light wire used to hold the arch wire in its bracket

Abscess

Localized area of pus originating from an infection

Perforation

Making a hole, as in breaking through and extending beyond the apex of the root

Fetal molding

Pressure applied to the jaw, causing a distortion

Acute

Pertaining to a traumatic, pathological or physiological occurrence or process that has a short and relatively severe course

Indirect pulp cap

Placement of a medicament over a partially exposed pulp

Gutta percha

Plastic type filling material used in Endodontic

Obturation

Process of filling a root canal

Reversible amputation

Removal from one or more roots without removal of the crown of the tooth

Pulpotomy

Removal of the coronal portion of a vital pulp from a tooth

Retrograde restoration

Small restoration placed at the apex of a root

Band

Stainless steel ring attached to molars to hold the arch wire and auxiliaries for orthodontics

Dentofacial

Structures that include the teeth, jaws, and surrounding facial bones

Apical curettage

Surgical removal of infectious material surrounding the apex

Apicoectomy

Surgical removal of the apical portion of the tooth through a surgical opening made in the overlying bone and gingival tissue

Mesioclusion

Term used for class III malocclusion

Debridement

To remove or clean out the pupal canal

Palpation

Touching or feeling for abnormalities within soft tissue

Ectopic

abnormal direction of tooth eruption

Auxiliary

attachments located on brackets and bands that hold arch wires and elastics in place

Cross-bite

condition that occurs when a tooth is not properly aligned with its opposing tooth

Class 3 Malocclusion

the body of the mandible is in an abnormal mesial relationship to the maxillary

Square or rectangular wires

used during the final stages of treatment to position the crown and the root in the correct maxillary and mandibular relationship