Exam 3

Sally has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but can't vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to speak is the:

Broca's area

saltatory conduction

Rapid transmission of a nerve impulse along an axon, resulting from the action potential jumping from one node of Ranvier to another, skipping the myelin-sheathed regions of membrane.

The mechanical force of contraction is generated by:

a sliding of thin filaments past thick ones

During skeletal muscle contraction, myosin heads attach to active sites of:

actin filaments

Axons transmit action potentials

away

_____ carry impulses toward the CNS.

Afferent neurons

Where might gray matter nucleus be located?

Alongside the vertebral column. Within the brain. Within the spinal cord.

The ridges of the cerebrum are called ________ and the groves between the ridges are called _____________.

gryi; sulci

Major centers concerned with autonomic function, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration is the

medula

The three major parts of the brain stem are the:

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

At the neuromuscular junction, the muscle fiber membrane is folded to form a:

motor end plate

Most of the neurons in the brain and spinal cord are

multipolar.

Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that are

myelinated

Which one of the following describes how the interior surface of a cell membrane of a polarized neuron differs from the external environment? The interior is:

negatively charged and contains less sodium

The visual cortex of the cerebrum is located in the ________.

occipital lobe

What produces myelin in the brain and spinal cord?

oligodendrocytes

Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?

receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

The function of the olfactory nerve concerns:

smell

A myelinated nerve fiber is characterized by being ______, whereas an unmyelinated nerve fiber is characterized by being ______.

white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord; gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord

The diencephalon has a direct connection to which endocrine organ?

The pituitary gland

ascending pathways

The systems of neurons that bring information up to the brain. Signals travel along three neurons. An example is the spinothalamic tract.

The cytoplasmic extensions that, together with the cell body, provide the main receptive surfaces for neurons are

dendrites

The neuron processes that normally receive incoming stimuli are called:

dendrites

Muscles and glands are:

effectors

Ciliated CNS neuroglia that line the cavities of the brain and spinal cord, and play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid, are:

ependymal cells

Which one of the following is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from outermost to innermost layer:

epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in:

the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

The part of the brain that lets you wake up or makes you alert is

the reticular activating system.