exam 3 ch10 activity

which statements are true about William Smith's discoveries? A.Not all fossil species are present in all locations. B.Using fossils, the relative order in which different rock layers were deposited is discernable. C.The relative vertical order of fossils is the same in all outcrops. D.Fossils are randomly distributed throughout the rock record.

A, B, C

In this relative age dating interactivity, order the geologic events chronologically from oldest to youngest, with the oldest being labeled "1st" and the youngest being labeled "4th."

A, B, C, D

select statements true of unconformities: A.There are three major types of unconformities. B.Unconformities represent periods of active deposition in the rock record. C.Unconformities represent periods of erosion in the rock record. D.Unconformities represent periods of nondeposition in the rock record.

A, C, D

This image shows strata exposed in the walls of the Grand Canyon. Identify the oldest and youngest rocks by dragging the labels to the appropriate location. Then answer the second part of the question below. which on is A and which is B

A: youngest B: oldest

select the statement that best describes the concept of fossil succession: A. There is a definite relative order in which certain, but not all, fossil species occur within the layers of rock on Earth. B. There is a definite relative order in which each fossil species occurs within the layers of rock on Earth. C. Fossils are randomly distributed throughout the rock record, and the succession through geologic time is irregular. D. As you go up in stratigraphy, fossils are older.

B

Above is an annotated image of the famous Siccar Point unconformity identified by James Hutton. Use the image to select all the true statements in the list below. A. The unconformity represents a gap in the rock record from the Cretaceous to the Devonian. B. This unconformity represents time in the rock record that we cannot account for. C. This unconformity is a nonconformity. D. This unconformity is a disconformity. E. The unconformity represents a gap in the rock record from the Silurian to the Devonian. F. This unconformity is an angular unconformity.

B, E, F

the image shows geological changes that occurred at different times. Identify the geologic features by placing the labels on the appropriate targets. what are each letter?

B: sedimentary A: baked contact E:normal fault C: dike D: pluton

The diagram depicts the distribution of rock units and structures in a given location. Indicate the type of unconformity shown and the type of underlying geologic structure by labeling the image. whats A,B and C

a: angular unconformity b: disconformity c: syncline

Geologists use the principle of fossil succession to determine relative ages. In order to do so, however, they must know what organisms existed when. Label the following image to show the periods during which these organisms existed.

a: cambrian f: permian I: triassic b: cretaceous h: pliocene c: holocene

classify the prominent unconformity shown in this illustration

angular unconformity

Although depositional environments (and the resulting rock types) can change over broad areas, fossils within the rocks allow geologists to correlate units despite any lithological differences. Below is an image of fossils found in an outcrop. A limestone in another outcrop 150 miles away contains fossils C and E. Which bed (labeled 1 through 10 on the image) does this limestone correlate to?

bed 6

Consult the stratigraphic column for the Grand Canyon in your text or ebook. identify the places where there is an unconformable contact.

between A and B between B and C between D and E

unconformities develop when new sedimentary layers accumulate atop old, eroded layers, resulting in a geologic hiatus. which of the illustration represents a disconformity?

illustration B

A number of geologic principles allow geologists to observe the relative ages of rocks. Which of these images illustrates the principle of inclusions?

image B and C

which form of geologic dating is best used to identify when each rock type formed?

numerical dating: - igneous - metamorphic relative dating: - sedimentary

place the following ages in order from oldest to youngest: - age of moon - age of earth - age of the oldest minerals on the earth - age of the oldest rocks on the earth

oldest 1. age of the earth 2. age of the moon 3. age of the oldest minerals on the earth 4. age of the oldest rocks on the earth

given the relationships shown in the block, what is the relative age of the features labeled, from oldest to youngest?

oldest: 1. sedimentary rocks 2. pluton 3. fault 4. dike

This outcrop of Precambrian and Paleozoic rocks in northern Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, provides a great example of the kinds of relative age relationships that geologists observe in the field. Put the features in order from oldest (bottom) to youngest (top). The rocks have not been overturned.

oldest: 1.felsic crystalline rocks 2. mafic intrusion 3. conglomerate 4. fault

why are geologists not able to date sedimentary rocks directly?

sedimentary rocks are younger than their composite minerals

order the steps in the formation of a nonconformity: - a granitic pluton intrudes sedimentary rock - sedimentary layers are deposited and lithified - erosion takes place, exposing the pluton at the surface - sedimentary deposition occurs again, covering the erosional surface

start: 1. sedimentary layers are deposited and lithified 2. a granitic pluton intrudes sedimentary rock 3. erosion takes place, exposing the pluton at the surface 4. sedimentary deposition occurs again, covering the erosional surface

order the steps in the formation of an angular unconformity. - erosion takes place - sediments are deposited and lithified - regional mountain building takes palce, and sedimentary layers are folded into anticlines - sediments are deposited on top of an erosional surface

start: 1. sediments are deposited and lithified 2. regional mountain building takes place, and sedimentary layers are folded into anticlines 3. erosion take place 4. sediments are deposited on top of an erosional surface

order the steps in the formation of a disconformity: - sea level fell, exposing marine deposits subaerially - erosion took place - sediments were deposited i a marine environment - sea level rose, covering the erosional surface, which was buried by marine sediments

start: 1. sediments were deposited in a marine environment 2. sea level fell, exposing marine deposits subaerially 3. erosion took place 4. sea level rose, covering the erosional surface, which was buried by marine sediments

The image shows an outcrop of granite and basalt with a pink area between them that records contact metamorphism. Use the concepts of inclusions and baked contacts to select which of the following statements best describes the relative age relationship between the granite and basalt.

the granite is older than the basalt

Place the units shown in the diagram into their order of occurrence by dragging labels into the correct position in the ranking (youngest at the top; oldest at the bottom). - dike H - fault F -bed E - batholith G - bed A

youngest: 1. bed e 2. dike h 3. batholith g 4. fault f 5. bed a

Put the names from the geologic column in order from oldest at the bottom to youngest at the top

youngest: 1. cenozoic 2. mesozoic 3. paleozoic 4. precambrian

Use the above drawings of stratigraphic columns in Bryce Canyon/Cedar Breaks, Zion Canyon/Painted Desert, and the Grand Canyon area, and the principles of cross correlation, to place the geologic formation in time order. curtis formation supai formation dakota sandstone vishnu schist wingate sandstone zoroaster granite

youngest: 1. dakota sandstone 2. curtis formation 3. wingate sandstone 4. supai formation 5. zoroaster granite 6. vishnu schist

Geologists use epochs to further divide geologic eras and periods. Put the following epochs from the Cenozoic Era in chronological order, from the earliest to the most recent.

youngest: 1. pliocene 2. miocene 3. oligocene 4. eocene 5. paleocene