exam 3 (chapters 12-16)
work facilitation
"Here's the goal, and here's what I can do to help you achieve it," is the statement that best corresponds to which path-goal theory?
supportive
"I want things to be pleasant, since everyone's about equal here," is the statement that best corresponds to which path-goal theory?
interaction facilitation
"Let's see how we can all work together to accomplish our goals," is the statement that best corresponds to which path-goal theory?
value-based
"We're destined to accomplish great things," is the statement that best corresponds to which path-goal theory?
b
"You scratch my back and I'll scratch yours" BEST describes the influence tactic known as __________ a. rational persuasion b. exchange tactics c. consultation d. ingratiating tactics
d
"consequences influence behavior" BEST describes which theory of motivation? a. expectancy theory b. equity theory c. acquired needs theory d. reinforcement theory
strategy map
A __________ __________ is a visual representation of the four perspectives of the balanced scorecard that enables managers to communicate their goals so that everyone in the company can understand how their jobs are linked to the overall objectives of the organization
b
A company that values innovation and creativity establishes a reward system based on suggestions for improvement and patents. This is an example of a control in the ___________ area. a. financial b. cultural c. bureaucratic d. physical
b
A fixed budget, also known as a static budget, has resources allocated on a single estimate of costs. That budget amount __________. a. must be adjusted over time b. cannot be adjusted over time c. is often adjusted over time d. is adjusted frequently during the budget period
c
A property manager for an office park is required to submit a monthly statement of income and expenses to the Board of Directors and report its performance to budget. This is an example of control in the __________ area. a. human resources b. physical c. financial d. informational
b
A web retailer observes several negative social media reviews over the past few weeks due to missed shipments of product. Which reason why control is needed does this best demonstrate? a. adapt to change and uncertainty b. discover irregularities and errors c. decentralized decision making d. detect opportunities
d
According to Fiedler's contingency leadership model, a situation in which a leader's decisions produce predictable results because he or she can influence work outcomes is characterized as a ___________ control situation a. restircted b. moderate c. low d. high
structure
According to Fiedler, the dimension of situational control referred to as task __________ is the extent to which subordinates perform unambiguous, easily understood, routine tasks.
b c
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, in order for Josephina to seek fulfillment of her love needs, she must first satisfy which of the following needs? a. esteem b. physiological c. safety d. self-actualization
c
According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, a "control freak" might be described as an individual with normal achievement needs, a low level of affiliation needs and a very high level of __________ needs. a. growth b. esteem c. power d. self-actualization
d
Alexis chooses to manage her team through a management-by-exception approach. She only becomes involved if there's a problem. Which of the following would BEST describe Alexis's leadership approach? a. servant leadership b. transformational leadership c. transactional leadership d. passive leadership
d
As she listens to her employee explain that she was absent due to her wife learning she has cancer, Miriam thinks about what it would be like to be in her employee's position and recognizes that she is both frightened and sad. Miriam is demonstrating __________. a. encoding b. earnestness c. decoding d. empathy
d
At Art's firm, employees are allowed to work four 10-hour days instead of five 8-hour days. This BEST describes which attempt to balance work and life? a. part-time work b. telecommuting c. job sharing d. flex-time
b
At the end of the year, Kavita compares each employee's performance to the standards that were set at the beginning of the year. Which step of the organizational control process does this exemplify? a. fourth b. third c. second d. first
d
Benita, Sanjay, Brian, and Sonja are studying the sales figures for the automobile industry in the last six months and will then recommend strategy adjustments for the auto manufacturing facility they work at. These four people are an example of a __________. a. skill b. department c. group d. team
d
Brad sends an email to his boss, asking for permission to attend a training seminar in Houston. This is an example of ___________ communication. a. downward b. lateral c. external d. upward
d
Brittani has worker long hours putting the finishing touches on a presentation to a major client, but she has a strong sense of self-satisfaction with her work and feels good about what she has accomplished. In terms of the model of motivation, this self-satisfaction would be categorized as __________. a. a learned helplessness b. an unfulfilled need c. an extrinsic reward d. an intrinsic reward
a c d
Bureaucratic control is characterized by the use of which of the following to guide performance? a. rules b. employee initiative c. regulations d. formal authority
b
Candidates for the management development program at GenCo Enterprises must first complete a personality assessment to determine their suitability for a leadership role. Based on this, it would appear that GenCo believes in the ____________ approach to leadership. a. contingency b. trait c. behavioral d. transformational
negative
Carlos worked overtime everyday last week and his boss didn't even say anything to him about his extra time. People who feel that they are being under-rewarded for their inputs/outputs on the job typically respond in a __________ (positive/negative) manner
social
Colin decided to use Facebook to announce the new product his company is introducing. Facebook is an example of ___________ media.
c
Connie's manager criticizes her for not including enough information on the report. The criticism she receives is an example of __________. a. social loafing b. adjourning c. conflict d. groupthink
a
Connor, Luke, and Mason are co-workers who meet regularly after work to talk about the latest video games on the market and strategies for improving their scores on the games. This is an example of a __________. a. group b. team c. department d. club
d
Deb is frustrated because while she assigns responsibilities to member to her staff, the human resource director makes any final decisions about staff bonuses. Which aspect of situational control is Deb concerned with? a. task oriented b. leader-member relations c. task structure d. position power
a
Deming management proposed ideas for making organizations more responsive, more democratic, and __________ a. less wasteful b. more profitable c. better controlled d. smaller
b
During an argument with a coworker, Analiese became increasingly hostile and profane. This would best be described as ___________ communication. a. nondefensive b. defensive c. nonverbal d. upward
d
During his short talk, the department head said, "The work we're doing on this NexGen idea draws on our office's large bandwidth to bring about a paradigm shift." His empty, impressive words, such as "NexGen" and "bandwidth," are examples of ____________. a. feedback b. paraphrasing c. jargon d. buzzwords
c
During the first staff meeting after Blake joined the company, he was completely confused by his coworkers' repeated references to the "PPAC committee" and "the next level drill-down." Blake experienced which barrier to communication? a. an encoding barrier b. nonverbal communication c. jargon d. a sender barrier
d
Ed set several goals for his new hire, who, despite working diligently, failed to meet several of them. According to goal-setting theory, Ed did not do which of the following? a. correctly motivate the employee through a strict schedule of micro-punishments b. give his employee complete autonomy to accomplish the goals with no feedback or guidance c. check all of his employee's work and give detailed feedback on each piece of it d. make sure his employee understood and accepted the goals
c
Erin realized that the arguing during a discussion was getting out of control, so she commented, "Before we all drive off a cliff, let's slow this car down and find some common ground." Her comment eased the tension in the room. Erin is demonstrating a(n) _________ role. a. coordination b. task c. maintenance d. completion
b
Frank asked a coworker for help on a project by saying, "I'm asking this as a friend. This is what friends do for one another. Can I count on you?" Frank is using which type of influence tactic? a. rational persuasion b. personal appeals c. pressure tactics d. exchange tactics
`b
Frank tells his manager, "After the problems we've had with our current supplier, it just makes sense to switch to a new supplier." What form of persuasion is Frank using? a. personal appeals b. rational persuasion c. consultation d. coalition tactics
c
Gina was frustrated when her credit card company sold its customer list to a telemarketing firm. She was not happy that her personal information was released and felt it violated her __________. a. losses b. identity c. privacy d. actualization
c
Gregor feels that other employees in his department are given more important tasks than he is. He doesn't understand why they are rewarded with these bigger projects because he has been working there as long as they have and has the same skill set. Which process perspective explains how Gregor feels? a. goal-setting theory b. expectancy theory c. equity theory d. hierarchy of needs theory
d
Gregor is furious with his manager because he has asked Gregor to produce a sales report by the end of the day. Gregor knowns he can't get all the numbers he needs until at least tomorrow because the head of sales is out of town until them. He is also sure that whenever he informs his manager of an obstacle or unrealistic goal, his manager's response is always to tell him to "get it done," which Gregor considers trite. What is the ultimate source of this conflict? a. opposing morals b. inexperience c. competition for resources d. personality conflict
a c e
Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics model is composed of three major elements. Identify those elements from the list below: a. work outcomes b. expectancy c. psychological states d. instrumentality e. core job characteristics
c
In Jack's work group, members are beginning to develop close interpersonal relationships that have led to an emerging sense of unity and harmony within the team. This is an example of the activities that will occur during the __________ stage of group development. a. storming b. performing c. norming d. forming
a
In order to increase variety and positively impact worker motivation, Grant Industries increases the number of tasks in each job on the assembly line. This practice is known as job __________. a. enlargement b. enrichment c. simplification d. specification
a
Jackson sends a memo to his staff announcing a project review meeting to be held the next day. This is an example of __________ communication. a. formal b. informal c. horizontal d. diagonal
expectancy
Jake is confident that if he studies hard for the next test, he'll earn a high score. In terms of motivation theory, this is an example of ___________.
b
Jamal calls a supplier to check on the delivery status of an order. This is an example of __________ communication. a. upward b. external c. informal d. horizontal
a
Jan is involved in an office debate. She plays the role of ___________, which involves voicing possible objections to proposals to generate critical thinking and reality testing. a. devil's advocate b. perspective critic c. dialectic advocate d. objective coach
c
Janeen's boss is so pleased with her sales performance during the past quarter that he gives her a bonus. In terms of the model of motivation, the bonus represents a(n) __________. a. behavior b. unfulfilled need c. extrinsic reward d. intrinsic reward
referent
Jon's employees have a lot of personal respect and admiration for him. As a result, they are very loyal to him. This is an example of __________ power.
a
Jonathan manages a department of ten people. Once he got to know each of the individual employees he realized it would be best for him to approach them with projects in different ways. For example, Susan likes to know the final goal of every project while Carson only wants the details of his task. Which type of leadership is based on having different relationships with different subordinates? a. leader-member exchange b. path-goal selection c. task-oriented d. charismatic inspiration
d
Jonathan's team has to decide whether or not to pursue a new business opportunity in Japan. He split the team into opposing sides and has them engage in role-playing to help them consider the decision from multiple perspectives. This is an example of __________ conflict. a. multicultural b. personality c. intragroup d. programmed
b
Jorge's firm has a mortgage on its factory in the amount of $540,000. It also owes $60,000 to a supplier. How would these amount be listed on the firm's balance sheet? a. current assets b. liabilities c. fixed assets d. revenues
c
Kendra is the type of transformational leader who provides motivation by offering a vision that inspires and energizes her staff. Kendra is an example of a ___________ leader. a. transactional b. servant c. charismatic d. task-oriented
insrumentality
Keri is confident that, if she exceeds her sales quota for the year, she'll be promoted to regional manager. This is an example of the __________ element of the expectancy theory.
b
Lois asks herself how badly she wants the bonus she could earn by working overtime on her current project. In terms of expectancy theory, this describes Lois's __________ for the additional pay a. expectancy b. valence c. instrumentality d. benefit
commission
Louisa is a real estate salesperson. When she sells a house, she earns a sales __________ equal to 6% of the sales price of the house.
a
Marci rewarded her team with a bonus when she found that their performance exceeded the standards she had set. Which step of the control process does giving the reward represent? a. step four b. step two c. step three d. step one
a
Merilee is a seamstress in a garment factory, and she is paid $10 for each women's skirt she produces. What compensation place does this describe? a. piece rate b. pay-for-knowledge c. gainsharing d. commission
c
Morgan considers Jessica an effective leader because she is intelligent, has high energy, and displays self-confidence. Morgan is characterizing Jessica based on the ____________ approach to leadership. a. behavioral b. situational c. trai d. transformational
c
Mycah complains to her boss about working overtime by saying, "I don't see why I have to finish this project tonight." Her boss responds, "Because I'm the boss and I say so, that's why." Mycah's boss is displaying _________ power. a. reward b. referent c. legitimate d. expert
message
Nanci needs to let Morgan know that the production line will be down until tomorrow and the items she needs to ship to the customer won't be ready on time. The information Nanci wants to share is called the __________.
a
Natalie loves her work at the shoe production facility. She is inspired by the company because for every pair of shoes someone buys, the company gives a pair of shoes to a child in need. What type of leadership is this company providing that empowers Natalie? a. leading for meaningfulness b. leading for competence c. leading for self-determination d. leading for progress
c
One nurse complains to another, "Dr. James is a legend in his own mind because he's got that MD behind his name." Which personal barrier to effective communication is the nurse describing? a. faulty listening skills b. variable communication skills c. oversized egos d. nonverbal communication
d
President Obama's famous quote, "We are the change that we seek" best demonstrates which persuasion tactic? a. exchange tactics b. rational persuasion c. ingratiating tactics d. inspirational appeal
b
Samantha congratulated Eric on his recent promotion and told him he was among the best and brightest employees the firm had. She then asked for his help on one of her projects. Which influence tactic did Samantha use? a. inspirational apeals b. ingratiation c. consultation d. rational persuasion
d
Samantha sent an email to Joyce, letting her know about a job opening. Joyce quickly responded with an email, thanking Samantha. Joyce's response is an example of __________. a. noise b. the medium c. encoding d. feedback
c
Sonja is a barista. Her manager has been hearing reports that Sonja's lattes taste like the milk is burned. Her manager talks to Sonja about these reports and shows her some tricks for steaming the milk to the correct temperature. This is an example of which type of control? a. concurrent b. tactical c. feedback d. feedforward
consultation
Susan was able to get Steve to work with her in making decisions about how the new office should look by asking him for his thoughts on the design. This is an example of the ___________ influence tactic.
false
T/F: House's revised path-goal theory has been tested enough to verify its overall conclusion
true
T/F: according to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, employers should first eliminate dissatisfying elements in the work place and then focus on adding incentives to motivate workers
false
T/F: because needs are influenced by environmental factors, they are relatively unchanged over time
false
T/F: effective listening is an innate skill; it cannot be learned
true
T/F: managers should ask questions to determine what rewards are valued by employees when utilizing Expectancy Theory to motivate workers
false
T/F: socialized power occurs when power is directed at helping oneself as a way of enhancing one's own selfish ends
true
T/F: the quality-control procedures outlined by ISO 9000 certification are based on the honor system that the company with the certification will carry out procedures as promised
false
T/F: women executives score lower than men on producing high-quality work
b
The community task force consisted of police officers, ambulance drivers, and other support service staff who worker with the public. Their job was to determine the best response system for the 911 services of the town. This task force is an example of a(n) ____________ team. a. action b. cross-functional c. production d. top-management
b
The results of the company survey showed that while the majority of employees were pleased with the advancement opportunities within the organization and the merit system in place, they were dissatisfied with things like pay scale and sharing an office with someone they didn't get along with. These results exemplify which theory of motivation? a. Hierarchy of Needs Theory b. Two-Factor Theory c. Acquired Needs Theory d. Self-Determination Theory
identity theft
Thieves hijack your name and identity and use your good credit rating to obtain cash or make purchases. This is known as __________ __________
b
Trina never disagrees with what her manager asks her to do on a project even if she thinks there is a better way to do the job. Which type of follower does Trina represent? a. rebels b. helpers c. soldiers d. independents
c
Trisha and her coworker are making plans about where to go for lunch. Since they are having trouble making a decision, Trisha says, "Look, let's just go wherever you'd like." What conflict-handling style is Trisha demonstrating? a. forcing b. compromising c. accommodating d. avoiding
c
Trisha works hard to maintain a friendly, supportive climate in her department. Her motto is, "People first, production second." Trisha exhibits ____________ leadership. a. transactional b. transformational c. relationship-oriented d. initiating-structure
b
What Myra enjoys most about her job is the camaraderie with her coworkers and the close friendships she has formed. According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, this reflects Myra's need for __________. a. power b. affiliation c. growth d. achievement
c
What Tamika loves about her job is that every day brings new challenges, and she can use different talents and abilities to complete her job tasks. This is an example of which core job characteristic? a. feedback b. task identity c. skill variety d. task significance
vertical
When Anne submits her vacation request to her boss, what type of formal communication is being used?
horizontal
When Suzie sends an email to a coworker, asking if she could cover her shift, what type of formal communication is being used?
external
When Tamika emails a supplier, asking for a price on a product, what type of formal communication is being used?
b
Your professor awards five bonus points for coming to class on time. This is an example of __________. a. punishment b. positive reinforcement c. negative reinforcement d. extinction
incremental
_________ budgeting allocates increased or decreased funds to a department by using the last budget period as a reference point
d
__________ are cash awards given to employees who achieve specific performance objectives a. profit sharing b. salaries c. stock options d. bonuses
nonverbal
__________ communication consists of messages sent outside the written or spoken word
d
__________ communication flows from a higher level to a lower level in the organization, as when a manager communicates with his or her subordinates a. lateral b. horizontal c. upward d. downward
d
__________ communication flows upward and downward in the organization a. external b. horizontal c. informal d. vertical
c
__________ conflict is designed to elicit different opinions without inciting people's personal feelings a. dysfunctional b. negative c. programmed d. intragroup
c
__________ create an organization's vision and strategic plan and ___________ implement that vision and plan a. supervisors; nonsupervisory employees b. managers; leaders c. leaders; managers d. managers; supervisors
b
__________ focuses on problem solving and performance improvement- speed with excellence- of a well-defined product a. human resource management b. Lean Six Sigma c. total quality management d. statistical process control e. strategic human resource management
a
__________ has become an increasingly important management skill because emails and texting have replaced the telephone in much of business communication a. writing b. nonverbal communication c. listening d. public speaking
b
__________ involve(s) using video and audio links along with computers to enable people located at different locations to see, hear, and talk with one another a. telecommuting b. videoconferencing c. multicommunicating d. group support systems
b
__________ is a comprehensive approach, led by top management and supported throughout the organization, dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction a. statistical process control b. total quality management c. deming management d. ISO 9000
a
__________ is leader behavior that is focused primarily on group members' needs and desires and directed at creating mutual respect or trust a. consideration b. directive c. job-centered d. initiating structure
a
__________ is the ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done a. power b. leadership c. authority d. status
b
__________ is the right to perform or command; this right comes with the supervisor's job a. leadership b. authority c. influence d. power
a
__________ is the subcontracting of services and operations to an outside vendor a. outsourcing b. decentralization c. benchmarking d. TQM
b
__________ occurs when people restate, in their own words, the crux of what they have heard or read a. active listening b. paraphrasing c. multicommunicating d. decoding
d
__________ perspectives on motivation are concerned with the thought processes by which people decide how to act- for instance, how employees choose behavior to meet their needs
a
__________ power results from one's specialized information or expertise a. expert b. referent c. reward d. legitimate
b
__________ proposed ideas for making organizations more responsive, more democratic, and less wasteful a. total quality management (TQM) b. Deming management c. ISO 9000 d. Six Sigma
linguistic
__________ style refers to a person's characteristic speaking patterns
a
____________ resource planning software system are information systems for integrating virtually all aspects of a business a. enterprise b. strategic c. customer d. expert
virtual
a __________ team consists of members who interact by computer network to collaborate on projects
b
a ___________ consists of workers who are trained to do all or most of the jobs in a work unit, have no direct supervisor, and do their own day-to-day supervision a. continuous improvement team b. self-managed team c. quality circle d. top-management team
variable
a budget in which the allocation of resources fluctuates in proportion to different levels of activity during the budget period is known as a(n) __________ budget
b
a decision-making team that is not able to consider alternatives because it is close-knit and strives for unanimity may be experiencing: a. dysfunctional conflict b. groupthink c. social loafing d. cognitive distortion
b
a group established with a leader by an organization to accomplish specific goals is called a(n) __________ group. a. informal b. formal c. ancillary d. work
d
a holiday office party and a company softball team reflect which need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? a. esteem b. physiological c. safety d. love
b
a leadership style characterized by a general failure to take responsibility for leading is referred to as __________ leadership a. situational b. laissez-faire c. directive d. transactional
a
a lean medium is more effective with __________ situations a. routine b. unusual c. nonroutine d. unique
a
a relatively stable trait that is grounded in the belief that something greater than the self exists is called ___________ a. humility b. leadership c. piety d. responsibility
a
a rich medium is more effective with __________ situations a. nonroutine b. routine c. repetitive d. standard
a d
a servant leader would display which of the following characteristics? a. focus on listening b. narcissism c. focus on informational technology d. commitment to the growth of people
a
a team in the middle of the ___________ stage of team development experiences individual conflicts and the emergence of individual personalities within the group a. storming b. adjourning c. forming d. performing e. norming
budget
a(n) __________ is a formal financial projection that states an organization's planned activities for a given period of time in quantitative terms
task
a(n) __________ role consists of behavior that concentrates on getting the team's work done
c
a(n) __________ summarizes an organization's financial results (revenues and expenses) over a specified period of time such as a quarter or a year a. balance sheet b. stockholder's report c. income statement d. audit
b d e
according to Dale Carnegie, what are the three rules of an effective speech? a. look them in the eye b. tell them what you said c. repeat it d. tell them what you are going to say e. say it
a
according to Fiedler's contingency leadership model, in which of the following situations will a relationship-oriented leadership style be optimal? a. moderate-control situations b. high-control situations c. low-control situations
a
according to Fiedler's contingency leadership model, which component of situational control is deemed as the most important? a. leader-member relations b. task structure c. position power d. work orientation
c d
according to Fiedler's contingency leadership model, which two of the following are seen as leader orientations or styles? a. performance-oriented b. initiating-structure c. relationship-oriented d. task-oriented e. customer-oriented
personal; institutional
according to McClelland's acquired needs theory, __________ power is expressed in an individual's desire to dominate others, whereas __________ power is used to further organizational goals
b c d
according to equity theory, which of the following would be characterized as inputs? a. praise from a supervisor b. experience c. training d. effort e. compensation
d
according to reinforcement theory, turning in your monthly expense report on time so that your supervisor won't nag you for it is an example of __________ a. positive reinforcement b. punishment c. extinction d. negative reinforcement
a d e
according to research findings, followers seek and admire leaders who create feelings of which of the following? a. community b. job security c. equity d. significance e. excitment
a
according to self-determination theory, people are driven to try to grow and attain fulfillment, and their behavior and well-being is influenced by what three innate needs? a. competence, autonomy, and relatedness b. hygiene factors, motivators, and expectancy c. self-actualization, esteem, and safety d. achievement, power, and affiliation
out
according to the LMX model, in an __________-group exchange, leaders are characterized as overseers who fail to create a sense of mutual trust, respect, or common fate (in/out)
d
according to the job characteristics model, the extent to which a job requires the job holder to use a wide range of different talents and abilities is known as __________ a. autonomy b. task identity c. task significance d. skill variety
accommodating
allowing the desires of the other party to prevail is what type of conflict-handling style?
b
an email, a handwritten notice, or a voicemail are all examples of __________ in the communication process a. noise b. the medium c. decoding d. encoding
a b c
an integrated model of leadership considers which of the following in order to create leadership effectiveness? a. power and influence b. situational factors c. traits, gender, skills d. ethnicity e. dominance factors
reinforcement
anything that causes a given behavior to be repeated or inhibited is known as __________
d
anything that delays or obstructs any stage of the communication process is referred to, in general, as __________ a. decoding errors b. encoding errors c. feedback d. noise
a d e
applying the Job Characteristics Model requires which of the following: a. determine whether job redesign is appropriate b. terminate employees who have low MPS scores c. decrease core job characteristics below the national norm d. diagnose the work environment to see whether a problem exists e. consider how to redesign the job
reward
at the completion of a long project, Aileen givers her assistant a day off with pay to acknowledge all of his hard work. This is an example of ___________ power.
positiveness
being upbeat and expressing your willingness to work with the other person to find a resolution to the problem is what type of conflict-handling behavior?
compromising
both parties giving up something to gain something is what type of conflict-handling style?
incremental
budget-planning approached include zero-based budgeting (ZBB), the Planning Program Budgeting System, and ___________ budgeting
problem solving
collaborating the generate a win-win solution is what type of conflict-handling style?
horizontal
communication that flows within and between work units is known as ____________ communication
d
communicators who transmit their message accurately in the least time are called ___________ communicators a. broad b. elegant c. effective d. efficient
b
conflict between work groups, teams, and departments is known as __________ conflict a. multicultural b. intergroup c. personality d. internal
b
conflict that benefits the main purposes of the organization or serves its interests is known as __________ conflict a. collaborative b. fuctional c. dysfunctional d. productive
machiavellianism
cynical view of human nature that condones opportunistic and unethical ways of manipulating people
adjourning
during the final stage of group and team development, which called ____________, the work has been completed and members prepare for disbandment
a
dysfunctional conflict is also referred to as __________ conflict a. negative b. positive c. cooperative d. constructive
b
employees' belief that they have some degree of control over their work is referred to as __________ a. personalized power b. psychological empowerment c. e-leadership d. referent power
equality
evaluating all ideas fairly without regard to ownership is what type of conflict-handling behavior?
b
getting others to support your effort to persuade someone is an example of persuasion by _____________ tactics a. legitimating b. coalition c. ingratiation d. pressure
c
groups often develop through __________, or a process of alternating periods of stable functioning and dramatic change in norms, roles, and/or objectives caused by an event a. productive energy b. stern discipline c. punctuated equilibrium d. groupthink
c d e f
identify the components of total quality management (TQM): a. jointly establish SMART goals with employees b. focus on problem solving and performance improvement c. listen to and learn from customers and employees d. use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems e. get every employee involved f. make continuous improvement a priority
a b d
identify the strategies for writing e-mail messages and reports more effectively a. know your audience b. write simply c. avoid the use of highlighting and white space d. start with your purpose e. use abbreviations
b d e
identify the three key elements in equity theory: a. hygiene factors b. comparison c. motivators d. inputs e. outputs
a c d b
if a model of motivation starts with an unfulfilled needs, list the rest of the steps in the correct order: a. motivation b. feedback c. behaviors d. rewards
avoiding
ignoring or suppressing a conflict is what type of conflict-handling style?
b c e
in equity theory, the outputs received from an organization are which of the following? a. criticisms b. praise c. pay d. suspensions e. rewards
a b c e
in order to be effective, a person employing influence tactics should do which of the following? a. rely on the core b. be authentic c. consult rather than legitimate d. practice deception e. be subtle
sender
in the communication process, the __________ is the person wanting to share information
receiver
in the communication process, the person for whom the message is intended is the __________
c
informal groups come together for _________ a. task achievement b. meeting a goal c. friendship d. work
b
interpreting and trying to make sense of the message is called __________ a. encoding b. decording c. transmitting d. providing feedback
d
jobs with high __________ allow workers to set their own schedules and decide how to perform the necessary tasks a. skill variety b. task identity c. feedback d. autonomy
psychopathy
lack of concern for others, impulsive behavior and lack of remorse when your actions harm others
a
leaders who exhibit ___________ behavior focus on clarifying tasks and setting goals to maximize output and efficiency a. initiating-structure b. value-based c. consideration d. relationship-oriented
c
leadership behavior is described as either task-oriented, relationship-oriented, passive, or____________ a. powerful b. gendered c. transformational d. situational
d
leadership depends on __________ a. whether or not the leader is an alpha b. using the best style of leadership c. the intelligence of employees d. the situation at hand
transactional
leadership that focuses on clarifying employees' roles, explaining task requirements, and providing rewards or punishments based on performance is called _____________ leadership
supportiveness
letting the other person determine a resolution that will be mutually beneficial is what type of conflict-handling behavior?
dashboard
like an instrument panel in a vehicle, a(n) __________ is a managerial report that displays easy-to-read graphics on critical information, such as sales, orders, costs, and shipments
d
major problems of the digital age that the text listed include lack of security, loss of privacy, and __________ a. poor use of videoconferencing b. increased use of telecommuting c. increased online spending d. reduced productivity due to email
b
managers use __________ power to punish their subordinates through verbal or written reprimands, fines, or sometimes in extreme situations terminations a. reward b. coercive c. expert d. referent
c
norms tend to be enforced by __________ to help the group survive, to clarify role expectations, to help individuals avoid embarrassing situations, and to emphasize and identify the group's important values a. standards b. supervisors c. team members d. company managers
b
one management responsibility is to identify when to create _________, not simply when to mitigate it a. consensus b. conflict c. work d. synchronicity
d
one of the tactics for using conflict to stimulate cultural and procedural changes in an organization is to announce __________ a. lay-offs b. demotions c. pay-cuts d. bonuses
continuous
ongoing, small, incremental improvements in all products, services, functional areas and work processes of an organization is known as ____________ improvement
forcing
ordering an outcome is what type of conflict-handling style?
productivity
outputs divided by inputs over a specific period of time equals ___________
merit
pay for performance, basing pay on one's results, is also known as __________ pay
c d a e b
place the stages of group and team development in the correct order: a. norming b. adjourning c. forming d. storming e. performing
c b d a
place the steps in the PDCA cycle in the correct order: a. act on lessons learned after studying results b. implement the change or make a small-scale test c. plan desired and important changes based on observed data d. observe what happened after the change or during the test
socialized
power directed at helping others, as opposed to helping oneself, is known as __________ power
c
power directed at helping yourself and furthering your own ends rather than those of others or the organization is called: a. influence b. socialized power c. personalized power d. authority
b a d e c
rank the following media in terms of media richness, placing the medium with the least richness at the top and the medium with the greatest richness at the bottom a. text message b. newsletter c. face-to-face meeting d. phone call e. videoconference
b d a c
rank the four steps of the control process: a. compare performance to standards b. establish standards c. take corrective action, if necessary d. measure performance
a c d e
recall the four reasons norms tend to be enforced by team members: a. to clarify role expectations b. to eliminate group identity c. to help the group survive d. to emphasize important values e. to avoid embarrassing situations
trust
reciprocal faith in others' intentions and behaviors is known as ___________
a b c
research demonstrates that transformational leadership yields positive results in several areas, including which of the following? a. levels of intrinsic motivation, group cohesion and work engagement b. leadership effectiveness and employee job satisfaction c. measures of organizational effectiveness d. employe individualism and enhanced workforce identification
assets
resources that an organizations controls, such as cash, inventory, and accounts receivable, are classified on the balance sheet as __________
b
saying, "this has been green-lighted at the highest level," is an example of persuasion using which influence tactic? a. coalition b. legitimating c. exchange d. pressure
c
scientific __________ is the process of reducing the number of tasks a worker performs a. enrichment b. analysis c. management d. design
narcissism
self-centered perspective, feelings of superiority, and a drive for personal power and glory
horizontal; vertical
simply giving employees additional tasks of similar difficulty is known as ___________ loading, whereas giving employees more responsibility such as in job enrichment is referred to as __________ loading
a
since service industries do not produce a tangible product, often customer satisfaction may be a matter of __________ a. perception b. price c. personality d. client interaction
d
sources of conflict such as differences between personalities, groups, and cultures are called ________ a. fire starters b. conflict vices c. social loafing d. conflict triggers
openness
stating your views honestly and concentrating on finding a solution to the problem is what type of conflict-handling behavior?
d
statistical process control is a statistical technique that uses ___________ from production runs to see if quality is being maintained within a standard range of acceptability a. documentation b. customer feedback c. expert advice and worker input d. periodic random samples
negative reinforcement
strengthening a behavior by withdrawing something negative
a
studies have shown that a conflict-free work group is a(n) __________ work group a. indolent b. dissatisfied c. busy d. productive
c
team __________ describes the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members a. conflict b. cohesion c. composition d. interaction
c
team roles are of two types: a. individual and group b. constructive and dysfunctional c. task and maintenance d. informal and formal
a
the "we feeling" that binds group members together is called group __________. a. cohesiveness b. effort c. friendliness d. identity
a
the __________ approach to leadership asserts that a leader's effectiveness depends on the situation at hand
c
the __________ approach to leadership attempts to determine the actions and behaviors that effective leaders engage in when interacting with others a. full-range model b. trait centered c. behavioral d. contingency
b
the __________ is the unofficial communication system of the informal organization, a network of in-person and online gossip and rumor a. grapevine b. telephone c. gossip tree d. rich medium
b
the __________ leadership approach suggests that leadership behaviors vary along a continuum of leadership styles, from passive through transactional to transformational a. path-goal b. full-range c. servant d. charismatic
c
the __________ model holds that an effective leader makes desirable rewards available to workers, and increases workers' motivation by clearly outlining the behavior that will help them achieve those goals and rewards a. leader-member exchange (LMX) b. transformational leadership c. path-goal leadership d. contingency leadership
b
the __________ perspective of the balanced scorecard asks the question, "how do we look to our shareholders?" a. innovation and learning b. financial c. internal business d. customer
customer
the __________ perspective on the balanced scorecard approach focuses on the analysis of different types of customers, their level of satisfaction, and the processes used to deliver products and services to customers
equity
the __________ theory suggests that people compare the ratio of their own outcomes to inputs against the ratio of someone else's outcomes to inputs
c
the ___________ approach gives upper management a quick but thorough view of the organization via four indicators: customer satisfaction; internal processes; innovation and improvement activities; and financial measures a. external audit b. balance sheet c. balanced scorecard d. RATER scale
c
the ___________ series extends the concept of ISO certification by identifying standards for environmental performance a. benchmarking b. strategy map c. ISO 14000 d. Six Sigma
leadership
the ability to influence employees to voluntarily pursue organizational goals is known as ___________
punishment
the application of negative consequences to stop of change undesirable behavior is known as __________
d
the approach to organizational control that is characterized by informal and organic structural arrangements designed to increase employee commitment is __________ control a. centralized b. bureaucratic c. feedforward d. decentralized
a
the basic lesson of Herzberg's research is that __________ a. employers should attempt to eliminate job dissatisfaction before addressing job satisfaction b. managers can take away positive hygiene methods as a punishment for underperforming employees c. job dissatisfaction results from the absence of motivating factors d. hygiene factors such as working conditions are unimportant to employers
expenses
the costs required to produce the goods or services of the organization are known as __________
gainsharing
the distribution of savings to groups of employees who reduced costs and increased measurable productivity is known as __________
d
the distribution to employees of a percentage of the company's profits it known as __________ a. sales commissions b. gainsharing c. stock options d. profit sharing
a
the division of an organization's work among its employees and the application of motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction are both part of job __________ a. design b. enlargement c. enrichment d. simplification
d
the first principle of Deming management is that quality should be aimed at ___________ a. the requirements of management's plans b. improving hard data measures c. increasing market share d. the needs of the consumer
controlling
the four management functions are planning, organizing, leading, and ____________
c
the functions of eye contact in communication include all the following except ____________ a. reflects interest b. expresses emotion c. obscures feedback d. shows attention
d
the path-goal theory of leadership identified two environmental factors that cause some leadership behaviors to be more effective than others: task structure and __________ a. situational control b. leader-member relations c. position power d. work group dynamics
c
the process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages is known as ___________ listening a. passive b. level 1 c. active d. communicative
dialectic
the process of having two people or groups play opposing roles in a debate to better understand a proposal is known as the __________ method
b
the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior are called __________. a. influence tactics b. motivation c. organization d. leadership
a
the purpose of _________ is to monitor performance and take corrective action as needed to ensure that objectives are met a. controlling b. planning c. leading d. organizing
d
the second principle of Deming management is __________ a. the PDCA cycle should be implemented to improves the quality of work life of employees b. quality improvements lead to organizational enhancement c. hard data should be the basis of quality improvement d. companies should aim at improving the system, not blaming the workers
b
the sequence of suppliers that contribute to creating and delivering a product is known as the ___________ a. tactical control b. supply chain c. dashboard d. balanced scorecard
contingency
the situational approach to leadership is also known as the __________ approach
c
the system of safeguards for protecting information technology against disasters, system failures, and unauthorized access that results in damage or loss is called __________ a. privacy b. identity theft c. security d. telepresence
a
the systematic integration of the efforts of individuals to achieve a common objective is known as __________ a. collaboration b. roles c. motivation d. cohesiveness
expectancy
the theory of motivation that asserts that motivation is the combination of how much you want something and how likely you think you are to get it is known as __________ theory
c
the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another is known as __________ a. knowledge b. encoding c. communication d. data transfer
improvement
the two core principles of TQM are people orientation and __________ orientation
c
the two types of audits are __________ a. semiannual and annual b. assets and liabilities c. external and internal d. incremental and decremental
physical
the wall separating Henri from his manager made it hard to hear what his manager was saying. The wall is an example of a __________ barrier.
c
to create effective managers, companies should __________ a. rely only on selecting them based on their traits b. create a culture of unquestioning loyalty and rules c. train them on task and relationship management d. use a system of severe punishments for employee negligence
transformational
transactional leaders try to get people to do ordinary things while ____________ leaders attempt to get people to do exceptional things
encoding
translating a message into understandable symbols or language for transmission is known as _________
empathy
trying to experience the other person's feelings and point of view is what type of conflict-handling behavior?
situational
under Fiedler's model, the level of influence a leader has in his or her immediate work environment is called __________ control
positive reinforcement
using rewards or positive consequences to strengthen a particular behavior
c
using robots to paint products on a twenty-four-hour basis rather than humans who require downtime for personal breaks would result in ____________ a. increased manpower requirements b. decreased customer interaction c. reduced cycle time d. unhappy robots
a
using the Internet and social media to enlist a group outside the organization for help solving a problem is known as __________ a. crowdsourcing b. googling c. ghostbusting d. Internet management
b
verification of a firm's financial accounts and statements by the organization's own professional staff is a(n) __________ a. external audit b. internal audit c. income statement d. balance sheet
extinction
weakening a behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not reinforced
punishment
weakening a behavior by presenting something negative or withholding something positive
b c d
what are three of the five main ways that motivation plays a role in an organization? a. it protects against groupthink by making independent workers b. it helps good people remain in the organization c. it helps employees go beyond the call of duty d. it keeps workers engaged and producing quality work e. it guarantees employee retention
relatedness
what innate need identified by self-determination theory is described as a sense of belonging and attachment to others?
competence
what innate need identified by self-determination theory is described as feeling qualified, knowledgeable and capable of completing a goal or task?
autonomy
what innate need identified by self-determination theory is described as freedom and discretion to determine what you want to do and how you want to do it?
c
what is the acceptable threshold for quality defects according to Six Sigma standards? a. 3.4 defects per 10,000 products/procedures b. 3.4 defects per 10,000,000 products/procedures c. 3.4 defects per 1,000,000 products/procedures d. 3.4 defects per 100,000 products/procedures
task significance
what job characteristic identified by the job characteristics model is described as the extent to which a job affects the lives of others, whether inside or outside the organization?
autonomy
what job characteristic identified by the job characteristics model is described as the extent to which a job allows the worker to make choices about scheduling different tasks and/or deciding how to perform them?
task identity
what job characteristic identified by the job characteristics model is described as the extent to which a job required the worker to perform all the tasks needed to complete the job from beginning to end?
skill variety
what job characteristic identified by the job characteristics model is described as the extent to which a job requires a worker to use a wide range of different abilities and skills?
feedback
what job characteristic identified by the job characteristics model is described as the extent to which workers receive clear, direct information about how well they are performing the job?
active
what listening style is described as being fully invested?
involved
what listening style is described as being partially invested?
detached
what listening style is described as being uninterested?
passive
what listening style is described as not being responsible for listening?
d
what type of compensation plan ties employee pay to the number of job-relevant skills or academic degrees they earn? a. gainsharing b. piece rate c. sales commissions d. pay for knowledge
feedback
what type of control focuses on collecting performance information after a task or project is complete?
concurrent
what type of control focuses on collecting performance information in real time?
feedforward
what type of control focuses on preventing future problems?
d
what type of organizational culture is more likely to foster transformational leadership? a. bureaucracy b. rigid c. hierarchical d. adaptive
b
when Liz's manager asked her to get the report done right away, Maribeth didn't know if that meant within an hour or by the end of the week. This demonstrates the idea of a __________ barrier. a. linguistics b. semantic c. lingo d. jargon
a
when trust is lacking between two people communicating with each other, the individuals tend to become _____________ rather than focus on the meaning of the message a. defensive b. responsive c. proactive d. agreeable
a
which core job characteristic describes the extent to which a job requires the worker to perform all of the tasks needed to complete the job from beginning to end? a. task identity b. autonomy c. task significance d. skill variety
d
which core job characteristic refers to the degree to which the individual perceives that the job affects the lives of others, whether inside or outside of the organization? a. skill variety b. autonomy c. task identity d. task significance
a
which level of management is typically responsible for operational control? a. first-line managers b. team leaders c. top managers d. middle managers
c
which level of management is typically responsible for strategic control? a. middle managers b. team leaders c. top managers d. first-line managers
d
which level of management is typically responsible for tactical control? a. first-line managers b. team leaders c. top managers d. middle managers
b d e
which of the following apply to a project team? a. should meet weekly until employment ceases b. can meet just once or for many years c. management oriented d. can meet virtually or face to face e. task or problem oriented
a b d
which of the following are among the implications of transformational leadership for managers? a. it requires ethical leadership b. it can be used to train employees at any level c. it takes a shorter-time to provide results d. it can improve results for both individuals and groups
a b d e
which of the following are among the keys to managerial success? a. fine-tune your people skills b. encourage self-discovery and be realistic c. don't hesitate to let your employees know when you are angry- explode once in a while d. learn how to develop leadership skills e. treat people as if they matter, because they do
b c d
which of the following are among the nine most common influence tactics? a. Premack's principle b. rational persuasion c. consultation d. inspirational appeals e. nagging
c d e f
which of the following are barriers to a successful control system? a. allowing more than one control-system approach b. allowing employee participation in the execution of control systems c. too much control d. overemphasis on paperwork e. too much emphasis on means instead of ends f. too little employee participation in planning
a c
which of the following are basic types of financial statements? a. balance sheet b. ratio analysis c. income statement d. financial budget
b d e
which of the following are benefits of constructive conflicts? a. creating yes-men b. creating new ideas c. building consensus d. combating groupthink e. spurring competition among employees
a c d
which of the following are communication characteristics men are more likely to exhibit than women? a. talking over others b. more likely to demonstrate listening c. more likely to boast d. self focused statements e. more likely to use we statements f. more expressive
b c d
which of the following are considered conflict triggers? a. geographic conflicts b. cross-cultural conflicts c. personality conflicts d. intergroup conflicts
b c e
which of the following are core job characteristics in the Hackman and Oldham job characteristics model? a. task structure b. task significance c. skill variety d. skill development e. autonomy
a b c e
which of the following are four conclusions we can draw from trait theory? a. a global mind-set is an increasingly valued task-oriented trait b. we cannot ignore the implications of leadership traits c. organizations may want to include personality and trait assessments in their selection and evaluation processes d. confidence in one's ability to influence dissimilar others is seen as a major deficit in leaders e. the positive and "dark triad" traits suggest the qualities you should cultivate and avoid f. all traits are solely either positive or negative and good leaders should only have positive traits
a c d f
which of the following are four conclusions we can draw from trait theory? a. organizations may want to include personality and trait assessments in their selection and evaluation processes b. all traits are solely either positive or negative and good leaders should only have positive traits c. a global mind-set is an increasingly valued task-oriented trait d. the positive and "dark triad" trait suggest the qualities you should cultivate and avoid e. confidence in one's ability to influence dissimilar others is seen as a major deficit in leaders f. we cannot ignore the implications of leadership traits
a c d
which of the following are good tips for handling communication via e-mail? a. reduce unnecessary e-mails that you receive b. only a limited number of messages can be sent c. remember not every topic belongs on e-mail d. treat all e-mail as confidential
a b d
which of the following are implications that are offered by House's revised path-goal theory? a. leaders should modify their style so as to fit the employee characteristics and situational factors in the leadership situation b. effective leaders will possess and likely use more than one style of leadership c. leaders should develop one style of leadership and master it so that it can be used effectively in any situation d. leaders should help employees to achieve their goals by helping to clarify the path to those goals and removing obstacles to achieving them
b d e
which of the following are important factors to remember when talking to fellow employees in person? a. make it a surprise b. deliver good news up front c. keep it brief d. listen more and talk less e. make time for face-to-face
c d e
which of the following are included in the four principle perspectives on motivation? a. competition b. punishment c. process d. content e. reinforcement
a c d e
which of the following are key behaviors for transformational leaders? a. idealized influence b. focus on productivity c. individual consideration d. intellectual stimulation e. inspirational motivation f. emphasis on authority
a c d
which of the following are potential ways to build cross-cultural relationships? a. advocate for participative leadership b. emphasize differences to set up potential conflicts c. develop and mentor others d. be sensitive to the needs of others e. dominate the other party to show them how your culture works
b c d e
which of the following are reasons why control is needed in an organization? a. to centralize decision making b. to detect opportunities c. to adapt to change and uncertainty d. to reduce costs and increase productivity e. to discover errors and irregularities
b d e
which of the following are the three critical psychological states identified by the job characteristics model? a. low absenteeism and turnover b. meaningfulness of work c. high performance d. knowledge of actual results of the work e. responsibility for work outcomes
b c e
which of the following are the three critical psychological states identified by the job characteristics model? a. low absenteeism and turnover b. meaningfulness of work c. responsibility for work outcomes d. high performance e. knowledge of actual results of the work
b c d
which of the following are true statements about norms? a. they are often discussed openly among members b. they are typically unwritten c. they exert a powerful influence on group behavior d. they are general rules of behavior
a c d
which of the following are types of barriers to communication? a. personal barriers b. emblematic barrier c. physical barriers d. cross-cultural barriers e. symbolic barriers
c d
which of the following are types of informal communication channels? a. a newsletter b. a public announcement c. the office grapevine d. face-to-face communication
a b
which of the following are uses of crowdsourcing that have been shown to be successful? a. an organized competition where teams volunteer to solve a problem by a deadline to win a cash prize b. hiring temporary or contingent workers c. organizing an in-house team to solve a manufacturing issue d. funding multinational corporations through online drives
a d e
which of the following assets would be categorized as current assets on a firm's balance sheet? a. accounts receivable b. buildings c. equipment d. treasury bills e. cash
a
which of the following balanced scorecard perspective asks the question, "at what must we excel?" a. the internal business perspective b. the innovation and learning perspective c. the financial perspective d. the customer perspective
d
which of the following best describes the cultural area of control? a. the organization's hierarchical arrangement b. advertising budgets c. using performance evaluations to measure productivity d. using organizational norms to influence performance
a
which of the following best describes the dimension of situational control known as leader-member relations in Fiedler's contingency leadership model? a. the extent to which a leader has or lacks the support, loyalty, and trust of the work group b. the level of personal friendship between the leader and the member c. the amount of power a leadership has to make work assignments and reward and punish d. the extent to which tasks are routine, unambiguous, and easily understood
a c
which of the following conditions supports teamwork? a. workers not feeling they are being exploited by others b. working with ambiguous performance goals c. work that is considered meaningful d. having to be accountable to a supervisor
d
which of the following consists of quality-control procedures companies must install in all facets of their operations that can be audited by independent quality-control experts, or registrars? a. ISO 1000 b. Six Sigma c. statistical process control d. ISO 9000
a b
which of the following guidelines should be followed when giving positive reinforcement? a. be clear about what behavior is desired b. give rewards as soon as possible c. administer punishment in private d. combine punishment and positive reinforcement
d
which of the following is an example of a physical area of control? a. performance assessments b. annual budgets c. environmental impact statements d. monitoring the use of the conference room
a
which of the following is an example of the human resources area of control? a. performance appraisals b. debt-repayment schedules c. sales forecasts d. norms and values
a
which of the following is an example of the informational area of control? a. production schedules b. performance tests c. monitoring personal phone calls d. using formal authority to guide performance
d
which of the following is not a characteristic of a successful control system? a. realistic, positive, and understandable b. strategic and results oriented c. timely, accurate, and objective d. single approach
c
which of the following is not considered a "hard" influence tactic? a. pressure tactics b. exchange tactics c. consultation d. legitimating tactics e. coalition
b
which of the following is the BEST example of an effective goal for an employee? a. improve customer satisfaction ratings b. increase sales by 10% during the next quarter c. reduce employee turnover d. cut inventory costs by the end of the year
a
which of the following is the first step of the control process? a. establish performance standards b. compare performance to standards c. take corrective action if necessary d. measure performance
a
which of the following is the second step of the control process? a. measure performance b. establish standards c. take corrective action, if necessary d. compare performance
d
which of the following is the type of follower that is the least compliant with a leader? a. helpers b. independents c. yes men d. rebels
a
which of the following scenarios is an example of a pressure tactic? a. Peter threatens to fire you if you don't make your sales quota at the end of the month b. Mary wonders if you could cover her shift next Tuesday, telling you, "we're friends, and that's what friends do for one another" c. Paul asks if you would be willing to assume responsibility for running weekly meetings d. Connie offers to cover your shift next week if you will cover her shift tomorrow so she can have the day off
a b
which of the following statements about the supply chain are true? a. it is a significant cost for companies b. it is an important component of business and can impact company finance c. it is standardized across most types of businesses and requires no customerization d. it is managed and handled by lower-level employees
a b
which of the following statements are accurate concerning body movements and gestures as forms of nonverbal communication? a. open body positions convey warmth and closeness b. closed body positions tend to be interpreted as being defensive c. body movements and gestures are universally interpreted d. open body positions tend to be interpreted as a vulnerability
b
which of the following statements concerning U.S. productivity between the 1960s and 1995 is accurate? a. U.S. productivity increased over this period b. U.S. productivity decreased over this period c. U.S. productivity increased for part of that time and then increased d. U.S. productivity decreased for part of that time and then increased
d
which of the following summarizes the overall financial worth of an organization, such as assets and liabilities, at a specific point in time? a. capital expenditure budget b. income statement c. ratio analysis d. balance sheet
b d e
which of the following would be characterized as hygiene factors in Herzberg's two-factor theory? a. responsibility b. working conditions c. achievement d. interpersonal relationships e. pay and security
a c
which of the following would be characterized as motivating factors by Herzberg's two-factor theory? a. achievement b. working conditions c. responsibility d. pay
a
which of the following would be considered the most appropriate action for a leader during the norming stage of team development? a. encourage members to help identify goals and values b. focus the team on completing its assigned work c. give the group ample time to socialize d. empower employees to work on tasks
a
which of the following would be responsible for an external audit of a firm's financial accounts and statements? a. certified public accountants b. Board of Directors c. internal accounting staff d. IRS representatives
a
which one of the following would be considered the most appropriate action for a leader during the performing stage of team development? a. empower employees to work on tasks b. give the group ample time to socialize c. assign permanent roles d. encourage members to help identify goals and values
b
which perspective in the balanced scorecard approach addresses how the organization can continue to improve? a. internal business perspective b. innovation and learning perspective c. customer perspective d. financial perspective
b
with __________, certain employees are given the right to buy stock at a future date for a discounted price a. profit sharing b. stock options c. bonuses d. gainsharing
forming
within the first stage of team development, called ________, members get oriented and acquainted with each other