EXAM 3 MANAGEMENT
The leader that members of a group acknowledge as their leader is:
????????
Within an organization, the primary lever to address the drive to ______ is culture, and the actions are to foster mutual reliance and friendships, to value collaboration and teamwork, and to encourage best practice sharing.
????????
A 2015 McKinsey report on public companies found that those in the top quartile for ethnic and racial diversity in management were ___% more likely to have financial returns above their industry mean, and those in the top quartile for gender diversity were ____% more likely to have returns above the industry mean.
?????????
The relationship between leader behavior and follower behavior can best be characterized as:
?????????
Which of the following is considered the most integrative theory of motivation?
?????????
A need that cannot be inferred from a person's behavior at a given time, yet the person may still possess that need is called a:
??????????
According to the ERG theory, all of the following would be opportunities for growth except:
??????????
By the 1960s, nearly _____% of all US companies were using a performance appraisal process.
??????????
The theory of motivation with the highest generalizability is probably:
??????????
Which of these refers to the information society using knowledge to generate tangible & intangible values?
??????????
When power or influence within an organization flow to individuals or leaders who have the ability to help an organization or group handle challenges, the leadership influence is based on:
???????????
When organizations face a turbulent environment, intense competition, and the need to move fast, the most appropriate leadership would be:
????????????
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of diversity?
????????????
When Suzanne wanted to learn about the law that protects individuals who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age, she should read up on which of the following?
ADEA of 1967 (Age Discrimination in Employment Act)
Which of the following was developed in 2001 as the dissatisfaction with performance management processes began to increase?
Agile Manifesto
Which of the following are team paradoxes?
All of these
______ entitles eligible employees to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave in a 12-month period of specified family and medical reasons.
FMLA of 1993 (Family and Medical Leave Act)
As a manager... you have just read about Fiedler's contingency model and decided to use the LPC (least-preferred coworker) score to aid you in selecting a leader for the management group. You have interviewed 4 candidates for the job, and the scores for each of the candidates were high (Erin), moderately high (Josh), middle (Michael), and low (Tabitha). Which candidate would you hire?
Michael
Recent evidence on sex and gender role as they relate to leadership suggests:
None of these (list here)
______ discrimination is a catchall term that describes when people are denied employment opportunities because of their identity group or personal characteristics such as sex, age, race, or other factors.
access
Performance management began as a simple tool to drive _____ but has evolved more recently into a tool used for ______.
accountability; employee development
Herzberg believed motivating factors lead to:
achievement, which leads to satisfaction
Responses such as perspective taking, creating solutions, expressing emotions, and reaching out are considered ______ responses to conflict.
active and constructive
In a conflict situation, which of the following is a constructive & passive response?
adapting
HR compliance is an area that traces back to the very origin of the HR function- to:
administrative & regulatory functions
Although Blacks do not make up the largest share of the workforce for racial minorities, research shows they face discrimination more often than other racial minorities.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: "If it ain't broke, don't fix it" characterizes the transformational leader.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: According to the Blake and Mouton (Managerial grid), the most effective style for an emergency situation is the 9,9 style.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: Alderfer's ERG theory compresses Maslow's five categories into the 3 needs of existence, growth, and individual power needs.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: Due to the fact that multiracial births have risen tenfold between 1970 and 2013, their participation in the labor force is around 20%.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: Four different drives that underlie motivation include the drives to acquire, enjoy, expand, & defend.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: In organizations today, success depends on talent acquisition outsourcing to external recruiters.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: Leadership and management are interchangeable.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: One downside of diverse teams, according to research, is that they enhance groupthink.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: SDT theory suggests that the primary way to motivate high performance for uninteresting jobs is to emphasize intrinsic rewards.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: Structural intervention is best used when team members are willing to acknowledge the cultural differences and learn how to work with them.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: The Minnesota Twins studies suggests that self-confidence is an innate trait.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: The similarity-attraction paradigm explains how diversity can have positive outcomes for an organization.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: The term managing diversity is often used to reflect ways in which organizations show appreciation for diversity among job applicants, employees, and customers.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: research on conflict and team suggests that conflict is bad for a team and that it will inevitably bring the team down and cause them to spiral out of control and off track.
false
TRUE OR FALSE: Responses such as perspective taking, creating solutions, expressing emotions, and reaching out are considered passive but constructive responses to conflict.
false (active & constructive)
HR management includes the leadership and facilitation of all the following key life cycle process areas except:
financial management & compliance
In which stage does the informal pecking order begin to develop, but the team is still friendly?
forming
Which is an invisible barrier based on the prejudicial beliefs that underlie decisions that prevent women from moving beyond certain levels within a company?
glass ceiling
Which term includes traits that are deep-level but may be concealed or revealed at the discretion of individuals who possess them?
hidden diversity
When people are among _____ teammates, the team is susceptible to groupthink.
homogenous and like-minded
All of these elements can make teams function EXCEPT:
identical skills
______ represents the degree to which employees are accepted & treated fairly by their organization.
inclusion
The great man theory of leadership states that:
leaders are born
Which of the following statements regarding the differences between management & leadership is NOT true?
leaders are seen as motivating primarily through extrinsic processes while managers motivate primarily through intrinsic processes
According to McClelland, jobs that are best performed alone are more appropriate for:
low nAff
______ is the technique of making decisions by management and without team involvement.
managerial intervention
Which term is commonly used to refer to ways in which organizations seek to ensure that members of diverse groups are valued and treated fairly within organizations in all areas including hiring, compensation, performance evals, and customer service activities?
managing diversity
Which term describes a stereotype that portrays Asian men and women as obedient and successful and is often used to justify socioeconomic disparities between other racial minority groups?
model minority myth
McClelland's research focused on several needs in depth and has been incorporated into present day thinking about organizational behavior. Which of the following is a need that McClelland did NOT research?
need for growth
Cassandra is part of a team at ABC Products. She finds that her team is establishing and maintaining ground rules and boundaries, and there is willingness to share responsibility and control. Cassandra's team can be described as operating at which stage of group development?
norming
An essential ingredient for effective leadership is the exercise of:
patience (???????)
A leader who operates from a base of power where others want to associate with or be accepted by them is called:
referent power
When followers' form of compliance is one of "how much am i getting" or "how much should i give", the base of power is probably:
reward power
Which of the following components of Alderfer's ERG theory is in agreement with Maslow?
satisfaction progression
______ suggests that when we first come into contact with others, we categorize them as belonging to an in-group or an out-group.
social identity theory
An overriding principle of Maslow's theory of needs is:
that a person's direction and intensity will be focused on satisfying the lowest level need that is not currently satisfied
TRUE OR FALSE: A 2015 McKinsey report on public companies found that those in the top quartile for ethnic and racial diversity in management were 95% more likely to have financial returns above their industry mean.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: A motive is the need which a person is attempting to satisfy.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: A perceived state of equity can be obtained through the distortion of a person's perceptions of the outcomes or inputs of either party.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Best practices for effective recruiting of key leadership hires suggest that every 2-3 years there should be a review of high-level leadership requirements based on the strategic plan.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Considerable amounts of research have demonstrated that tasks are intrinsically motivating when they satisfy at least one of the three high-order needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Consideration and initiating structure are two major sets of leader behaviors identified in the behavioral approach to leadership.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Focus of attention has been defined as an employee's cognitive orientation while she or he is at work.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Followers who are poor performers tend to cause leaders to be less warm in their relationship and to be more directive.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: From its earliest inception as primarily compliance-type function, HR management has further expanded and evolved into its current state as a key driver of human capital development.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Good leaders and good leadership is a rare commodity.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Higher-potential employees, no matter what the level, often display the following competencies: business acumen, strategic thinking, leadership skills, people skills, learning agility, and technology skills.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: In the majority of cases, employees are more likely to experience under-reward inequity than over-reward.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: It appears that people go through Maslow's hierarchy in a mechanical fashion.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: McClelland believed nAch, nAff, and nPow are learned primarily in childhood.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Researchers contend that physical diversity characteristics such as race, age, or sex positively influence performance because team members contribute unique cognitive attributes based on their experiences stemming from their demographic background.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Salanick and Pfeffer suggest that power and thus leadership flow to those individuals who have the ability to help an organization overcome its critical contingencies.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Setting a goal through a "do your best" process will usually not result in the best performance.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Studies show that women and minorities have greater job-pursuit intentions and higher attraction toward organizations that promote workplace diversity in their recruitment materials compared to organizations that do not.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The difference of direct vs. indirect communication in managing multicultural teams can cause conflict because, at the extreme, the direct style may be considered offensive by some, while the indirect style may be perceived as unproductive and passive-aggressive in team interactions.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The process of becoming a high-performance team is not a linear process.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The son of Odysseus, Telemachus, developed his father's leadership skills. This represents the great man theory of leadership.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Leaders are seen as motivating primarily through extrinsic processes while managers motivate primarily through intrinsic processes.
true ???????
According to the evolution of HR work, the administrative work of HR personnel, such as the terms & conditions of work, delivery of HR services, and regulatory compliance were the focus of which of the following?
wave 1
Expectancy theory states that people:
will choose the effort level that results in the maximum amount of positively valued outcomes
A leader who wants to communicate a vision in such a way that it provides meaning will likely use:
(?????)
The approach to leadership which states group effectiveness is a result of the match between the leader's disposition toward others and the situation is the:
(?????)
ESSAY Q: 1. Name & describe the 3 types of diversity encountered in the workplace. 2. What are the advantages of diversity in the workplace? 3. How does team diversity enhance decision-making and problem-solving?
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ESSAY Q: Compare the leadership styles of President Vladimir Putin of Russia and President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine. - What influence/power are they exercising? - What kind of followers do they have? = Which one is effective?
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ESSAY Q: Compare the leadership styles of US President Trump and New Zealand's Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern. - Which theory of motivation do you think applies to the way they led their countries at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic? - Which leadership approach do you think is better in times of uncertainty?
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ESSAY Q: What is the difference between a manager and a leader?
/
ESSAY Q: What kind of leadership do you prefer, Theory X or Theory Y? Explain.
/
ESSAY Q: You took the 16 Personalities survey in class. What did you learn about who you are and what kind of manager you are? Do you agree?
/
An evaluation tool that collects feedback from managers, peers, direct reports, and customers is called:
360 assessment
Talent reviews often employ the use of ______, which plots employee performance vs. employee potential and provides the reviewer with 9 distinct options, or boxes, to categorize where the employee is.
9-box template
Which of these suggests that multiple perspectives stemming from the cultural differences between group or organizational members result in creative problem solving and innovation?
cognitive diversity hypothesis
Responses such as avoiding, yielding, and self-criticizing are considered ______ responses to conflict.
destructive and passive
______ refers to identity-based differences among and between two or more people that affect their lives as applicants, employees, and customers.
diversity
Which method for setting goals will usually NOT result in the highest performance?
do your best