Exam 4. Ch. 17

What are the six habits that are known to promote health in all ages, including older adults?

1. Plant based eating pattern 2. Daily physical activity 3. Sense of purpose 4. Relieving stress 5. Healthy body weight 6. Sleeping regularly and adequately

Why are older adults at a greater risk for vitamin and mineral deficiencies?

Because they dont take in the necessary amount of vitamins and minerals in the foods they eat, when people get older they tend to have diffucultly getting food down so they choose not to eat it.

Why is it important for older adults to have social interactions, as well as healthy foods?

Because when they have social interactions they are able to get out and do more activities, they also need healthy foods because as they get older it is harder to digest foods and elderly people normally dont get all the nutrients they need because they tend not to eat as much.

What are the benefits of physical activity for people of all ages, and in particular for older adults?

Better balance, better health, cardiovascular endurance, improves quality of sleep

Describe all the physiological changes that occur during aging

Energy expenditure generally decreases with advancing age because of a decrease in basal metabolic rate and physical activity, thus decreasing our caloric needs. Our bodies also begin to experience a decrease in kidney function, re-distribution of body composition and changes in our nervous system.

How can you support bone health and all ages?

Exercise, boost calcium consumption, consume vitamin D. Consume potassium and Vitamin K. Quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption.

What are some risk factors for osteoporosis? Which are modifiable?

Exersice, no smoking, no alcohol.

Sarcopenia increases the risk for?

Falls , decrease mobility

What is meals on wheels?

Home delivered meals

What are some of the risk factors that can lead to the development of Sarcopenia?

Hormones that regulate appetite and metabolism decline

How does sensory loss affect digestion and absorption in general?

It affects this because it causes your body to lose nutrients, your body takes longer to digest foods and to absorb causing you to feel less hungry and not eat as much.

What is Sarcopenia?

Loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and quality

What are congregate meals?

Meals for elderly served in community centers

What are some strategies to save money and promote healthy meals for older adults in those living by themselves?

Meals on wheels can provide older adults healthy meals without spending tons of money,

What are some of the risk factors for dehydration in older adults?

More medications, less water consumption, low blood pressure, illness (vomiting, diarrea)

What are the goals of the OAA?

Nutritious meals social interaction homemaker education and shopping assistant counseling referral to social services and transportation

What program exist to support the nutrition of older adults in the US?

OAA Older Americans Act

Why is dehydration more serious for older adults?

Older adults tend to take more medications as they get older which can cause serious dehydration, a persons sense of thirst becomes less acurate as they age, and as we age our bodies kidneys are less able to conserve fluids.

How can nutrient deficiencies affect the health of our brains as we get older?

Our brains NEED nutrients to continue, if our brains do not get the necessary nutrients we need it can cause brain damage, demensia, diziness, trouble walking.

What are some lifestyle factors that can decrease the risk of Sarcopenia

Physical activities, optimal nutrition with sufficient protein

What are the two goals the older adults usually have in relation to health?

Promoting health and slowing aging

How do the program supported by the OAA provide "more than a meal?"

Provide meals in community centers to provide social interactions and a way to get out

What factors affect the decline in muscle mass and strength as a person ages

Regular physical activity

Why are older adults at a greater risk for dehydration then younger adults?

Younger adults tend not to take as much medication as older people, their kidneys are able to consume more water and we know when we are thirsty and when we should consume water.

What is osteoporosis

a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D.

What is the scientific name for dry mouth?

xerostomia

What other bodily changes occur as we age?

our bodies change as we get older, including physiological, perceptual and and general age-related conditions — such as dental or gastrointestinal conditions. These changes all influence the performance of our body as a whole, which in turn, influences our eating, nutritional intake and overall health.

What is the age category for older adults

65+

What are some of the specific risk factors for malnutrition? Explain how they might contribute to malnutrition.

Disease-related factors that reduce intake despite the availability of foods. This is thought to be the most common cause of malnutrition in the UK; Inadequate availability of food, quality or presentation of food, which reduces intake