Exam 5

Combining DNA molecules from different sources into one molecule in a test tube is called ... 1. cross breeding 2. hybridizing 3. cloning 4. using recombinant DNA technology 5. star-linking

4. using recombinant DNA technology

The transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic radiation is exemplified by ... 1. conduction 2. convection 3. specific heat 4. sunlight 5. thermal resistivity

4. sunlight

A sensory test in which 75-150 human subjects are asked if the product is liked or which sample is their preference would be called a ... 1. consumer acceptance test 2. descriptive test 3. objective test 4. duo-trio test 5. all of the above

1. consumer acceptance test

Which of the following type of papillae on the tongue does not have any taste buds? 1. filliform 2. circumvallate 3. fungiform 4. foliate 5. trick question, they all have taste buds

1. filliform

Small groups used to decide which product concepts to reject or develop are called ... 1. focus groups 2. threshold panels 3. descriptive panels 4. consumer panels 5. all of the above

1. focus groups

Which of the following is not considered a benefit of food biotechnology? 1. increasing costs 2. providing new products of better quality 3. improving food safety 4. improving nutritional value 5. lowering costs

1. increasing costs

A test method that is used to determine the level at which an ingredient can be detected or recognized is called a ... 1. threshold test 2. descriptive test 3. consumer acceptance test 4. viscosity test 5. focus group

1. threshold test

In the demonstration conducted on 11/28/12, the students who tasted the vanilla cookies were asked to make decisions based on difference using a ... 1. triangle test 2. duo-trio test 3. blindfold test 4. descriptive test 5. ranking test

1. triangle test

Based on composition and the fact that microwave ovens are effective because they heat foods that contain water, which one of the following does not heat well in a microwave oven? 1. vegetable oil 2. pork chops 3. pop corn 4. butter 5. carrots

1. vegetable oil

Which of the following is false? 1. StarLink is a genetically modified corn developed by Aventis that contained an insecticidal protein derived from a bacterium that may or may not be a human allergen. 2. An Instron Universal Testing Machine is commonly used to evaluate color of food products. 3. Chemical components in foods that contribute to taste and aroma may be measured with High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. 4. GMO foods may be identified by using detection methods such as monoclonal antibody tests or DNA probes. 5. Sensory panels are used to measure food quality because the results are relevant to consumer acceptability

2. An Instron Universal Testing Machine is commonly used to evaluate color of food products.

A decrease in response under conditions of constant stimulation occurs with smell as well as taste. This decrease is called ... 1. retronasal impaction 2. adaptation 3. olfactory resistivity 4. kinetic immobility 5. limited discrimination

2. adaptation

Some microorganisms have been modified genetically in order to produce an enzyme that is identical to the rennet obtained from animals. This enzyme can produce better quality cheese than animal rennet, was approved by the FDA in 1990, and is called ... 1. transglutaminase 2. chymosin 3. polyphenoloxidase 4. lactase 5. phosphorylase

2. chymosin

Sensory panels are used to measure quality because the results are relevant to ... 1. sickness of panelists 2. consumer acceptability 3. color-blindness 4. degree of panelist compensation 5. food allergies

2. consumer acceptability

A time-consuming sensory test that provides detailed quantitative information using 8-12 trained panelists who were screened for their acuity and answers the question of how products differ in sensory attributes would be called a ... 1. discrimination test 2. descriptive test 3. consumer test 4. hedonic test 5. affective test

2. descriptive test

The amount of heat energy necessary to speed up a material's molecules enough to raise the temperature of a mass of the material by one degree Celsius is known as ... 1. heat transfer 2. specific heat 3.heat capacity 4. heat exchange 5. specific volume

2. specific heat

The hardness of unripe peaches, toughness of some meat cuts, and lumpiness of poorly mashed potatoes is related to which important quality characteristic? 1. color 2. texture 3. price 4. flavor 5. microbial growth

2. texture

A pair of different soda samples was tasted by some students in class on 11/28/12. The purpose of this test of consumers was to measure ... 1. the ranking of the soda 2. the preference for one of the sodas 3. the threshold for sweetness of the soda 4. the intensity of the color of each soda 5. none of the above

2. the preference for one of the sodas

Which of the following food processing industries generates grape pulp and skins as valuable by-products for animal feed rather than useless waste products? 1. canneries 2. wineries 3. cheese manufacturers 4. meat packing companies 5. bakeries

2. wineries

An example of a non-Newtonian food that shows change in viscosity as shear rate is increased would be ... 1. vegetable oil 2. soda 3. applesauce 4. water 5. all of the above

3. applesauce

Character impact compounds are single compounds that convey aroma of foods. The character impact compound that represents almond best is... 1. vanillin 2. isoamyl acetate 3. benzaldehyde 4. butyric acid 5. diacetyl

3. benzaldehyde

The sensory scientist may use quinine to train panelists to recognize which taste? 1. sweet 2. umami 3. bitter 4. salty 5. sour

3. bitter

Which of the following is a type of natural pigment that is most commonly associated with carrots, peppers, and tomatoes? 1. FD&C Red#40 2. chlorophyll 3. carotenoids 4. myoglobin 5. trick question, they all are pigments

3. carotenoids

An example of animal biotechnology that facilitates breeding of the healthiest and most productive livestock but where the genetic makeup of the animal is not changed in any way is called ... 1. plasmid transfer 2. genetic modification 3. cloning 4. organic production 5. selective breeding

3. cloning

Which of the following is not an example of a test type used for sensory evaluation? 1. threshold test 2. descriptive test 3. objective test 4. discrimination test 5. consumer test

3. objective test

Flavor is the combination of aroma and ... 1. sound 2. sight 3. taste 4. touch 5. smell

3. taste

Which of the following choices is false? 1. Supertasters have more than the usual number of taste buds. 2. Supertasters tend to be very sensitive to a variety of taste qualities 3. Supertasters have extreme sensitivity to the chemical n-propylthiouracil (PROP) 4. Supertasters can detect food flavors even when blindfolded and their nose is closed because they have strong food dislikes 5. Supertasters have an increased density of fungiform papillae and more trigeminal nerve endings than regular individuals

4. Supertasters can detect food flavors even when blindfolded and their nose is closed because they have strong food dislikes

The law of conservation of energy states that ... 1. convection is heat transfer between liquid and solid surfaces 2. the units of energy measurement are in Celsius 3. kinetic energy is associated with position 4. energy cannot be created or destroyed 5. energy is transmitted from objects of low temperature to ones of higher temperature

4. energy cannot be created or destroyed

Which of the following is an example of mass transfer? 1. thermal conduction 2. enthalpy 3. sensible heat 4. evaporation of water 5. thermal resistivity

4. evaporation of water

The use of various scientific techniques to produce specific desired traits in plants, animals or microorganisms through the use of genetic knowledge is called... 1. cloning 2. food engineering 3. food processing 4. food biotechnology 5. all of the above

4. food biotechnology

Widespread use of herbicide-tolerant crops could lead to the rapid evolution of resistance to herbicide and this is an example of ... 1. acceptable health risks associated with genetic engineering 2. moral concerns related to genetic engineering 3. how the StarLink disaster with corn originated 4. potential environmental harm from genetic engineering 5. best practices for farming and preservation of traditional plant varieties

4. potential environmental harm from genetic engineering

Which term is related to the friction within a fluid that prevents it from flowing freely? 1. laminar flow 2. food engineering 3. psychrometry 4. viscosity 5. sensory evaluation

4. viscosity

Which of the following is false? 1. Sensory evaluation is used to reduce risks in decision making about foods. 2. Sensory evaluation ensures more cost-effective delivery of new products with high consumer acceptability. 3. Sensory scientists in academia try to understand how our senses work and respond to stimuli from foods. 4. Human observers are good for measuring sensory characteristics of food products. 5. Instruments are preferred for measuring liking and food preferences because they are more reliable and easier to work with than people.

5. Instruments are preferred for measuring liking and food preferences because they are more reliable and easier to work with than people.

Which of the following is an important requirement for conducting sensory tests? 1. consent by participants 2. uniform presentation of samples 3. minimization of distractions 4. random order of presentation of samples 5. all of the above

5. all of the above

All of the following represent a list of basic principles associated with food engineering except... 1. mass balance 2. heat transfer 3. energy balance 4. mass transfer 5. genetic engineering

5. genetic engineering

Which of the following is not used as a water treatment method for food processing companies? 1. filtration 2. chlorination 3. boiling 4. ozone treatment 5. genetic engineering

5. genetic engineering

One choice of units used by food engineers to measure heat energy is... 1. Reynolds number 2. Fahrenheit 3. pounds per square inch (psi) 4. Celsius 5. kilo Joules

5. kilo Joules

The type of discrimination test that is arranged for panelists to select the sample that has more or less of a particular characteristic (e.g. sweetness) is known as a 1. descriptive test 2. hedonic test 3. duo-trio test 4. triangle test 5. paired comparison test

5. paired comparison test

Heat input that does not result in a change of state (freezing/melting or condensing/boiling) but is change that can be detected by touch is called... 1. specific heat 2. heat exchange 3. water activity 4. latent heat 5. sensible heat

5. sensible heat

During the in-class demonstration on 11/28/12, three students participated in a threshold test to measure their ability to detect ... 1. vanilla in milk 2. salt in honey 3. caramel color in soda pop 4. caffeine in water 5. sugar in water

5. sugar in water

True or false: In taste-testing the vanilla-flavored milk samples, the majority of students indicated a preference for the natural vanilla extract and thus food manufacturers should avoid using artificial vanilla flavors to satisfy more consumers.

True

True or false: Turbulent flow occurs when flow rate or velocity is low so there are no eddy currents in the fluid.

false

true or false: Food biotechnology is defined as the scientific discipline used to evoke, measure, analyze, and interpret human reactions to those characteristics of foods and beverages as they are perceived by senses of sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing.

false

true or false: Food engineering is dedicated to the use of recombinant DNA techniques and cloning of animals.

false

true or false: Kinetic energy is associated with motion and the transfer of heat by laminar flow whenever reference samples are used for sensory evaluation and food production.

false

true or false: The consumer acceptability of foods can only be measured using genetic engineering and similar techniques that require intervention or close relationships between analytical results and the complete understanding of consumer nasal passages.

false

true or false: Aroma that is perceived by the nose before it enters the mouth is called orthonasal perception.

true

true or false: Calories, kilo Joules and British Thermal Units are examples of units used by food engineers to measure heat and there are mathematical ways to convert values from one type of unit to another. For example, 1 kilo Joule is the same as 239 calories.

true

true or false: Examples of affective or hedonic tests include consumer tests to determine preferences for various food or beverage products. The "Pepsi Challenge" is an example of a preference test used in marketing research.

true

true or false: The field of psychrometrics is concerned with evaluating thermodynamic properties of mixed gases present in air and an application of this is the evaporation of water from food. 3. This is a multiple choice question, so I like to pick "C" 4. The fourth item in every multiple choice question is the right choice 5. all of the above are right

true

true or false: The food products derived from healthy clones of cattle, swine and goats is as safe as food from non-cloned animals according to a risk assessment conducted by EPA, FDA and USDA in 2008.

true