EXAM 70-741 Chapter 4
What does the DHCP Server service do?
This is the service that distributes IP addresses and other network configuration information. It runs in the background.
In what version of Windows Server did DHCP policies come out?
Windows Server 2012
When did Windows Server start supporting DHCP failover capability?
Windows Server 2012
In what version of Windows Server did the ability of using FQDN-based condition and DNS suffix to create DHCP policies to fully control DNS registration for computers and devices on the network?
Windows Server 2012 R2
When using stateful configuration, is the IP address assigned by the DHCP server?
Yes
DHCP policy scenario 3
You can control who gets access to your network based on MAC address for a subnet.
If DHCP is installed on a domain controller, when is the DHCP server authorized?
at the time of role installation.
How do you create a scope for the DHCP server?
by using the DHCP snap in for Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
What does DHCP stand for?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
What is the default lease time for a wired client?
Eight days
Where is the DHCP database configuration folder located?
%systemroot%\System32\Dhcp
If all attempts fail, and a DHCP client cannot obtain a new IP address from the DHCP server, what IP address will the client auto-configure to?
169.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 Microsoft Class B
If you are using Windows Deployment Services (WDS) to deploy Windows to a remote client computer, what would you use?
A DHCP server. However, for most organizations, the WDS server is not going to be the DHCP server. Therefore, you need to configure the DHCP server to boot the computer from the WDS server.
What are DHCP scopes?
A range of IP addresses that can be allocated to clients. A scope consists of a name and description, a range of addresses, and subnet mask. Administrators can exclude IP addresses from distribution. Administrators can also specify the duration of IP address leases. After a scope is created it has to be activated before it can allocate addresses.
What can you install the DHCP server role on?
A stand-alone server, a domain member server, or a domain controller.
In DHCP what is multicast scopes used for?
Allows applications to reserve a multicast IP address for data and content delivery.
DHCP IPv6 options can be configured at what level?
Both the server level or the scope level To configure options at the server level right click on the IPv6 node and choose Set Predefined Options. To configure options at the scope level, expand the scope and right click Scope Options, and choose Configure Options.
When does the DHCP server update DNS address Host (A) resource records and Pointer (PTR) resource records? A. After setup and authorization. B. When requested by the DNS server. C. When requested by the DHCP client.
C. When requested by the DHCP client.
00029 NIS Domain List
Conveys the client's list of NIS Domain Name information to the client.
00030 NIS + Domain Name List
Conveys the client's list of NIS+ Domain Name information to the client.
The user authorizing the DHCP server to AD DS must be a member of what group? A. Domain Admins B. Administrators C. Enterprise Admins D. Users
Enterprise Admins
How do you create a reservation?
Expand the scope node, right click the reservation node, and, from the context menu, choose New Reservation. You can also right click the current lease and choose Add to Reservation.
Full PowerShell example of export DHCP data
Export-DHCPServer -ComputerName <SourceFQDN> -Leases -File C:\export.xml -verbose
for DHCP server migration, what are the Windows PowerShell cmdlets to export and import DHCP data?
From source server: Export-DhcpServer From destination server: Import-DhcpServer
What are unique local addresses?
IPv6 addresses intended for private addressing, so that you can join two subnets together without creating any addressing problems.
DHCP policy scenario 2
If you have a mix of wired and mobile computers, you can assign shorter lease duration's for mobile computers and longer lease duration's to wired computers.
DHCP policy scenario 1
If you have different types of clients (Desktop computers, printers, and IP phones) on the same subnets, you can assign different IP address ranges within the subnet.
Full PowerShell example of import DHCP data
Import-DHCPServer -ComputerName <DestinationFQDN> -Leases -File C:\export.xml -verbose
What helps to prevent rogue DHCP servers in an AD environment?
In Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) Environments, domain-joined Windows DHCP servers MUST be authorized against Active Directory to ensure that a rogue DHCP server cannot lease addresses to domain clients.
What is the PowerShell command to install a DHCP Server role? Install-WindowsFeature DHCP -ComputerName <computer_name> Install-WindowsFeature DHCP [-ComputerName <computer_name>] WindowsFeature-Install DHCP [ComputerName <computer_name>] Install-DHCP -WindowsFeature [-ComputerName <computer_name>]
Install-WindowsFeature DHCP [-ComputerName THOR]
What is DHCP database?
It is a database that contains the configuration fot he DHCP server, the IP addresses that it has distributed, their current lease time, and the IP addresses that the server still has to distribute. The database uses Microsoft Jet Database Engine which is stored in the %systemroot%\System32\Dhcp folder
Is the DHCP Relay Agent already installed?
It is already installed for IPv4. If you need it for IPv6, right-click the General node under IPv6 and choose New Routing Protocol. When the New Routing Protocol dialog box opens, DHCPv6 Relay Agent will already be highlighted, just click OK.
What is a Superscope?
It is the grouping of multiple scopes into a single administrative entity. By using superscopes, you can support larger subnets.
What is the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)?
It is what DHCP is based on and was one of the early network protocols used to obtain an IP address from a configuration server.
DHCP policy consists of conditions and settings. A condition allows you to identify and group clients based on whether a specified criteria is equal or not equal to a specified value. What are some of the criteria?
MAC Address Vendor class User class Client identifier Relay Agent information: remote ID circuit ID subscriber ID
What engine does the DHCP database use?
Microsoft Jet Database Engine
When should a migration be performed?
Migrations are recommended when moving from a previous version of Windows Server to a new version, but can also be used to move from one system to another that are running the same operating system.
What is multicast scopes commonly known as?
Multicast Address Dynamic Client Allocation Protocol MADCAP scopes
When using stateless configuration, is the IP address assigned by the DHCP server?
No
Are DHCP options required for use by DHCP?
No, however they can be essential to an organization to automatically configure these options so that they do not have to be manually configured.
What are the normal DHCP option packets?
Normally, DHCP clients send a DHCP option 67 packet and then DHCP servers return a DHCP 68 option offer. Other options to know are: Option 60 (PXE Client) Option 66 (Boot Server Host Name) Option 67 (Bootfile Name) You can set options 66 and 67 in the Scope Options window in the DHCP console
What does DHCP Options [Option 15] do?
Option 15 Domain name: Specifies the DNS domain name that the client should use for DNS computer name resolution.
What does DHCP Options [Option 3] do?
Option 3 Router: Specifies a list of IP addresses for the default gateway or router on the client's subnet. The router option is usually configured at the scope level.
What does DHCP Options [Option 6] do?
Option 6 DNS servers: Specifies a list of IP addresses for DNS name servers available to the client.
What are DHCP options?
Options that are assigned when the addresses are assigned or renewed, including the default gateway and the primary and secondary DNS servers. Other options include DNS domain suffix, WINS server, and TFTP addresses. You can assign the options globally (all scopes), specific to a particular scope, or specific to clients.
What does the IPv6 stateless mechanism configure?
This configures both link-local addresses and additional non-link-local addresses based on Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages with neighboring routers.
When you create IPv6 scopes what are the properties you can define?
Prefix: Defines the network portion of the IP address. Preference: Defines the values assigned to a DHCP scope that indicate the preferred DHCP server to use when an organization has multiple DHCP servers. The scope with the lowest preference value is used first. Exclusions: Defines single addresses or blocks of addresses that will not be offered for lease. Valid and preferred lifetimes: Defines how long leased addresses are valid. DHCP options: Defines IPv6 options such as DNS servers and the default gateway.
What are Link-local addresses
Private, non routable addresses confined to a single subnet. These addresses are used to communicate with neighboring hosts on the same link and are equivalent to the automatic private IP addresses (169.254.x.x) used by IPv4 when a DHCP server cannot be contacted. Although they can be used to set up permanent small LANs, they can also be used to create temporary networks or ad-hoc networks.
00031 SNTP Servers IPv6 Address List
Provides a list of one or more IPv6 addresses of SNTP servers so clients can perform time synchronization with the SNTP server.
What are Global unicast addresses?
Public addresses that are globally routable and reachable on the IPv6 portion of the Internet.
In Windows DHCP server what is another word for a manually allocated IP address?
Reservation
Where do you change how DHCP registers and deletes DNS A and PTR resource records?
Right click the IPv4 node or scope, choose Properties, and then click the DNS tab.
What are the limitations of multicast scopes?
They cannot use reservations and you cannot set additional options such as DNS and routing.
How many options does Windows DHCP server support, and what are they?
Scope options: Options supplied only to DHCP clients receiving addresses from a particular scope Server options: Options supplied to ALL DHCP clients receiving addresses from the server. However, the scope options can overwrite the server options.
Under IPv6 what folders are created by default?
Server Options
Under IPv4 what folders are created by default?
Server Options Policies Filters - Allow - Deny
00027 NIS IPv6 Address List
Specifies a list of IPv6 addresses indicating Network Information Services (NIS) servers available to the client
00028 NIS + IPv6 Address List
Specifies a list of IPv6 addresses indicating Network Information Services v2 (NIS +) servers available to the client.
00022 SIP Servers IPv6 Address List:
Specifies a list of IPv6 addresses indicating SIP outbound proxy servers available to the client. If an organization has more than one server, the server with the highest preference is used.
00021 SIP Server Domain Name List:
Specifies a list of the domain names of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) outbound proxy servers for the client to use.
00023 DNS Recursive Name Server IPv6 Address
Specifies the DNS Server used for DNS Queries. If an organization has more than one DNS server, the server with the highest preference is used.
00024 Domain Search List
Specifies the domain serch list the client is to use when resolving host names with DNS.
What is the character limit of the DHCP servers FQDN?
The FQDN of the DHCP server cannot exceed 64 characters. If this is the case, you can authorize the server by using its IP address instead of the FQDN.
What is DHCP console?
The Microsoft Management Console (MMC) that allows you to manage the DHCP server and the scopes
What is the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE)?
The Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) allows a client to boot from a server over the network. PXE-enabled network cards add the DHCP option 60 to their DHCP discover packets. If you deploy DHCP and a PXE server on the same machine, you must set DHCP to make offers that also include the 60 option.
Other than IP address, what else can a DHCP server be configured to provide to a client?
The default gateway, primary and secondary DNS information, WINS server, and DNS domain name
What portion of bits define an IPv6 network address?
The first 64 bits
If a DHCP policy conflict exists what policy is implemented?
The policy higher up in the processing order overices the previous option. scope-level policies are processed first by the DHCP server followed by server-wide policies
If a scope runs out of addresses and you cannot add more addresses from the subnet, what can you do?
Use a superscope to add a new subnet to the DHCP server. You then perform multinetting, where you lease addresses to clients in the same physical network, but the clients will be in a separate network logically by subnet.
At what points will a DHCP client attempt to renew its lease?
When the lease reaches 50% lease time, if the server is unavailable the client will try again at 75% and again at 87.5%
How do you authorize a DHCP server in an AD DS environment?
the DHCP Server role must be installed on a domain member server or on a domain controller
What portion of bits define the host portion of an IPv6 address?
the second 64 bits
What is the Routing and Remote Access (RRAS) tool used for?
this is an administrative tool used to create a virtual private network (VPN) gateway for clients, provide routing functionality, and provide a DHCP Relay Agent
